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((Short description|Philippine non-profit organization))
((More citations needed|date=August 2018))
((Use mdy dates|date=December 2022))
((Use Philippine English|date=December 2022))
((Infobox organization
| name          = International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR)
| logo          = IIRR-Logo.png
| logo_caption  = 
| abbreviation  = IIRR
| formation     = 1960
| type          = International non-governmental organization
| purpose       = Rural Development, Self-help
| headquarters  = Y.C. James Yen Center, Km. 39 Aguinaldo Highway, [[Silang, Cavite|Silang]], [[Cavite]] province
| location      = [[Philippines]]
| coords        = <!-- Coordinates of location using a coordinates template -->
| region_served = Worldwide
| language      = English
| leader_title  = President
| leader_name   = Peter Williams
| leader_title2 = Regional Director, Asia
| leader_name2  = Emily Monville-Oro
| leader_title3 = Regional Director, Africa
| leader_name3  = Pamela Nyamutoka Katooro
| main_organ    = Board of Directors
| website       = http://www.iirr.org
))
'''International Institute of Rural Reconstruction''', also known as IIRR is a non-profit organization that helps empower rural communities by making them self-sufficient. By offering programs across health, education, environment, and livelihood, its goal is to have rural communities take charge of their own success. The organization has delivered programs to more than 40 countries in [[Asia]], [[Africa]], and [[Latin America]] and directly impacted the lives of over 19 million people as of 2019.<ref>°https://iirr.org/our-impact/</ref>

==Headquarters==
The Y.C. James Yen Center occupies an area of 54 hectares<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.iirr.org/index.php/aboutus/yencenter# |title=International Institute of Rural Reconstruction |access-date=April 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130708131744/http://www.iirr.org/index.php/aboutus/yencenter# |archive-date=July 8, 2013 |url-status=dead ))</ref> along the boundary of the municipality of [[Silang, Cavite|Silang]] and the City of [[Dasmariñas]] in the province of [[Cavite]], [[Philippines]]. It includes a number of classrooms, function halls, apartments, and hostels.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.iirr.org/index.php/aboutus/packages# |title=International Institute of Rural Reconstruction |access-date=April 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021171734/http://www.iirr.org/index.php/aboutus/packages# |archive-date=October 21, 2013 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Additionally, the organization has country offices in [[Cambodia]], [[Myanmar]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Kenya]], [[South Sudan]], [[Uganda]], [[United States]], and [[Zimbabwe]].

==Origins of the Rural Reconstruction Movement<ref>((cite journal |last1=Guo |first1=Huanxiu |title=The "New Rural Reconstruction" : movement and sustainable agricultural development in China |journal=Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand |date=2013 |url=https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01168306/document))</ref>==
[[File:Distinguished Chinese visitor at White House. Dr. Y.C. James Yon, General Director of the Chinese National Mass Educational Movement, was presented to President Coolidge today by the Chinese LCCN2016889112.jpg|thumb|Y.C. James Yen (right) at the White House next to Chinese Ambassador [[Alfred Sao-ke Sze]] (left).]]
The origins of the movement can be traced back to China in the 1930s, during the [[Great Depression]] in China. Individuals living in rural China, many of them landless, were particularly hurt by the global economic downturn. The declining agricultural and rural economy caused severe social unrest in the countryside. Intellectuals and reformers such as [[Liang Shuming]], [[Y.C. James Yen]], [[Tao Xingzhi]], Lu Zuofu and Peng Yuting
turned their attention to the countryside and initiated the first wave of the Rural Reconstruction movement in order to experiment with various rural development models. Liang Shuming and James Yen were prominent figures in the movement.

Liang Shuming emphasized the merger of traditional Chinese beliefs and values with new agricultural and technological advances. He funded the Research Institute of Rural Reconstruction in Zouping county of Shandong province to disseminate his theories of development. The organization trained thousands of rural educators in remote and previously under-served rural communities. It also helped to introduce new agricultural technology and hybridized plants to these communities.

James Yen, unlike Liang, received a Western education at Hong Kong and later Yale University and worked for a time in France. He believed that education was the primary tool in empowering the poor. He, therefore, supported educational reforms in the Chinese countryside, where most people lived. Yen summarized China's rural problems as peasants' ignorance, poverty, illness and selfishness. The remedy to these problems thus relied on mass education with respect to culture, livelihood, health care and civic-mindedness. Yen and his colleagues committed to reduce the illiteracy rate in the countryside and teach farmers science and new technologies. They also edited and published a farmers' newspaper and established a farmers' radio and performance group to promote local literature, art and theater.

