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((Short description|French Catholic philosopher and theologian (1901–1999)))
((About||the ship-owner|Jean Guiton|the dramatist|Jean Guitton (dramatist)))
((More citations needed|date=June 2020))
((infobox person
| name        = Jean Guitton
| image       =
| birth_date  = ((birth date|1901|8|18|df=yes))
| birth_place = [[Saint-Étienne]], [[France]]
| death_date  = ((death date and age|1999|3|21|1901|8|18|df=yes))
| death_place = [[Paris]], France
| nationality = [[France|French]]
| alma_mater  = [[École Normale Supérieure]]
))

'''Jean Guitton''' (August 18, 1901 – March 21, 1999) was a French [[Catholic]] [[philosopher]] and [[theologian]]. ''[[Le Monde]]'' called him "the last of the great Catholic philosophers."<ref name=pace/>

==Biography==
Born in [[Saint-Étienne]], Loire in August 1901, he was the son of an industrialist. He studied at the [[Lycée du Parc]] in [[Lyon]] and was accepted at the [[École Normale Supérieure]] in [[Paris]] in 1920. His principal religious and intellectual influence was from a blind priest, Francois Pouget. He finished his philosophical studies in the early 1920s and taught in a number of secondary schools. Guitton was a disciple of philosopher [[Henri Bergson]].<ref name=pace>[https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/27/arts/jean-guitton-97-philosopher-author-and-friend-of-popes.html Pace, Eric. "Jean Guitton, 97, Philosopher, Author and Friend of Popes", ''The New York Times'', March 27, 1999]</ref>

During [[World War II]], he was made a war prisoner by the [[Nazism|Nazis]]. Guitton held university professorships in Montpellier and then Dijon. In the year 1954, he earned a literary award from the [[Académie française]]. From 1955 to 1968 he continued his works as a professor of philosophy at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]]. He became a member of the Académie française in 1961.<ref>[http://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/jean-guitton?fauteuil=10&election=08-06-1961 Jean Guitton Biography at the Académie française Website (French)]</ref>

Invited as an observer to the [[ecumenical council]] of [[Vatican II]], the first [[laity|lay person]] to be granted this honor, he would become a close friend of [[Pope Paul VI]].<ref name=pace/>

He died in [[Paris]] at 97 in 1999. During his life, he was also awarded the Great Cross of the [[Ordre National du Mérite|National Order of Merit]], Commander of the [[Légion d'Honneur]] and of the Arts and Letters Medal.

In most of his works Jean Guitton writes about and discusses the [[agnostic theism|agnostic confrontation]] between human [[faith]] and human logic. He wrote around fifty books.

==Works==
* ''Portrait d'une mère'' (1933)
* ''Le Temps et l'éternité chez Plotin et Saint Augustin'' (1933)
* ''La Philosophie de Leibniz'' (1933)
* ''Actualité de saint Augustin'' (1935)
* ''La Pensée moderne et le catholicisme'' (1934-1950) 
* ''Perspectives'' (1934)
* ''Newman et Renan'' (1938)
* ''La Pensée de M. Loisy'' (1936)
* ''Critique de la critique'' (1937)
* ''Le Problème de la connaissance et de la pensée religieuse''
* ''Le Problème de Jésus et le fondement du témoignage chrétien'' (1946)
* ''Développement des idées dans l'Ancien Testament'' (1947)
* ''Portrait de M. Pouget'' (1941)
* ''Justification du temps'' (1941)
* ''Fondements de la communauté française'' (1942)
* ''Journal de captivité 1942-1943'' (1942-1943)
* ''Nouvel art de penser'' (1946)
* ''Le Problème de Jésus'' (1946)
* ''L'Amour humain'' (1948)
* ''L'Existence temporelle'' (1949)
* ''La Vierge Marie'' (1949)
* ''Pascal et Leibniz'' (1951)
* ''Le Travail intellectuel'' (1951)
* ''Journal, études et rencontres'' (1959 et 1968)
* ''L'Église et l'Évangile'' (1959)
* ''La Vocation de Bergson'' (1960)
* ''Une mère dans sa vallée'' (1961)
* ''Regard sur le concile'' (1962)
* ''Génie de Pascal'' (1962)
* ''L'Église et les laïcs'' (1963)
* ''La conversion de Ratisbonne'' (1964)
* ''Le Clair et l'Obscur'' (1964)
* ''Dialogues avec Paul VI'' (1967)
* ''Développement de la pensée occidentale'' (1968)
* ''Profils parallèles'' (1970) 
* ''Newman et Renan''
* ''Pascal et Leibniz''
* ''Teilhard et Bergson''
* ''Claudel et Heidegger''
* ''Ce que je crois'' (1971)
* ''Paul VI et l'Année sainte'' (1974)
* ''Écrire comme on se souvient'' (1974)
* ''Remarques et réflexions sur l'Histoire'' (1976)
* ''Journal de ma vie'' (1976)
* ''Évangile et mystère du temps'' (1977)
* ''L'Évangile dans ma vie'' (1978)
* ''Paul VI secret'' (1980)
* ''Le Temps d'une vie'' (1980)
* ''Jugements'' (1981)
* ''Pages brûlées'' (1984)
* ''L'Absurde et le Mystère'' (1984)
* ''Portrait de Marthe Robin'' (1985)
* ''Œcuménisme'' (1986)
* ''Un siècle, une vie''(1988), 13th Prix Fondation Pierre-Lafue 1989
* ''Dieu et la science'' (with Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff, 1991)
* ''Portrait du père Lagrange'' (1992)
* ''Celui qui croyait au ciel et celui qui n'y croyait pas'' (with Jacques Lanzmann, 1994)
* ''Lumen de lumine'' (1994)
* ''Chaque jour que Dieu fait'' (1996)
* ''Le Siècle qui s'annonce'' (1996)
* ''Mon testament philosophique'' (1997)
* ''Ultima Verba'' (with Gérard Prévost, 1998)
* ''Le livre de la sagesse et des vertus retrouvées'' (1998)

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
*[http://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/jean-guitton?fauteuil=10&election=08-06-1961 Jean Guitton Biography at the Académie française Website (French)]

((Académie française Seat 10))
((History of Catholic theology))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Guitton, Jean))
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Saint-Étienne]]
[[Category:Lycée Louis-le-Grand alumni]]
[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Paris]]
[[Category:French Roman Catholic writers]]
[[Category:Catholic philosophers]]
[[Category:20th-century French philosophers]]
[[Category:Members of the Académie Française]]
[[Category:Members of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques]]
[[Category:Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Grand Cross of the Ordre national du Mérite]]
[[Category:French male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century French Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:20th-century French male writers]]

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