JKT48 (read as "J. K. T. forty-eight") is an Indonesian-Japanese idol girl group whose name is derived from its based city of Jakarta and the Japanese idol group AKB48. Formed in 2011, the group is the first AKB48 sister group outside Japan and adopts the concept of "idols you can meet",[1] before switching to "idols that will come to meet you" since April 2018. The group opened their own theater on the 4th floor of fX Sudirman shopping mall in early September 2012, where fans can attend daily performances every day except Monday. The theater was built as a close replica to the AKB48 Theater in Akihabara.[citation needed]
While JKT48 does not restrict membership by nationality, applicants must be residents of Indonesia. As of 11 February 2024, the group has 56 individual members.[2]
On 16 February 2013, JKT48 released its first studio album Heavy Rotation via Hits Records, a division of MNC subsidiary PT Star Media Nusantara. The group typically performs songs of AKB48 and other sister groups that are translated into Indonesian.[3] The group released their first original single, "Rapsodi", in January 2020.[4]
Conception
Much like AKB48, the female Japanese idol group formed in 2005 in Akihabara, Tokyo, JKT48 is based on the concept of idols with whom fans can greet and develop connections with. JKT48 takes its name from the group's base city of Jakarta, Indonesia.[5] The country was seen as a potential market for the idol business because of its relatively young population and the popularity of Japanese manga series. In order to bring the concept of AKB48 to Indonesia, producer Yasushi Akimoto and Dentsu Media Group Indonesia partnered with the country's largest media conglomerate, Global Mediacom, and Rakuten.[6]
In an interview on CNN's TalkAsia program, Akimoto responded to the question of why he selected Indonesia as the first target of AKB48's overseas expansion:
"People in Indonesia were interested in AKB48. That is why we decided to try it in Jakarta. Kids watched AKB on the internet and they want to do the same, but they don't know whether they have talent. Also it's difficult [for them] to go to Japan to audition."[7]
History
2011–2012: Formation
JKT48 performs in September 2012
On 11 September 2011, the formation of JKT48 was announced at an AKB48 event held at Makuhari Messe in Chiba, Japan.[8] Applicant interviews took place the following weeks, in late September 2011, and the first auditions were held a month after the initial announcement, from 8–9 October 2011.[1] AKB48 member Minami Takahashi also visited Jakarta during the audition to promote JKT48 among fans of AKB48.[9] Although applicants did not have to be Indonesian citizens, they did have to already reside in the country.[10] Approximately 1,200 girls auditioned for the group, and 51 were selected to proceed to the second round. Finalists were judged based on their dance performance of "Heavy Rotation", from AKB48's single of the same name, and their performance of a song of their choice.[11] JKT48's 28 first generation members, ages 12–21, were selected on 2 November 2011.[12]
On 17 December 2011, JKT48 made its first public appearance on the live music program 100% Ampuh on Global TV, performing "Heavy Rotation", with lyrics translated into Indonesian.[13]
JKT48 Theater at fX Sudirman in 2012 (up) and 2020 (down)
As part of the group's core concept, AKB48 performs daily at its theater in Akihabara.[14] The JKT48 management team aimed to accomplish this same principle and began scouting locations in Jakarta for the group's own theater in early 2012. An unoccupied site in the fX Sudirman shopping mall was selected as the theater's eventual location, and planning for its renovation began in April.[15] In the meantime, the first theater performances were held 17–20 May 2012 at a temporary stage in the Nyi Ageng Serang Building in Kuningan, Jakarta.[16] The official theater opened on 8 September 2012 for daily performances with a set list of 16 songs that have been translated into Indonesian. The theater first had a seating capacity of 180 and standing room for 30, and its design is a close replica of the AKB48 Theater.[17] Currently it holds around 350 people, both seated and standing.
