Japanese 2-8-2 steam locomotive
JNR Class D51 Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Hideo Shima Builder Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company Build date 1936-1951 Total produced 1115 (Japan)
Specifications Gauge 1,067 mm 3 ft 6 in )1,435 mm (4 ft 8+ 1 ⁄2 in ) (KNR Mika7)Length 8+ 3 ⁄4 in)Loco weight 76.8 t (75.6 long tons; 84.7 short tons)[1] Total weight 123.0 t (121.1 long tons; 135.6 short tons)
Performance figures Maximum speed 85 km/h (55 mph) Tractive effort 184.3 kN (41,400 lbf )
Career Numbers JNR : D51 1-D954,D51 1001-1161 (Japan) TRA : DT651-687 (Taiwan) Soviet Railways : D51-1-D51-30 (Soviet Union) KNR : 1701-1702 (Korea) Manila Railroad : 300-309 (Philippines) Retired 1956 (Philippines) Disposition 174 preserved, five operational, 6 converted into JNR Class D61 (Japan)
The Class D51 (D51形 is a type of 2-8-2 steam locomotive built by the Japanese Government Railways (JGR), the Japanese National Railways (JNR), and Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company , Kisha Seizo , Hitachi , Nippon Sharyo , Mitsubishi , and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries from 1936 to 1945 and 1950 to 1951. 174 were preserved in Japan but 5 out of the 174 are operational leaving only 169 on display .
Design and operation
The design of class D51 was based on the earlier D50 , introduced in 1923. Wartime production featured some substitution of wood for steel parts like running boards, smoke deflectors and tender coal bunkers. A total of 1,115 D51s were built,[2] Namekuji-gata ("slug -form") for their shape. The locomotive was designed by Hideo Shima . It was used mainly in freight service through the 1960s. Some D51s were fitted with the Giesl ejector in Hokkaido to conserve on fuel.[3]
Service outside Japan
Soviet Railways D51
The 30 specially built D51s that were left on Sakhalin (formerly Karafuto ) by the retreating Japanese at the end of the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) and after the Soviet-Japanese War (1945) , were used from 1945 until 1979 by Soviet Railways . One was left outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station, and one is in running condition and is kept at the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station. Additionally two wrecks were left to the north of the city.[4]
Korean National Railways Mika7
Two locomotives were built for the Korean National Railroad in 1950 by Mitsubishi for South Korea during the Korean War . Designated Mika7 (미카7) class, they were nearly identical to JNR class D51 except for the gauge.[5]
Manila Railroad 300 class (1951)
According to the a journal published in 1956, ten locomotives were built by Nippon Sharyo for the Manila Railroad Company . These entered service in 1951. Numbered the 300 class, they were named after the cog locomotive class built in the 1910s for the Manila Railway. These locomotives differed from the rest of the D51 builds through the lack of smoke deflectors .[6]
The locomotives had a short service life in the Philippines as Manila Railroad ordered the dieselization of its entire network, having all steam locomotives retired by 1956.[7]
Taiwan Railways Administration DT650
DT668 on a trial run in Taiwan in November 2011 From 1936 to 1944, Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō and Hitachi had built 32 D51s for Imperial Taiwan Railway. After World War II , they were taken over by Taiwan Railways Administration , and were classified DT650 . In 1951, Kisha Seizō built three DT650s and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries built two DT650s for Taiwan Railways Administration.[8]
Classification
The classification consists of a "D" for the four sets of driving wheels and the class number 51 for tender locomotives that the numbers 50 through 99 were assigned to under the 1928 locomotive classification rule .
