Intercalated disc
Cardiac muscle, an intercalated disc can be seen joining cardiomyocytes in magnified section
Intercalated discs, desmosomes and gap junctions in cardiac muscle fiber.
Details
Part ofCardiac muscle
Identifiers
Latindiscus intercalaris, discus intercalatus
THH2.00.05.2.02006
Anatomical terms of microanatomy

Intercalated discs or lines of Eberth are microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle consists of individual heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) connected by intercalated discs to work as a single functional syncytium. By contrast, skeletal muscle consists of multinucleated muscle fibers and exhibits no intercalated discs. Intercalated discs support synchronized contraction of cardiac tissue in a wave-like pattern so that the heart can work like a pump.[1] They occur at the Z line of the sarcomere and can be visualized easily when observing a longitudinal section of the tissue.

Structure

Intercalated discs are complex structures that connect adjacent cardiac muscle cells. The three types of cell junction recognised as making up an intercalated disc are desmosomes, fascia adherens junctions, and gap junctions.[2]

All of these junctions work together as a single unit called the area composita.[2]

Clinical significance

Mutations in the intercalated disc gene are responsible for various cardiomyopathies that can lead to heart failure.[2]

Ruptured intercalated discs, in this case regarded as a visual artifact.

Ruptured intercalated discs, when seen on histopathology, have two main causes:

Additional signs indicating forceful myocardial contraction are:[5][6]

References

  1. ^  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license. Betts, J Gordon; Desaix, Peter; Johnson, Eddie; Johnson, Jody E; Korol, Oksana; Kruse, Dean; Poe, Brandon; Wise, James; Womble, Mark D; Young, Kelly A (June 8, 2023). Anatomy & Physiology. Houston: OpenStax CNX. 10.7 Cardiac muscle tissue. ISBN 978-1-947172-04-3.
  2. ^ a b c d e Zhao, G; Qiu, Y; Zhang, HM; Yang, D (January 2019). "Intercalated discs: cellular adhesion and signaling in heart health and diseases". Heart Failure Reviews. 24 (1): 115–132. doi:10.1007/s10741-018-9743-7. PMID 30288656. S2CID 52919432.
  3. ^ a b c Feher, Joseph (2012-01-01), Feher, Joseph (ed.), "5.7 - The Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility", Quantitative Human Physiology (Second Edition), Boston: Academic Press, pp. 547–555, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800883-6.00051-3, ISBN 978-0-12-800883-6, retrieved 2020-12-28
  4. ^ Page 38 in: Giorgio Baroldi (2004). The Etiopathogenesis of Coronary Heart Disease: A Heretical Theory Based on Morphology, Second Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 9781498712811.
  5. ^ a b Page 55 in: Vittorio Fineschi, Giorgio Baroldi, Malcolm D. Silver (2016). Pathology of the Heart and Sudden Death in Forensic Medicine. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420006438.((cite book)): CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ a b Fineschi, Vittorio; Karch, Steven B.; D'Errico, Stefano; Pomara, Cristoforo; Riezzo, Irene; Turillazzi, Emanuela (2005). "Cardiac pathology in death from electrocution". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 120 (2): 79–82. doi:10.1007/s00414-005-0011-8. ISSN 0937-9827. PMID 16078070. S2CID 24759863.

External links

Muscle tissue
Category