Both Liang and Yen's projects were halted by the Sino-Japanese War of 1937. Yen would take his educational movement abroad to other developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. In 1960 Yen founded the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction in the Philippines.

==The Yen Center==
The Yen Center —named after IIRR's founder, Dr. Y.C. James Yen— is an eco-friendly training facility situated approximately ((cvt|24|mi)) from [[Manila]] in the Province of Cavite, Philippines. The ((convert|50|ha|adj=on)) campus is nestled in a wide range of fauna and flora and is the home of the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction. The facility offers seminars, training, retreats, workshops, conferences, team building, and other learning events.

===Accommodation===
The Yen Center offers low-carbon accommodations in a rural setting with green landscapes designed to cater to group-specific requirements. Furnished bungalow-type cottages with green sustainable operating practices are also available for family and small group events.

===Facilities and Services===
The Yen Center has three fully equipped function halls and several break-out rooms and reflection huts. The Yen Center also offers an array of dishes from international menus to local favorites and their own recipes are even produced using campus garden produce.

===Eco-friendly Environment===
The campus-style environment is well suited for outdoor activities such as camping, bird-watching and nature trekking. Other sites on the campus include learning centers that focus on IIRR's work and projects.

===Livelihood Learning Sites===
The Sustainable Livelihood Demo Sites focuses on agro-forestry and features an integrated farm replete with a fodder garden, composting sites, and various livelihood options such an indigenous swine and poultry productions. The George Sycip Bio-Intensive Garden (BIG) Learning Center, a demonstration center growing of indigenous vegetables and other planting materials, displays IIRR's climate-smart agro-ecological practices.<ref>((Cite web | url=https://www.orfonline.org/research/from-theory-to-practice-perspectives-on-climate-smart-agriculture-in-india-and-africa-50224/ |title = From theory to practice: Perspectives on Climate-Smart agriculture in India and Africa))</ref> Other Livelihood Learning Sites include the Youth Development Program Learning Center, the International School for Sustainable Tourism and the Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement Farm.<ref>https://iirr.org/yen-center/?tab=et_pb_tab_0 ((Dead link|date=February 2022))</ref>

==Bio-Intensive Gardening (BIG)==
BIG programs have been particularly useful in urban areas where traditional agricultural methods are untenable. Bio-intensive urban gardens, in addition to the emphasis on enhanced nutritional quality of the food produced, adds a concern with food safety, given the increasing commercialization of vegetables from high input peri-urban and truck farming systems.<ref>((Cite book|last=Veenhuizen|first=René|date=2006|title=Cities Farming for the Future: Urban Agriculture for Green and Productive Cities|publisher=IIRR and ETC Urban Agriculture|isbn=1-930261-14-4))</ref>

Bio-Intensive Gardening (BIG) was first developed in 1984 in response to a collapse of the Philippine sugar industry and a subsequent economic crisis. By 1986 the rate of malnutrition in the province of Negros Occidental, where BIG was first implemented, had fallen from 25% to 40%.  BIG and similar programs can be found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Guatemala, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Laos, Nepal and Thailand.<ref>((Cite journal|date=January 1, 2015|title=Diversified and Integrated Farming Systems (DIFS): Philippine Experiences for Improved Livelihood and Nutrition|journal=Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture|volume=10|issue=1|pages=19–33|issn=1880-3016))</ref>

Bio-Intensive Gardens provide organic nutritious food as well as a source of income for the individuals that cultivate them. In the Philippine city of Cagayan de Oro, 25% of produce cultivated with BIG techniques are eaten by the cultivator and their family. The remaining 75% is sold to neighbors and walk-in clients. 75% of cultivators double their vegetable consumption in a city where vegetable intake is only 36&nbsp;kg per capita per year, half of the [[FAO]] recommended minimum.<ref>((cite book |last1=Veenhuizen |first1=René |title=Cities Farming for the Future: Urban Agriculture for Green and Productive Cities |date=2006 |publisher=IIRR/IDRC/RUAF |location=Philippines |isbn=1930261144 |pages=474 |url=https://www.idrc.ca/en/book/cities-farming-future-urban-agriculture-green-and-productive-cities))</ref>