Preserved examples
Over 173 Class D51 locomotives are preserved in Japan. D51 498 was restored by JR East and pulls special-event trains on JR East lines.[9]
The following is a list of preserved locomotives as of July 2023.[10]
Operational
D51 200 at the Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum in December 2011 D51 146 : Operated on the Mooka Railway , runs on compressed air. (Semi-operational)D51 200 : Preserved in operational condition by JR West at the Kyoto Railway Museum , and is operating on Yamaguchi Line since November 2017.D51 320 : Operated at a railway museum in Abira, Hokkaido on compressed air. (Semi-operational)D51 498 : Operated by JR East, based at Takasaki Rolling Stock Center[9] [11] D51 827 : Operated at Aridagawa Railway Park in Wakayama Prefecture , runs on compressed air.Built in 1938 at the JNR Hamamatsu Works, locomotive number D51 200 has been overhauled and restored to operational condition for use as SL Yamaguchi and SL Kitabiwako starting in 2017.[12]
Static preservation
D51 1 : Preserved at Kyoto Railway Museum D51 2 : Previously preserved at the Modern Transportation Museum in Osaka, and moved to the Tsuyama Roundhouse next to Tsuyama Station in Okayama Prefecture in March 2015[13] D51 6 : Preserved in a park in Asahikawa, Hokkaido D51 8 : Preserved in a park in Amagasaki, Hyogo D51 10 : Preserved at a community centre in Yukuhashi, Fukuoka D51 11 : Preserved in a park in Sapporo, Hokkaido D51 14 : Preserved in a park in Nagareyama, Chiba D51 18 : Preserved in Tokiwa park, Ube, Yamaguchi D51 25 : Preserved in a park in Sanda, Hyogo D51 47 : Preserved in a park in Iwamizawa, Hokkaido D51 59 : Preserved in a park in Tatsuno, Nagano D51 66 : Preserved at Kawanishi Elementary School in Seika, Kyoto D51 68 : Preserved at Koiwai Farm in Shizukuishi, Iwate D51 70 : Preserved at Sakura Transport Park in Tsukuba, Ibaraki D51 75 : Preserved in a park in Joetsu, Niigata D51 86 : Preserved at "Flower Park" in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka D51 89 : Preserved in a park in Toyohashi, Aichi D51 95 : Preserved at Shintoku Ski Slope in Shintoku, Hokkaido D51 96 : Preserved at Usui Pass Railway Heritage Park in Annaka, Gunma D51 101 : Preserved in Chuo Park in Shimada, Shizuoka D51 103 : Preserved in a park in Iwakuni, Yamaguchi D51 113 : Preserved in Chuo Park in Misawa, Aomori D51 118 : Preserved in Kotesashi Park in Tokorozawa, Saitama D51 125 : Preserved next to the Funabashi Historical Museum in Funabashi, Chiba D51 140 : Preserved in Arakawa Park in Kumagaya, Saitama D51 155 : Preserved outside Shiojiri City Office in Shiojiri, Nagano D51 158 : Preserved outside a community centre in Ibaraki, Osaka D51 159 : Preserved in a park in Iwanai, Hokkaido D51 165 : Preserved in a park in Nanto, Toyama D51 170 : Preserved in front of Yatake Station in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto D51 172 : Preserved in a park in Matsumoto, Nagano D51 176 : Preserved in a park in Hita, Oita D51 187 : Preserved in front of JR East's Omiya Workshops, Saitama, Saitama D51 194 : Preserved in front of Tsuwano Station in Tsuwano, Shimane D51 195 : Preserved in a park in Yonago, Tottori D51 201 : Preserved outside Gamagori Museum in Gamagori, Aichi D51 206 : Preserved in a park next to Saga City Office in Saga, Saga (numberplates have been changed)[10] D51 209 : Preserved in a park in Ina, Nagano D51 211 : Preserved at Oji Zoo in Kobe, Hyogo D51 222 : Preserved in Yogi Park, Naha, Okinawa D51 231 : Preserved outside the National Museum of Nature and Science in Taito, Tokyo D51 232 : Preserved at Omoriyama Zoo in Akita, Akita D51 237 : Preserved at Naebo Works in Sapporo, Hokkaido D51 238 : Preserved at a community centre in Kiso, Nagano D51 243 : Preserved in Izu, Shizuoka D51 244 : Preserved at a children's museum in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka D51 245 : Preserved at a community centre in Sakaki, Nagano D51 254 : Preserved in Suginami Jidō Kōtsū Park in Suginami, Tokyo D51 260 : Preserved in a park in Namerikawa, Toyama D51 264 : Preserved in a park in Koriyama, Fukushima D51 266 : Preserved in a park in