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((More citations needed|date=January 2016))
((Infobox person
|image         = Jean Domat Gallica.jpg
|caption       = Engraving of Domat after a painting by [[Noël Coypel]]
|birth_date    = ((Birth date|1625|11|30|df=yes))
|birth_place   = [[Clermont-Ferrand|Clermont]], France
|death_date    = ((Death date and age|1696|3|14|1625|11|30|df=yes))
|death_place   = [[Paris]], France
|education     = Humanities, law
|alma_mater    = [[University of Bourges]]
|occupation    = [[Jurist]]
|nationality   = 
|notable_works = ''Lois civiles dans leur ordre naturel'' and ''Le droit public''
))

'''Jean Domat''', or '''Daumat''' (30 November 1625((snd))14 March 1696) was a French [[jurist]].

==Life==
Domat was born at [[Clermont-Ferrand|Clermont]] in [[Auvergne (province)|Auvergne]].<ref name="EB1911">((EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Domat, Jean|volume=8|page=395))</ref> He studied the [[humaniora]] in [[Paris]], where he befriended [[Blaise Pascal]], and later law at the [[University of Bourges]]. Domat closely sympathized with the [[Port-Royal-des-Champs|Port-Royal]]ists, and on Pascal's death he was entrusted with the latter's private papers.<ref name="EB1911"/> After Domat's promotion in 1645, he practised law in [[Clermont-Ferrand|Clermont]] and was appointed a crown prosecutor there in 1655. In 1683, he retired from this office with a pension from [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] to concentrate on his scholarship.

==Principal work==
Together with [[Antoine Dadin de Hauteserre]], [[Antoine Favre]] and the [[Godefroy family|Godefroy brothers]], Domat was one of the few later French scholars of [[Roman law]] of international significance. He is principally known from his elaborate legal digest, in three quarto volumes, under the title of ''Lois civiles dans leur ordre naturel'' (1689, with 68 later editions), an undertaking for which Louis XIV settled on him a pension of 2,000 [[French livre|livres]]. A fourth volume, ''Le droit public'', was published in 1697, a year after his death. After [[Hugo Doneau]]'s more thorough but less consistent ''Commentarii iuris civilis'' (1589), the work was the first of this type of pan-European significance. It was to become one of the principal sources of the ''ancien droit'' on which the [[Napoleonic Code]] was later founded.

[[File:Jean Domat, The Civil Law in Its Natural Order; Together with the Publick Law (1st English ed, 1722, volume I).pdf|thumb|left|upright|The title page of ''The Civil Law in Its Natural Order: Together with the Publick Law'' (1722),<ref>((citation|author=Jean Domat|title=[[:File:Jean Domat, The Civil Law in Its Natural Order; Together with the Publick Law (1st English ed, 1722, volume I).pdf|The Civil Law in Its Natural Order: Together with the Publick Law. Written in French by Monsieur Domat, The Late French King's Advocate in the Presidial Court of Clermont in France: and Translated into English by William Strahan, LL. D. Advocate in Doctors Commons. With Additional Remarks on Some Material Differences between the Civil Law and the Law of England. In Two Volumes.]]|edition=1st English|location=London|publisher=Printed by J. Bettenham, for E. Bell, J. Darby, A. Bettesworth, G. Strahan, F. Fayram, J. Pemberton, J. Hooke, C. Rivington, F. Clay, J. Batley, and E. Symon|year=1722|oclc=642758091)).</ref> the first English edition of Domat's ''Lois civiles dans leur ordre naturel'' and ''Le droit public''|page=8]]

Domat's work was in line with earlier [[Renaissance humanism|Humanist]] attempts to transform the seemingly random historical sources of law into a rational system of rules. However, as a supporter of a [[Cartesianism|Cartesian]] juridical order, Domat endeavoured to found all law upon [[ethics|ethical]] or religious principles, his motto being "''L'homme est fait par Dieu et pour Dieu''"<ref name="EB1911"/> ("Man was made by God and for God"). The work was thus an attempt to establish a system of French law on the basis of moral principles, and it presented the contents of the [[Corpus Juris Civilis]] in the form of a new system of [[natural law]].

