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((short description|Canadian privately-owned multigenerational conglomerate))
((about|the multigenerational conglomerate|the parent company|Irving Group of Companies|the company founder|James Dergavel Irving|the current owner|James K. Irving|pulp and paper|Irving Pulp and Paper))
((more citations needed|date=September 2014))
((Infobox company
| name = J.D. Irving, Limited
| logo = JD_Irving_Logo.svg
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| industry = ((unbulleted list|Forestry|Transportation|Shipbuilding|Consumer Products))
| foundation = ((Start date and age|1882)), in [[Bouctouche, New Brunswick|Bouctouche]], [[New Brunswick]], Canada
| location_city = [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]], [[New Brunswick]]
| location_country = Canada
| area_served = Worldwide with operations throughout North America.
| key_people = ((unbulleted list|Jim Irving (co-[[Chief executive officer|CEO]])|[[Robert Irving (industrialist)|Robert Irving]] (co-CEO)))
| founder = [[James Dergavel Irving]]
| owner = [[James K. Irving]]
| num_employees = 20,000
| parent = [[Irving Group of Companies]]
| divisions = Irving Forest Products & Services<br />Irving Transportation Services<br />Irving Shipbuilding & Industrial Fabrication<br />Irving Retail & Distribution Services<br />Irving Consumer Products<br />Irving Industrial Equipment & Construction<br />Irving Specialty Printing<br />[[Irving Tissue]]
| homepage = ((URL|http://www.jdirving.com/))
| footnotes = <ref name=History>((cite web|title=History|url=http://jdirving.com/about-us.aspx?id=176|publisher=J.D. Irving, Limited|access-date=27 July 2014|ref=History|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140313125937/http://jdirving.com/about-us.aspx?id=176|archive-date=13 March 2014))</ref><ref name="About Us">((cite web|title=About Us|url=http://jdirving.com/about-us.aspx?id=168&coll_id=30|publisher=J.D. Irving, Limited|access-date=27 July 2014|ref=About Us|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817224415/http://www.jdirving.com/about-us.aspx?id=168&coll_id=30|archive-date=17 August 2014))</ref><ref name=OCLC>((cite web|title=J.D. Irving, Limited|url=https://ocl-cal.gc.ca/app/secure/orl/lrrs/do/clntSmmry?clientNumber=6324&sMdKy=1381424244399|website=Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying of Canada|publisher=Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying of Canada|access-date=27 July 2014|ref=OCLC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313154851/https://ocl-cal.gc.ca/app/secure/orl/lrrs/do/clntSmmry?clientNumber=6324&sMdKy=1381424244399|archive-date=13 March 2014|url-status=dead))</ref>
))

[[Image:PulpAndPaperMill.jpg|thumb|right|Pulp and Paper Mill owned by JDI in [[Saint John, New Brunswick]].]]
'''J.D. Irving Limited''' ('''JDI''') is a privately owned [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] company headquartered in [[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John]], [[New Brunswick]], Canada. It is a subsidiary of the [[Irving Group of Companies]]; consisting of [[Irving Oil Refinery]], [[Canaport]], [[Irving Tissue]], [[Irving Equipment]], [[Kent Building Supplies]], [[New Brunswick Railway]], [[New Brunswick Southern Railway]], Eastern Maine Railway, [[Maine Northern Railway]], [[Brunswick News]], [[Acadia Broadcasting]], [[Irving Shipbuilding]], [[Cavendish Farms]], amoung others.((sfn|Canadian Encyclopedia|2020)) It is involved in many industries including [[forestry]], [[paper|forestry products]], [[agriculture]], [[food processing]], [[transport]]ation, and [[shipbuilding]]. JDI along with [[Irving Oil]], Ocean Capital Investments and [[Brunswick News]], forms the bulk of the [[Irving Group of Companies]], which groups the interests of the Irving family.

==History==
J.D. Irving Limited (JDI) traces its roots to a sawmill operated in [[Bouctouche, New Brunswick]] by its namesake, [[James Dergavel Irving]].<ref name=History/> J.D. Irving's operations were passed to his children, one of whom, [[Kenneth Colin Irving]], assumed majority ownership and used JDI to expand into [[pulp and paper]] and other forestry-related businesses between the 1920s and 1940s.