Nakatsugawa, Gifu D51 270 : Preserved in Yokote Park in Yokote, Akita D51 272 : Preserved in Setagaya Park in Setagaya, Tokyo D51 286 : Preserved in Otaru, Hokkaido D51 296 : Preserved in Fuchū Transport Park in Fuchū, Tokyo D51 297 : Preserved in Takikawa, Hokkaido D51 300 : Preserved in a park in Sanyo-Onoda, Yamaguchi D51 303 : Preserved in a park in Tottori, Tottori D51 311 : Preserved in SL Park in Kitami, Hokkaido D51 312 : Preserved in Sakurayama Park in Fukagawa, Hokkaido D51 333 : Preserved in Shiraoi, Hokkaido D51 337 : Preserved in Wassamu, Hokkaido D51 345 : Preserved in Taishiyama Park in Taishi, Hyogo D51 349 : Preserved in Okaya, Nagano D51 351 : Preserved in SL Park in Nagiso, Nagano D51 370 : Preserved in a park in Akita, Akita D51 385 : Preserved in a park in Kamagaya, Chiba D51 395 : Preserved at Tokuyama Zoo in Shunan, Yamaguchi D51 397 : Preserved in a park in Shibetsu, Hokkaido D51 398 : Preserved in Nayoro Park in Nayoro, Hokkaido D51 401 : Preserved at Suzaka Zoo in Suzaka, Nagano D51 402 : Preserved at a community centre in Iida, Nagano D51 403 : Preserved in a park in Ritto, Shiga D51 405 : Preserved in a park in Matsudo, Chiba D51 408 : Preserved at a museum in Kawasaki, Kanagawa D51 409 : Preserved at Yamazaki Mazak Corporation Minokamo Factory in Minokamo, Gifu D51 422 : Preserved in a park in Onomichi, Hiroshima D51 426 : (Front end only) Preserved at JR East Railway Museum , Saitama, Saitama (Cab section is used as a driving simulator)D51 428 : Preserved in Higashi-Chofu Park in Ota, Tokyo D51 444 : Preserved at the SL Hiroba in Kitami, Hokkaido D51 451 : Preserved in Showa Park in Akishima, Tokyo D51 452 : Preserved at Ome Railway Park in Ōme, Tokyo D51 453 : Preserved in Nishiguchi No. 1 Park in Kashiwa, Chiba D51 469 : Preserved in a park in Takaishi, Osaka D51 470 : Preserved in Bairin Park in Gifu, Gifu D51 481 : Preserved in Minamiechizen, Fukui D51 483 : Preserved in Azumino, Nagano D51 485 : Preserved in a park in Nobeoka, Miyazaki D51 486 : Preserved at JR East's Nagano Depot in Nagano, Nagano D51 488 : Preserved at the Wako Museum in Yasugi, Shimane D51 499 : Preserved in a park in Tsu, Mie D51 502 : Preserved in Kamichiba Sunahara Park in Katsushika, Tokyo D51 512 : Preserved in a park in Shibata, Niigata D51 513 : Preserved in a park in Itabashi, Tokyo D51 515 : Preserved in a park in Mito, Ibaraki D51 516 : Preserved in Honmoku Shimin Park in Yokohama, Kanagawa D51 522 : Preserved in a park in Kanazawa, Ishikawa D51 541 : Preserved in a park in Hyuga, Miyazaki D51 542 : Preserved inside JR Kyushu's Okura Works in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka (sectioned)[10] D51 549 : Preserved outside an elementary school in Nagano, Nagano D51 560 : Preserved in Muroran, Hokkaido D51 561 : Preserved in Kawaba, Gunma (operated at a ski resort hotel using compressed air until 2016)[10] D51 565 : Preserved in a park in Saroma, Hokkaido D51 566 : Preserved in Akabira, Hokkaido (not on public display)[10] D51 592 : Preserved in Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi D51 603 : Preserved in the "19th Century Hall" at Torokko Saga Station in Kyoto (Front section only)[10] D51 607 : Preserved in a park in Fukui, Fukui D51 609 : Preserved in a park in Narita, Chiba D51 663 : Preserved at a culture centre in Towada, Aomori D51 688 : Preserved in Minami Park in Okazaki, Aichi D51 691 : Preserved in a park in Tenri, Nara D51 714 : Preserved in a park in Kagoshima, Kagoshima D51 718 : Preserved in a park in Ichinomiya, Aichi D51 720 : Preserved in a park in Hiroshima, Hiroshima D51 724 : Preserved in Ekimae Park in Shibukawa, Gunma D51 735 : Preserved in Murakami, Niigata D51 737 : Preserved in Nagi Park in Yuasa, Wakayama D51 745 : Preserved in front of Minakami Station in Minakami, Gunma D51 762 : Preserved in a park in Hachinohe, Aomori D51 764 : Preserved in Suita, Osaka D51 768 : Preserved in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi D51 769 : Preserved outside a museum in Omi, Nagano D51 774 : Preserved outside the former Taisha Station in Izumo, Shimane D51 775 : Preserved in front of Kiso-Fukushima Station in Kiso, Nagano