==Training programs and projects<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.aesanetwork.org/building-resilient-communities-a-training-manual-on-community-managed-disaster-risk-reduction-international-institute-of-rural-reconstruction-2013/|title=Building Resilient Communities: A training manual on community managed disaster risk reduction, International Institute of Rural Reconstruction, 2013 ((!)) ((!)) Welcome to AESA|access-date=October 1, 2019))</ref>==

===Training programs===
IIRR offers a diverse pool of community-led training programs:<ref>((Cite journal|last=Flavier|first=J. M.|date=March 1989|title=Gaining intersectoral support: the case of the People's School|journal=Hygie|volume=8|issue=1|pages=21–25|issn=0751-7149|pmid=2707809))</ref>
*[[Participatory monitoring]] and Evaluation
*Sustainable Agriculture Training of Trainers
*Training Program Development and Management
*Systems in Community-managed Health
*Farmer-Led Extension or Participatory Approaches to Agricultural Extension
*Rural Development Management
*Development Communication
*Gender in Program Development and Management
*Financial Sustainability for NGOs
*Community-based Integrated Watershed Management
*[[Regenerative agriculture]]
*Food Security Through Home Gardening
*Small-Scale and Community-based Aquaculture
*NGO Leadership, Development and Social Change
*Participatory Action Research for Community-based Natural Resources Management

===Projects===
IIRR has also implemented the following projects related to capacity development:<ref>((Cite journal|last=Monu|first=Erasmus D.|date=January 1, 1988|title=Indigenous specialists in agriculture: The IIRR experience|journal=Agricultural Administration and Extension|volume=29|issue=3|pages=221–237|doi=10.1016/0269-7475(88)90129-8|issn=0269-7475))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://businessdiary.com.ph/14426/58-lighthouse-schools-put-up-by-international-institute-for-rural-reconstruction-proves-gardening-eliminates-malnutrition-in-region-4a-public-schoolchildren/|title=58 "lighthouse" Schools Put Up By International Institute For Rural Reconstruction, Proves Gardening Eliminates Malnutrition In Region 4A Public Schoolchildren|website=Business Diary Philippines|date=August 14, 2019|access-date=October 1, 2019))</ref>

*Sustainable Agriculture Training of Trainers Projects: A 5-year project funded by the Dutch government (DGIS) to develop capacities of IIRR and core partner organizations on trainings for sustainable agriculture.
[[File:Climate Smart Village Mango Field in Myanmar.jpg|thumb|[[Climate Smart Agriculture]] initiative in Myanmar, partly funded by IIRR.]]
*Mekong Learning Initiative: An on-going project in the Mekong in collaboration with select organizations including Pakse Agricultural College and Participatory Development Training Center (PADETC) in Laos, Can Tho University in Vietnam, World Fish and Oxfam America. The aim is to develop capacities of local organizations in the Mekong Region towards participatory natural resource management.
*Lashi Watershed Management: A short-term project engaged with Oxfam America to develop capacities of stakeholders in watershed management.
*Training and technical accompaniment to Cordia Medan and Caritas Sibolga of Indonesia on Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR)
*Capacity Development Program for the Asia Zone Emergency and Environment Network (AZEECON): A 3-year program where IIRR provides capacity-development support for members of the Asia Zone Emergency and Environment Network (AZEECON) to build and strengthen their capacities to facilitate community-level climate change work.

===Programs<ref>((Cite web|url=https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/climate-smart-villages-launch-myanmar|title=Climate-Smart Villages launch in Myanmar|date=April 26, 2018|website=ccafs.cgiar.org|access-date=September 14, 2019))</ref>===
*NGO Disaster Preparedness Program (NGODPP): To address disaster relief, recovery and resilience building
*Leyte Sab-a Peatland Forest Restoration Initiative: To address peat swamp [[forest degradation]], [[biodiversity loss]] and climate change

==People==
*[[Juan Flavier]]
*[[Francis M. Ssekandi]]
*[[Y. C. James Yen]]

==See also==
*[[Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement]]
*[[PROLINNOVA]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((coord|14|15.77352|N|120|58.54914|E|display=title|region:PH_type:landmark_source:GNS-enwiki))

((Authority control))

[[Category:Organizations based in Cavite]]
[[Category:Ramon Magsaysay Award winners]]
[[Category:Silang, Cavite]]

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