JKT48 has also performed in Japan alongside other AKB48 sister groups. In its first performance in Japan, the group was a surprise guest at 2011 AKB48 Kōhaku Taikō Uta Gassen and performed the Indonesian version of "Aitakatta".[18] It also performed alongside AKB48 and other sister groups at the 62nd NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen with a total 210 members onstage.[19][20] It also participated in the 2012 AKB48 concerts at Saitama Super Arena and Tokyo Dome.[21][22]
On 13 August 2012, management began accepting applications for second generation members. Of the 4,500 applicants, approximately 200 were selected for interviews the following month. The pool was then narrowed down from 67 to 31 in a selection round held by RCTI.[23] All 31 finalists were eventually chosen as second generation members at a final audition on 3 November in Japan.[24] Additionally, AKB48 members Aki Takajō and Haruka Nakagawa, whose transfers to JKT48 were announced at the Tokyo Dome concert, officially began their activities with the group on 1 November and made their theater debut on 26 December.[25] Nakagawa became interested in Jakarta during a visit with other members of AKB48 earlier in February 2012.[26]
2013–2020
The group's logo
JKT48 was scheduled to release its debut album in January 2013, but production was hampered because of flooding in Jakarta.[27] To celebrate the release, the group's management team had distributed 100,000 free CD singles. Each single featured an Indonesian version of one of four songs: "Heavy Rotation"; "Kimi no Koto ga Suki Dakara"; "Baby! Baby! Baby!"; and "Ponytail to Shushu".[28] Members, some of whom had been directly affected by the flooding, later held a charity event in order to raise funds for the city's relief efforts.[29] The debut album, entitled Heavy Rotation, had a limited release at the JKT48 Theater on 16 February 2013 and went on sale in music stores nationwide on 2 March.[30] All of the four songs aforementioned were included in the album.[28] Throughout 2013, JKT48 released four singles: "River" (11 May), "Apakah Apakah Kau Melihat Mentari Senja?" (3 July), "Fortune Cookie yang Mencinta" (21 August), and "Musim Panas Sounds Good!" (26 November).[31] The third single was released concurrently with its parent group AKB48.[32]
On 28 January 2014, JKT48 announced the names of 63 finalists who were vying to become JKT48 trainees in the third generation.[33] On 15 February, the group announced and performed their fifth single "Flying Get".[34] On 24 February 2014, Rina Chikano was transferred from AKB48 to JKT48, with Aki Takajo and Rena Nozawa's concurrent positions being cancelled.[35]
On 26 April 2014, JKT48 finished its first annual senbatsu election, with the 16 ranked members going to appear in JKT48's 6th single, Gingham Check, released on 11 June 2014.[36] On 27 August 2014 the group released "Papan Penanda Isi Hati", with Shania Junianatha taking the center position for the first time, and Rina Chikano and Thalia Ivanka Elizabeth appearing in the senbatsu for the first time. The single was released concurrently with AKB48, the second consecutive year of such.[37] The group's 8th single, "Angin Sedang Berhembus", was released on 24 December 2014.[38][39]
On 20 February 2015, JKT48 held a collaboration concert with AKB48 in Jakarta. 15 members of AKB48 was sent to Jakarta for the concert, including Yui Yokoyama, Rie Kitahara and Asuka Kuramochi.[40] On 27 March 2015, JKT48 released its 9th single, Pareo wa Emerald.[41]
On 2 May 2015, JKT48 held its second senbatsu election, with the 16 ranking members are featured in the group's 10th single Kibōteki Refrain, Jessica Veranda displaced Melody Laksani to win the election.[42][43] On 26 August 2015, JKT48 released its 11th single, Halloween Night, the third consecutive year of concurrent single release with AKB48.[44]
On 28 September 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, one member was announced to be positive for COVID-19.[46] Over the next month, two more members of the team had also been announced to be positive as well.[47][48]
In November 2020, JKT48 announced it would forcibly mass-graduate its members and staffs following the group's crisis due to the pandemic. The group had previously announced the 10th generation members of the group, consisted of 11 members, but cancelled their debut following the announcement.[49] On 11 January 2021, the group announced 26 of its members would leave the group, leaving only 33 members.[50] They officially left the group mid-March 2021.[51] All three teams were then dissolved and the academy stopped its operation.[52]
On 18 December 2021, the group re-introduced 8 of the 11 tenth generation members.[53] The group also announced the creation of a new single, to be produced by Matt Rad and August Rigo.[54]
As of 11 February 2024, the group individually consists of 56 members: 28 regular members, 11 trainees from the eleventh generation, and 17 trainees from the twelfth generation.[2]
Adhisty Zara as leading actress 3 members (Eve Antoinette Ichwan, Melati Putri Rahel Sesilia, Thalia Ivanka Elizabeth) as bit actresses 1 member (Citra Ayu Pranajaya Wibrado) as bit actress leaves the group before the film's release
JKT48 follows its Japanese sister group AKB48 in order to boost the record sales through a variety of marketing strategies. The main track for each single is sung by a team of "All Stars" (選抜, senbatsu, selection) consisting of popular members from JKT48's teams, with one of the girls selected as the center performer or Center. The singles and albums are released in different types with alternate type and voting codes for annual election contests.[62] Alan Swarts of MTV Japan has noted that collectors purchasing multiple copies of AKB48 CDs have inflated the market, and is one of the reasons Japan's music industry has been booming.[63] Six elections have been held; most recently in 2019.
Beby of JKT48 greets fans at an autograph event in 2012.