In the post-[[Second World War|war]] years, JDI acquired pulp mills in Saint John and upstate [[New York (state)|New York]], as well as sawmills throughout New Brunswick.  During the 1950s, JDI took control of a shipyard in Saint John and started several [[truck driver|trucking]] companies and heavy industry companies like [[Irving Equipment]] to satisfy the growing needs of the company.[[Image:Kent Store HFX 2007.jpg|thumb|left|A Kent store in [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax, Nova Scotia]].]]

In the 1970s and 1980s, JDI expanded into trucking with its [[Scot Truck]] subsidiary based in [[Debert, Nova Scotia|Debert, NS]]. Now called [[Midland Transport]] and based in [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe, NB]], it is joined by sister companies [[Midland Courier]] (Dieppe), [[Sunbury Transport]] ([[Fredericton, New Brunswick|Fredericton]]) and [[RST Industries]] (Saint John).

JDI is also the a shipbuilder in Canada with ownership of shipyards in [[Halifax Regional Municipality|Halifax]], [[Liverpool, Nova Scotia|Liverpool]], [[Shelburne, Nova Scotia|Shelburne]], and [[Georgetown, Prince Edward Island|Georgetown]].

==Incidents==
As a large regional industrial conglomerate, J.D. Irving Ltd. subsidiaries have been the focus of several notable incidents:
* In 1970, an oil barge named ''[[Irving Whale]]'' sank in the [[Gulf of St. Lawrence]] causing periodic oil spills until it was raised by the federal government in 1996.
* In 2007, the Irving Pulp & Paper Ltd. mill at [[Reversing Falls]] accidentally released 680,000 litres of green liquid into the [[Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Saint John River]]; pleading guilty, the company received a fine of $50,000. In November 2008, [[Environment Canada]] investigators exercised a search warrant at Irving Pulp & Paper's head office to seek more information on this accidental spill.
* In November 2008, [[JDI Logistics]] and [[Atlantic Towing]] made the news over an accident involving the transport of 2 new turbines from [[Saint John Harbour]] to the nearby [[Point Lepreau Nuclear Generating Station]].  The JDI subsidiaries had been sub-contracted by [[Siemens AG]], Turbine Replacement sub-contractor for the facility's owner [[NB Power]].  The 2 turbines were manufactured by [[Siemens AG]] in [[Scotland]] and were shipped to Saint John on a road transport vehicle aboard a cargo ship.  The cargo was off-loaded from the ship onto a barge owned by Atlantic Towing Ltd., however the cargo shifted and the barge tipped, sending the turbines and the road transport vehicle into Saint John Harbour. 
* In late November 2008, the Atlantic Towing Ltd. dredging barge ''Shovel Master'' was being towed by the company's tugboat ''Atlantic Larch'' from Saint John to Halifax for a refit when it foundered in heavy seas ((convert|20|nmi|km|abbr=on)) west of [[Yarmouth, Nova Scotia|Yarmouth, NS]].  The barge crew of 3 was rescued by a [[CH-149 Cormorant]] search and rescue helicopter before the barge capsized.  Several ATL tugboats and commercial divers responded and a tow line was secured to the capsized, yet floating, barge by the tugboat ''[[Atlantic Oak]]''.  The barge was towed ((convert|45|nmi|km|abbr=on)) south of Yarmouth however it sank in ((convert|150|m|ft|abbr=on)), carrying ((convert|70000|L|USgal|abbr=on)) of diesel fuel, as well as ((convert|1000|L|USgal|abbr=on)) of hydraulic fluid and ((convert|5000|L|USgal|abbr=on)) of [[waste oil]].

== Controversies==

J.D. Irving’s ownership of most major media outlets in New Brunswick has led to ongoing concern regarding control of the media. A report from the [[Canadian Senate]] in 2006, on media control in Canada singled out New Brunswick because of the Irving companies' ownership of all [[English language|English-language]] daily newspapers in the province, including the [[Telegraph-Journal]]. Senator [[Joan Fraser]], author of the Senate report, stated, "We didn't find anywhere else in the developed world a situation like the situation in New Brunswick."<ref name="CBC Feds">((cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/feds-must-examine-irving-media-empire-fraser-1.677605 | title=CBC: Feds must examine Irving media empire|date=2007-10-12|access-date=2016-03-24))</ref> The report went further, stating, "the Irvings' corporate interests form an industrial-media complex that dominates the province" to a degree "unique in developed countries." At the Senate hearing, journalists and academics cited Irving newspapers' lack of critical reporting on the family's influential businesses.<ref name="The Star">((cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2009/06/17/hot_scoop_burns_reporter_at_irving_paper.html | title=The Star: Hot scoop burns reporter at Irving paper |date=2009-06-17|access-date=2016-03-24))</ref>

==Divisions==
The following is a list of notable divisions of J.D. Irving, Ltd.

