JNR Class C12
Taiwan Railways Class CK120
North China Transport Class PureA (プレA)
China Railways Class PL51
Vietnam Railways Class 131
Indonesian State Railways Class C32
Preserved C12 66, on the Mooka Railway, March 2012
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Builder
Build date1932–1947
Total produced282
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-6-2T
 • UIC1′C1′ h2t
Gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Driver dia.1,400 mm (55+1⁄8 in)
Length11,350 mm (37 ft 2+3⁄4 in)
Height3,900 mm (12 ft 9+1⁄2 in)
Axle load10.90 tonnes (10.73 long tons; 12.02 short tons)
Adhesive weight32.00 tonnes (31.49 long tons; 35.27 short tons)
Loco weight50.05 tonnes (49.26 long tons; 55.17 short tons)
Fuel capacity1.50 tonnes (1.48 long tons; 1.65 short tons)
Water cap.5,500 litres (1,200 imp gal; 1,500 US gal)
Firebox:​
 • Grate area1.30 m2 (14.0 sq ft)
Boiler:
​
 • Tube plates3,200 mm (10 ft 6 in)
 • Small tubes45 mm (1+3⁄4 in), 68 off
 • Large tubes127 mm (5 in), 16 off
Boiler pressure14.0 kg/cm2 (1.37 MPa; 199 psi)
Heating surface53.5 m2 (576 sq ft) ​
 • Tubes and flues46.1 m2 (496 sq ft)
 • Firebox7.4 m2 (80 sq ft)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area19.8 m2 (213 sq ft)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size400 by 610 millimetres (15+3⁄4 in × 24 in)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Power output505 PS (371 kW; 498 hp)
Tractive effort81.356 kN (18,290 lbf)
Career
Operators
Class
  • JGR/JNR: C12
  • NCTC: プレA
  • CR: PL51
  • TRA: CK120
  • VR: 131
  • IR: C32
Number in class
  • JGR/JNR: 282
  • NCTC: 60
  • CR: 60
  • TRA: 7
  • IR: 2
Numbers
  • JGR/JNR: C12 1–C12 282
  • NCTC: プレA1501−プレA1560
  • TRA: CK121−CK127
  • IR: C3201-C3202
Retired1970,(Japan),1971-1976,(Vietnam),1975-1983,(China),1982-1989,(Taiwan),1984-1992,(Indonesia)

The Class C12 is a type of 2-6-2T steam locomotive built by the Japanese Government Railways and the Japanese National Railways from 1932 to 1947. A total of 282 Class C12 locomotives were built and designed by Hideo Shima.

Service outside Japan

North China Transport プレA, China Railways PL51, Vietnam Railways 131

From 1938 to 1939, 60 C12s were converted to metre gauge and shipped to the North China Transportation Company, where they operated primarily between Zhengding and Taiyuan. They were classified プレA (PureA). In 1939 Shijiazhuang–Taiyuan Railway was converted to standard gauge, these locomotives removed to Datong–Puzhou Railway north section. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, they were taken over by the China Railway, where they were classified ㄆㄌ51 in 1951, and PL51 in 1959.[1] In 1956 the Datong–Puzhou Railway north section was reconverted to standard gauge, they were transferred to Vietnam, and they were classified 131.[2]

Taiwan Railways Administration CK120

From 1936 to 1941, the Nippon-Sharyo was built in 7 C12s for Governor-General of Taiwan Railway. After World War II, they were taken over by Taiwan Railways Administration, and they were classified CK120.[3] CK124 is preserved at Changhua Locomotive Depot.

Indonesian State Railways Class C32

In 1943, the Imperial Japanese Army sent two locomotives, C12 94 and C12 168, to Surabaya, Java for a military transport with a 1067 mm gauge. They were based at Sidotopo depot.[4] The original knuckle coupler were replaced with Norwegian coupler.[5] After the war, the two locomotives were received by the Indonesian Railways and were classed as C32. The Indonesian Railways only used them as shunters for goods wagons in Surabaya area as their profile are too big for Indonesian Railways loading gauge.[5] Both of the locomotives were scrapped around 1980s.[4]

Preserved examples

26 Class C12 locomotives are preserved, as listed below, with four in working order.

Operational


Static

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to C12 steam locomotives.

References

  1. ^ C12 class in Vietnam _Kurogane No Michi
  2. ^ 131 Class_2-6-2 Tank Locomotive _Railways in Vietnam website
  3. ^ CK120 class Archived 2017-03-30 at the Wayback Machine _Kurogane No Michi
  4. ^ a b Prayogo, Prabowo, Radityo 2017, p. 83
  5. ^ a b "LOKOMOTIF UAP C32". jalanbaja.medarrieworks.com (in Indonesian). 26 February 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Sasada, Masahiro (September 2012). 国鉄&JR保存車大全 [JNR & JR Preserved Rolling Stock Complete Guide]. Tokyo, Japan: Ikaros Publications Ltd. pp. 131–132. ISBN 978-4863206175.
  7. ^ 内子駅前のC12 231の修復工事が完成 [Renovation of C12 231 preserved in front of Uchiko Station complete]. Japan Railfan Magazine Online (in Japanese). Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. 25 December 2014. Retrieved 25 December 2014.
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