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Jean Tulard
Jean Tulard in 2014
Born
Jean (Claude, Fernand) Tulard

22 December 1933 (89 years old)
Paris, France
NationalityFrench
Education
OccupationHistorian
Known forspecialist of the Napoleonic Wars, the First French Empire and the French Revolution
TitleMember of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques
SpouseMarie-Josée Fagnot
ChildrenJacques, Pierre and Florence Tulard

Jean Tulard (born 22 December 1933, Paris) is a French academic and historian. Considered one of the best specialists of Napoleon Bonaparte and the Napoleonic era (Directory, Consulate and First French Empire), he is nicknamed by his peers "the master of Napoleonic studies".

He was a professor at the Sorbonne University and at Sciences Po Paris. He is a member of the Institut de France and of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques. He is also very interested in the history of cinema.

Career

After graduating first in his class with an agrégation in history and a PhD in literature, he became a boarder at the Fondation Thiers from 1961 to 1964, before becoming a research associate at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (Centre national de la recherche scientifique) (CNRS). Director of Studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études in 1965, he was appointed professor at the Université Paris-Sorbonne and the Sciences Po Paris in 1981. Jean Tulard was President of the Société de l'histoire de Paris et de l'Île-de-France from 1973 to 1977, and President of the Institut Napoléon [fr] from 1974 to 19997.

President of the Société de l'histoire de Paris et de l'Île-de-France (1973-1977), he was also president (1974-1999) and then honorary president (since 1999) of the Institut Napoléon, and a member of the board of directors of the Cinémathèque française (since 2004) and 4.8.

He is a member of the board of the Cinémathèque française and of the Comité pour l'histoire préfectorale (2012-2018), and was the historical consultant for the TV film Valmy (1968), by Jean Chérasse and Abel Gance, and for La Révolution française (1989), by Robert Enrico and Richard T. Heffron. Honorary president of the Institut Napoléon, he has chaired the scientific advisory board of the Figaro Histoire since 2012.

A member of the Centre Vendéen de Recherches Historiques, he has also been a member of the Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques since 16 May 1994, elected to the History and Geography section in the chair of Roland Mousnier. He was President of the Academy in 2005.

Why Napoleon?

Because of his family origins (his parents were both senior civil servants at the Préfecture de Police, and his mother was director of the Préfecture de Police museum), Jean Tulard devoted his doctoral thesis to the history of the administration in Paris (Paris et son administration, 1800-1830).

He intended to study at the Faculty of Law and become a magistrate. A problem with his enrolment led him to change his course. After completing his thesis, which covered the period of the First French Empire, he became a lecturer at the Sorbonne in 1967 and began to devote himself to Napoleonic studies.

In 1965, Michel Fleury, director of the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), under whose supervision he wrote a thesis on the Prefecture of Police under the July Monarchy (republished by the CNRS under the title "La Police Parisienne entre Deux Revolutions - 1830-1848)"), created a new research department, the "Chair of History of the First Empire". Jean Tulard was elected to this chair, which he held for thirty-five years. At the same time, he joined the University of Paris IV (now Sorbonne University) to teach the history of the French Revolution and the First French Empire. He also taught administrative history at Sciences-Po Paris.

Forensic verification of Louis XVII's heart identity: Tulard's expertise in deciphering royal remains

Tulard was one of the experts involved in verifying the heart believed to be that of Louis XVII of France, actually the Dauphin of France as the heir apparent to the throne, who died in 1795 in imprisonment. Scientists using DNA samples from Queen Anne of Romania, and her son André de Bourbon-Parme, maternal relatives of Louis XVII, and from a strand of Marie Antoinette's hair, proved the young royal's identity. Historic evidence as to the location of the heart over the decades was also considered. In a summary of the investigation in 2004, Tulard wrote: "This heart is ... almost certainly that of Louis XVII. We can never be 100 per cent sure but this is about as sure as it gets".[1]

Film activities

Jean Tulard took part as a "historical consultant" in the TV film Valmy, directed by Jean Chérasse and Abel Gance and broadcast for the first time in 1967. With a total running time of 208 minutes, the film is divided into three parts: 1. the fall of royalty, 2. chronicling the summer of 1792, 3. Battle and birth of the Republic.

In 1989, he was the "historical adviser" for the film La Révolution française, directed by Robert Enrico and Richard T. Heffron, in a co-production with French, Italian, German, Canadian and British investors. Depending on the version, the film lasts between 180 and 360 minutes.

Jean Tulard is a member of the Sponsorship Committee of the Institut régional du cinéma et de l'audiovisuel de Corse, chaired by French director Magà Ettori (since 2009).

Literature

Jean Tulard is a member of the jury for the Prix des Hussards, created by Food critic Christian Millau.

Private life

Jean (Claude, Fernand) Tulard spent his childhood in Albi in the region of Occitania in the Southern France, and developed a passion for cinema. His mother started out as a primary school teacher and later became curator of the archives of the Musée de la Préfecture de Police.

Married to Marie-Josée Fagnot, Jean Tulard had three children: Jacques, Pierre and Florence.

Publications

Many of the following books have been translated into many languages, including English:

Prizes and awards


In April 2010, he became Commander of the Legion of Honour, created by Napoleon.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ The Daily Telegraph Tragic French boy king's heart finds a final resting place after 209 years
  2. ^ Le Figaro


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