After the work of [[Robert Joseph Pothier]], Domat's work is regarded as the second most important influence on the [[Civil Code of Lower Canada]].

=== Editions ===
[[File:Domat, Jean – Loix civiles dans leur ordre naturel, 1723 – BEIC 6498033.jpg|thumb|upright|''Le loix civiles dans leur ordre naturel'', French edition, Paris 1723.]]

*''Lois civiles dans leur ordre naturel'', 1689
**((citation|title=[[:File:Jean Domat, The Civil Law in Its Natural Order; Together with the Publick Law (1st English ed, 1722, volume I).pdf|The Civil Law in Its Natural Order: Together with the Publick Law. Written in French by Monsieur Domat, The Late French King's Advocate in the Presidial Court of Clermont in France: and Translated into English by William Strahan, LL. D. Advocate in Doctors Commons. With Additional Remarks on Some Material Differences between the Civil Law and the Law of England. In Two Volumes.]]|edition=1st English|location=London|publisher=Printed by J. Bettenham, for E. Bell, J. Darby, A. Bettesworth, G. Strahan, F. Fayram, J. Pemberton, J. Hooke, C. Rivington, F. Clay, J. Batley, and E. Symon|year=1722|oclc=642758091))
** ((cite book|title=Loix civiles dans leur ordre naturel|publisher=Nicolas Gosselin|location=Paris|year=1723|language=fr|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=6498033))
** ((cite book|title=Les loix civiles dans leur ordre naturel. Le droit public, et legum delectus|location=Paris|publisher=Chez la veuve Savoye, Libraire, rue S. Jacques|year=1767|orig-year=1689|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VTE4GtGREj8C&q=Jean+Domat+les+lois+civiles|language=fr))

==Later life==
Besides the ''Lois civiles'', Domat prepared, in Latin, a selection of the laws in the [[Digest (Roman law)|Digest]]a and the [[Codex Justinianeus]] under the title ''Legum delectus'' (Paris, 1700; Amsterdam, 1703); it was subsequently appended to the ''Lois civiles''. Domat died in Paris on 14 March 1696.<ref name="EB1911"/>
((-))

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
((Commons category multi|Jean Domat|The Civil Law in Its Natural Order: Together with the Publick Law by Jean Domat))

*A. Iglesias, "Philosophy and Law in Jean Domat" (Spanish), Ph.D. Legal history and philosophy-human rights, Thesis, 2009, U. Carlos III de Madrid.
*D. Gilles, ''Jean Domat's juridical thought. From Grand siècle to civil french Code'', (in French), Ph. D. Law, Thesis, Aix-Marseille III,  1994.
*D. Gilles, « Les Lois civiles de Jean Domat, prémices des Codifications ? Du Code Napoléon au Code civil du Bas Canada », ''Revue juridique Thémis'', Montréal, n. 43-1, 2009, pp.&nbsp;2–49.
*((citation|last=Holthöfer|first=Ernst|pages=180|chapter=Domat, Jean|editor=Michael Stolleis|title=Juristen: ein biographisches Lexikon; von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert|edition=2nd|year=2001|publisher=Beck|location=München|language=de|isbn=3-406-45957-9)).
*In the ''[[Journal des sçavans|Journal des savants]]'' for 1843 are several papers on Domat by [[Victor Cousin]], giving much information not otherwise accessible.

((Authority control))
((Use dmy dates|date=July 2016))

((DEFAULTSORT:Domat, Jean))
[[Category:1625 births]]
[[Category:1696 deaths]]
[[Category:17th-century French lawyers]]
[[Category:Jansenists]]
[[Category:17th-century French philosophers]]
[[Category:People from Clermont-Ferrand]]

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