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((Short description|French physician, poet and translator (1868–1949)))
((more citations needed|date=July 2018))
[[File:Paul-Charles_Delaroche,_Dr_Mardrus,_(1911-1913_%3F).jpg|thumb|A drawing of Joseph Charles Mardrus]]
'''Joseph Charles Mardrus''', otherwise known as "Jean-Charles Mardrus" (1868–1949), was a French physician, poet, and a noted translator. Today he is best known for his translation of the ''[[Thousand and One Nights]]'' from [[Arabic language|Arabic]] into [[French language|French]], which was published from 1898 to 1904,<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86-55764/|title=Mardrus, J. C. (Joseph Charles) 1868-1949|website=WorldCat|access-date=6 December 2017))</ref> and was in turn rendered into English by [[Powys Mathers|Edward Powys Mathers]]. A newer edition, ''[[Le livre des mille nuits et une nuit]]'', was published in 1926–1932.

Mardrus's version of the ''Arabian Nights'' is mentioned explicitly in the pages of [[Marcel Proust|Marcel Proust's]] ''[[Remembrance of Things Past]]''.  Mardrus was an [[Orientalism|Orientalist]] and inserted a lot of material of his own, and his translation is therefore not wholly authentic. Much of the homosexual material for example, is an absolute invention of Mardrus himself, and so confuses the issue of actual homosexuality in the ''Nights'', of which there is a substantial amount. Mardrus claimed that his translation was based on a previously unknown "Tunisian text",  but this fictional manuscript was never seen by anyone else.((citation needed|date=July 2018))

== Biography ==
Mardrus was born in Cairo, Egypt in 1868 to a Catholic family of [[Armenians|Armenian]]-descent, and studied in [[Lebanon]] before settling in Paris, France.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.bibliomonde.com/auteur/joseph-charles-mardrus-2847.html|title=Joseph-Charles Mardrus|website=BiblioMonde|access-date=6 December 2017))</ref>

As a doctor for the French government, he worked throughout [[Morocco]] and the Far East. He produced other translations, some illustrated by the Swiss engraver [[François-Louis Schmied]] (1873–1941). He married the novelist and poet [[Lucie Delarue-Mardrus]] on 5 June 1900.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.amisldm.org/biographie/|title=Biographie|website=Association des Amis de Lucie Delarue-Mardrus|language=fr|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207085937/https://www.amisldm.org/biographie/|archive-date=7 December 2017|url-status=dead))</ref> In 1914 he met Gabrielle Bralant ("Cobrette"), whom he would later marry, and he and Lucie separated in the following year; Lucie in any case had lesbian inclinations.((citation needed|date=July 2018))

Elvira Buder (born 1918) claimed to have travelled from Egypt via Greece with Mardrus in the 1930s with the intention of attending the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]]. Soon after arriving in Paris war broke out and she found herself pregnant and in France on an Italian passport. Buder left France for Italy when the Germans occupied Paris, although she claimed that Mardrus was not the father of her child. Much later they met for the last time when Buder had just married E.W.N. Mallows, son of C.E. Mallows [[Charles Edward Mallows]]. Mardrus was a friend of [[Louis Aragon]] and introduced Buder to him.((citation needed|date=July 2018))

==Works==
* ''Les Mille et Une Nuits'' (''The 1001 Nights'', edited by Robert Laffont; in the Bouquins collection)
* ''L’Apocalypse qui est la révélation'' 
* ''Le Livre des Morts de l’Ancienne Égypte'' 
* ''Le Cantique des Cantiques''
* ''Le Livre des Rois''
* ''Sucre d’amour'' (1926), illustrated by [[François-Louis Schmied]]
* ''La Reine de Saba'' (1918)
* ''La Reine de Saba et divers autres contes'' (1921)
* ''Le Koran'', commissioned by the French government in 1925
* ''Le Paradis musulman'' (1930), illustrated by [[François-Louis Schmied]]
* ''Toute-Puissance de l'Adepte''  (Le Livre de la Vérité de Parole) 1932

==References==
((reflist))

((Authority control))

((One Thousand and One Nights))

((DEFAULTSORT:Mardrus, J. C.))
[[Category:1868 births]]
[[Category:1949 deaths]]
[[Category:Arabic–French translators]]
[[Category:Translators from Arabic]]
[[Category:19th-century French physicians|Mardrus, JC]]
[[Category:Translators of One Thousand and One Nights]]
[[Category:Writers from Cairo]]
[[Category:Armenian orientalists]]
[[Category:19th-century French writers]]

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