JKT48 is billed as a "unique idol group with Indonesian culture". Harris Thayeb, President Director of the group's promotional agent Dentsu Media Group Indonesia, believed the group's concept "will make our idols more down to earth, being always nice and able to be greeted anytime".[12] The group was seen as part of the "Cool Japan" brand adopted by the Japanese government to promote the country's culture around the world.[64]
On 25 February 2012, JKT48 held a joint concert with AKB48 at the Japan Pop Culture Festival at Balai Kartini in Jakarta. The event was sponsored by the Embassy of Japan, the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs, and the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy. According to Junji Shimada, deputy to the Japanese ambassador, AKB48 was invited to perform because of its status as a Japanese pop icon, and the two sister groups represent the friendship between Japan and Indonesia.[65]
JKT48 appeared in television shows almost daily after its debut and in television advertisements by Japanese companies that intend to capture a share of the rapidly growing Indonesian market. Otsuka Pharmaceutical hired JKT48 to promote the company's Pocari Sweat beverages one month after the group's first members were announced. Sharp Corporation selected JKT48 to appear at the company's promotional events, and Yamaha Motor Company hired the group in order to promote its line of fuel efficient Mio J scooters to Indonesian teens.[64]Ezaki Glico also featured the group in its advertisements as part of an effort to grow sales in Indonesia to over Rp1 billion.[66]
Teenagers and single young men make up the largest portion of the JKT48 and AKB48 fan base. Furthermore, some believe JKT48's idol concept does not fit the Indonesian culture.[67]
"インドネシア・ジャカルタで「JKT48」始動！ AKB48海外初の姉妹グループ誕生へ" ["JKT48" Launches in Jakarta, Indonesia! Toward the Birth of Overseas AKB48 Sister Groups] (in Japanese). Oricon. 11 September 2011. Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
"AKB48、さいたまSA最終日に前田卒業＆総選挙開催発表" [Atsuko Maeda's Graduation and General Election Announced at AKB48's Final Day at Saitama Super Arena] (in Japanese). Natalie. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"AKB48ドーム最終日に前田敦子号泣「私の青春の全て」" [Atsuko Maeda Cries "My Entire Youth" at AKB48's Final Day at Tokyo Dome] (in Japanese). Natalie. 27 August 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"AKB48、初の紅白歌合戦イベントは大島優子率いる白組優勝" [Yūko Ōshima Leads White Team to Victory in First AKB48 Kōhaku Taikō Uta Gassen] (in Japanese). Natalie. 21 December 2011. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"JKT48 ： 移籍の高城＆仲川がお披露目 「AKB超え」宣言" [JKT48: Debut of Transferees Takajō and Nakagawa, Declares "We Will Surpass AKB"] (in Japanese). 4 November 2012. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"JKT48高城＆仲川、26日に劇場デビュー決定" [JKT48's Takajō and Nakagawa Confirmed to Make Theater Debut on the 26th] (in Japanese). Oricon. 10 December 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"JKT48、母国で「ヘビロテ」初パフォーマンス＆初握手会" [JKT48: First Performance of Japan's "Heavy Rotation" & First Handshake Event] (in Japanese). Natalie. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
〈速報〉たかみな ＪＫＴ48に「イズム」注入 [News Brief: Takamina Brings "-ism" to JKT48]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). 5 October 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
Hadiyanti, Nanda (22 January 2013). "Ini Pemenang Dahsyatnya Awards 2013" [These Are the Winners of Dahsyatnya Awards 2013]. Tempo (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
Hadiyanti, Nanda (22 January 2013). "Siapa Kandidat Dahsyat Awards 2013?" [Who Are the Candidates for Dahsyat Awards 2013?]. Tempo (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
Hardian, Edi (16 January 2013). "Daftar Pemenang 100% Ampuh Awards 2013" [100% Ampuh Awards Winners List] (in Indonesian). Okezone.com. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
Hardian, Edi (16 February 2013). "JKT 48 Luncurkan Heavy Rotation" [JKT48 Launches Heavy Rotation] (in Indonesian). Okezone.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
"JKT48 Belum Mampu Tarik Minat Kalangan Dewasa" [JKT48 Not Yet Able to Capture Interest of Adults]. Halo Jepang! (in Indonesian). Bina Komunika Asiatama. 27 December 2012. Archived from the original on 30 December 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
Maruli, Aditia (8 September 2012). "JKT48 punya Theater JKT48" [JKT48 Opens JKT48 Theater] (in Indonesian). Antara. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"Seluruh Finalis JKT48 Generasi 2 Lulus Seleksi" [All JKT48 Second Generation Finalists Pass Selection]. Halo Jepang! (in Indonesian). Bina Komunika Asiatama. 5 November 2012. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
組閣後新体制 [Post-Reorganization Lineup] (in Japanese). AKS. 24 August 2012. Retrieved 8 February 2013.
"Apa Itu AKB48" [What Is AKB48?] (in Indonesian). JKT48 Operation Team. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
Bibliography
Galbraith, Patrick W. (2012). "Idols: Desire in Japanese Consumer Capitalism". In Galbraith, Patrick W.; Karlin, Jason G. (eds.). Idols and Celebrity in Japanese Media Culture. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN978-0-230-29830-9.
Ogino, Toshiyuki; Ohira, Akira (2012). Uchino, Emi; Kuriyama, Haruka; Iwasaki, Haruka (eds.). Love JKT48: The 1st Official Guide Book. Jakarta: Dunia Otomotifindo Mediatama. ISBN978-979-23-5755-4.