D51 777 : Preserved in a park in Kariya, Aichi D51 787 : Preserved in Miyota, Nagano D51 792 : Preserved in a park in Kasugai, Aichi D51 793 : Preserved at Nagahama Railway Square in Nagahama, Shiga D51 813 : Preserved outside a community centre in Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi D51 822 : Preserved in front of Mattō Station in Hakusan, Ishikawa D51 823 : Preserved in a park in Inazawa, Aichi D51 824 : Preserved in Suwa, Nagano D51 828 : Preserved in Heiwa Kannon Temple in Awaji, Hyogo (closed and not open to the public)[10] D51 831 : Preserved in a park in Iga, Mie D51 837 : Preserved in a park in Komagane, Nagano D51 838 : Preserved in a car park in Niimi, Okayama D51 842 : Preserved in a park in Kurashiki, Okayama D51 849 : Preserved in a park in Toyota, Aichi D51 853 : Preserved in Asukayama Park in Kita, Tokyo D51 859 : Preserved in a park in Engaru, Hokkaido D51 860 : Preserved in a park in Fukuyama, Hiroshima D51 862 : Preserved in Machida, Tokyo D51 882 : Preserved in Ibaraki, Osaka D51 885 : Preserved in Fukaya, Saitama D51 889 : Preserved in a park in Soja, Okayama D51 892 : Preserved in a park in Hirosaki, Aomori D51 895 : Preserved in a park in Oji, Nara D51 916 : Preserved in a park in Maebashi, Gunma D51 917 : Preserved in a park in Kita-ku, Okayama, Okayama D51 921 : Preserved outside Shinonoi Community Centre in Nagano, Nagano D51 923 : Preserved in Kurume, Fukuoka D51 930 : Preserved in a park in Iwade, Wakayama D51 943 : Preserved in a park in Fuji, Shizuoka D51 946 : Preserved at the Coal and Fossils Museum in Iwaki, Fukushima D51 947 : Preserved in Hakone, Kanagawa D51 953 : Preserved outside Chuo Community Centre in Toyoura, Hokkaido D51 954 : Preserved outside a community centre in Furano, Hokkaido D51 1001 : Preserved in front of the Koshoku Gymnasium in Chikuma, Nagano D51 1032 : Preserved in a park in Yufu, Ōita D51 1052 : Preserved in Kirin Beer Park Chitose in Chitose, Hokkaido D51 1072 : Preserved in front of Kobe Station in Kobe, Hyogo D51 1085 : Preserved in Aridagawa Railway Park in Aridagawa, Wakayama D51 1101 : Preserved at Mikasa Park in Yokosuka, Kanagawa D51 1108 : Preserved at Sendai Shinkansen Depot in Rifu, Miyagi D51 1116 : Privately preserved in Shiroi, Chiba D51 1119 : Preserved in a park in Atsugi, Kanagawa D51 1142 : Preserved in a park in Sasebo, Nagasaki D51 1149 : Preserved in Taga SL Park in Taga, Shiga
D51 6 in Asahikawa, Hokkaido
D51 51 ("Slug" type)
D51 125 in Funabashi, Chiba
D51 170 in Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto
D51 231 outside the National Museum of Nature and Science in Tokyo in December 2014
D51 286 in Otaru, Hokkaido
D51 452 at Ome Railway Park in Tokyo
D51 470 in Gifu
D51 745 in front of Minakami Station in October 2012
D51 774 next to the former Taisha Station in Izumo in March 2016
D51 792 in Kasugai, Aichi
D51 862 in Machida, Tokyo
D51 946 at the Coal and Fossils Museum in Iwaki, Fukushima
D51 1085 in Aridagawa, Wakayama
D51 1108 at Sendai Shinkansen Depot in July 2008
Russian Class D51
Plinthed Russian D51-22 outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Railway Station Sakhalin Island , Russia D51-1 : Niigata PrefectureD51-2 : HokkaidoD51-4 : Sakhalin (working order, after re-gauging of the Sakhalin Railways to the Russian gauge stay in railway museum in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk station[14] D51-22 : Sakhalin (Plinthed outside Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk railway station)D51-23 : HokkaidoD51-25 : HokkaidoD51-26 : HokkaidoD51-27 : HokkaidoD51-28 : Sakhalin (dumped at Tomari)D51-29,D51-30 (presumably) : Sakhalin (2 D51s dumped north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk at Dalny)
Taiwan Railways Administration DT650
DT675(Former DT670) DT652 : Preserved at Tainan Sports Park.DT654 : Preserved at East Stone Township, Chiayi County . (The current number is DT651)DT668 : Preserved in operational condition at Changhua Locomotive Depot.DT670 : Preserved at Art and Literature Center, Banqiao District , New Taipei City . (The current number is DT675)
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