* [[Irving Tissue Company Limited|Irving Tissue Co. Ltd.]]
[[File:Atlantic_Griffon.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Atlantic Towing-owned ''Atlantic Griffon'' in [[St. John's Harbour]] in 2023]]
* [[New Brunswick Railway|New Brunswick Railway Co. Ltd.]]
** [[New Brunswick Southern Railway|New Brunswick Southern Railway Co. Ltd.]]
** [[Eastern Maine Railway (1995)|Eastern Maine Railway Co. Ltd.]]
** [[Maine Northern Railway|Maine Northern Railway Co. Ltd.]]
* [[Saint John Shipbuilding]]
* [[Halifax Shipyard]]
* [[Irving Tissue]] (Royale, Scotties, private labels)
* [[Cavendish Farms]] (frozen potato processing)
* [[Irving Equipment]] (crane rental, heavy lifting, specialized transportation, pile driving and project management services)
* [[Moncton Wildcats]]
* [[Brunswick News]]
** ''[[Telegraph-Journal]]'' ([[Saint John, New Brunswick|Saint John NB]])
** ''[[Times & Transcript]]'' ([[Moncton, New Brunswick|Moncton NB]])
** ''[[The Daily Gleaner]]'' ([[Fredericton, New Brunswick|Fredericton NB]])
** ''[[Bugle-Observer|The Bugle-Observer]]'' ([[Woodstock, New Brunswick|Woodstock NB]])

=== A selection of former subsidiaries===
* [[Acadian Lines Ltd]]
* [[Pictou Shipyard]]

===East Isle Shipyard===

'''East Isle Shipyard''' is a shipbuilding facility in [[Georgetown, Prince Edward Island]] and owned by Irving.<ref>((cite web| url = https://www.irvingshipbuilding.com/irving-shipbuilding-facilities-east-isle-shipyard.aspx| title = Irving Shipbuilding: Home))</ref> The small shipyard is located on Water Street with single slipway along Georgetown Harbour. It is the sole shipbuilding facility in the province.

It was founded as Bathurst Marine in [[Bathurst, New Brunswick]] in 1961,<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.can1business.com/company/Dissolved/Bathurst-Marine-Ltd|title=Canada Business Listing))</ref> before moving to Georgetown in 1965.<ref name="shipbuildinghistory.com">((Cite web|url=http://shipbuildinghistory.com/canadayards/eastisle.htm|title = East Isle Shipyard Georgetown PEI))</ref> The facility has operated in various names but with current name since the 1990s.<ref name="shipbuildinghistory.com"/>

The yard built trawlers in the 1960s, the diversified in the 1970s, before it began to specialize in tugs in the 1990s.<ref name="shipbuildinghistory.com"/>

In 2010, the shipyard laid off staff due to lack of orders.<ref>((cite web| url = https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/layoffs-at-east-isle-shipyard-1.880712| title = Layoffs at East Isle Shipyard ((!)) CBC News)) </ref>

Notable ships built here include:

* [[Atlantic Spruce (tug)|''Atlantic Spruce'']] fireboat tug (1995)
* [[Atlantic Oak]] tugboat (2004)
* [[Royal Canadian Navy]]'s [[Glen class tug (1975)|Glen class tugs]]:
**[[CFAV Glenevis (YTB 642)]] (1976)
**[[CFAV Glenbrook (YTB 643)]] (1976)
**[[CFAV Glenside (YTB 644)]] (1977)


==Citations==
((Reflist|30em))
==References==
((refbegin|35em|indent=yes))
* ((Cite encyclopedia |ref=((sfnref|Canadian Encyclopedia|2020)) |first1=Sarah |last1=Ratchford |first2=Peter S. |last2=Anderson |first3=Sasha |last3=Yusufali |title=Irving Group of Companies |orig-year=August 6, 2009 |date=January 14, 2020 |access-date=December 30, 2022 |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/irving-group))
((refend))

==External links==
* [http://www.jdirving.com Official website]
* [http://www.irvingequipment.com J.D. Irving, Equipment Division]

((Irving Group of Companies))
[[Category:Irving Group of Companies]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Food and drink companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Pulp and paper companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Transport companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Companies based in Saint John, New Brunswick]]

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