The Italian Mathematical Union (Italian: Unione Matematica Italiana) is a mathematics society based in Italy. It was founded on December 7, 1922 by Luigi Bianchi, Vito Volterra, and most notably, Salvatore Pincherle, who became the Union's first President. The Union's journal is the Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana, which contains two sections: one for research papers, and one for expository articles.

The Italian mathematical union awards the Bartolozzi Prize, the Caccioppoli Prize and the Stampacchia Medal.