Jefferson Township, New Jersey
Township
George Chamberlain House
George Chamberlain House
Official seal of Jefferson Township, New Jersey
Seal
Location of Jefferson Township in Morris County highlighted in red (right). Inset map: Location of Morris County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (left).
Location of Jefferson Township in Morris County highlighted in red (right). Inset map: Location of Morris County in New Jersey highlighted in orange (left).
Census Bureau map of Jefferson Township, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Jefferson Township, New Jersey
Jefferson Township is located in Morris County, New Jersey
Jefferson Township
Jefferson Township
Location in Morris County
Jefferson Township is located in New Jersey
Jefferson Township
Jefferson Township
Location in New Jersey
Jefferson Township is located in the United States
Jefferson Township
Jefferson Township
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 41°00′05″N 74°33′04″W / 41.001267°N 74.551188°W / 41.001267; -74.551188[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Morris
IncorporatedFebruary 11, 1804
Named forThomas Jefferson
Government
[6]
 • TypeFaulkner Act (mayor–council)
 • BodyTownship Council
 • MayorEric Wilsusen (R, term ends December 31, 2026)[3][4]
 • AdministratorDebra Millikin[3]
 • Municipal clerkMichelle Reilly[5]
Area
[1]
 • Total42.77 sq mi (110.78 km2)
 • Land38.90 sq mi (100.75 km2)
 • Water3.88 sq mi (10.04 km2)  9.06%
 • Rank46th of 565 in state
3rd of 39 in county[1]
Elevation
[7]
1,142 ft (348 m)
Population
 (2020)[8][9]
 • Total20,538
 • Estimate 
(2022)[8][10]
20,517
 • Rank134th of 565 in state
8th of 39 in county[11]
 • Density527.9/sq mi (203.8/km2)
  • Rank441st of 565 in state
35th of 39 in county[11]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07435 – Newfoundland[12]
07438 – Oak Ridge[13]
07849 – Lake Hopatcong[14]
07885 – Wharton[15]
Area code(s)973[16]
FIPS code3402734980[1][17][18]
GNIS feature ID0882210[1][19]
Websitewww.jeffersontownship.net

Jefferson Township is the northernmost township in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.[20] As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 20,538,[8][9] a decrease of 776 (−3.6%) from the 2010 census count of 21,314,[21][22] which in turn reflected an increase of 1,597 (+8.1%) from the 19,717 counted in the 2000 census.[23]

Jefferson Township was formed as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 11, 1804, from portions of Pequannock Township and Roxbury.[24][25] The township was named after Thomas Jefferson, the President of the United States at the time the Township was created.[26][27] The township is situated in the northernmost part of Morris County bordering both Passaic and Sussex counties.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 42.77 square miles (110.8 km2), including 38.90 square miles (100.8 km2) of land and 3.88 square miles (10.0 km2) of water (9.06%).[1][2]

The township borders Mount Arlington, Rockaway Township, Roxbury and Wharton in Morris County; West Milford in Passaic County; and Hardyston Township, Hopatcong and Sparta in Sussex County.[28][29][30]

The township has two large divisions, Milton and Lake Hopatcong.[31] Each half has its own first-aid squad, fire department substation and set of elementary schools. Addresses in the Milton section of the township are classified under the Oak Ridge mailing city, which is shared with a portion of West Milford, or in the Newfoundland mailing area, shared with a portion of West Milford and Rockaway Township. Addresses in Lake Hopatcong use either Lake Hopatcong (not to be confused with the Hopatcong mailing city used in the Borough of Hopatcong) or Wharton as their mailing city. In 2016, there was an effort to change the mailing address for the Lake Shawnee section of town from a Wharton, NJ 07885 ZIP code, to a Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849 ZIP code. The effort was narrowly defeated.[32] In 2026, a new effort will be made to change the mailing address ZIP code to Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849.[33] The Jefferson Township Municipal Building, Middle School, High School, Recycling Center and school bus depot are positioned at the boundary between the two halves of the township.[citation needed]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Berkshire Valley, Bowling Green Mountain, Cozy Lake, Espanong, Halsey Island, Hurdtown, Lake Forest, Lake Hopatcong, Lake Swannanoa,[34] Lake Shawnee, Lake Winona, Longwood Mountains, Lower Longwood, Minisink, Moosepac Pond, Newfoundland, Nolans Point, Oak Ridge, Petersburg, Prospect Point, Raccoon Island, Russia, Upper Longwood, Weldon, Woodport, White Rock, and Woodstock.[35]

As of 2018 some residents on the portion along Lake Hoptacong with "Wharton" postal addresses state that they are from "Lake Shawnee"; people in that area, as of that year, do not state they are from "Wharton". Residents in the lake areas in the township state they are from particular localities. As of that year, in the section of Oak Ridge in Jefferson Township, the people there state they are from "Milton".[36]

Portions of the township are owned by the City of Newark, Essex County, for its Pequannock River Watershed, which provides water to the city from an area of 35,000 acres (14,000 ha) that also includes portions of Hardyston Township, Kinnelon, Rockaway Township, Vernon Township, and West Milford.[37][38]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18101,281—
18201,231−3.9%
18301,55126.0%
18401,412−9.0%
18501,358−3.8%
18601,4718.3%
18701,430−2.8%
18801,79225.3%
18901,611−10.1%
19001,341−16.8%
19101,303−2.8%
19201,226−5.9%
19301,2542.3%
19401,54823.4%
19502,74477.3%
19606,884150.9%
197014,122105.1%
198016,41316.2%
199017,8258.6%
200019,71710.6%
201021,3148.1%
202020,538−3.6%
2022 (est.)20,517[8][10]−0.1%
Population sources:
1810–1920[39] 1840[40]
1850–1870[41] 1850[42]
1870[43] 1880–1890[44]
1890–1910[45] 1910–1930[46]
1900–1990[47] 2000[48][49]
2010[21][22] 2020[8][9]

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 21,314 people, 7,830 households, and 5,794 families in the township. The population density was 544.7 per square mile (210.3/km2). There were 8,597 housing units at an average density of 219.7 per square mile (84.8/km2). The racial makeup was 90.64% (19,318) White, 1.56% (332) Black or African American, 0.08% (18) Native American, 4.60% (981) Asian, 0.02% (4) Pacific Islander, 1.49% (317) from other races, and 1.61% (344) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.48% (1,382) of the population.[21]

Of the 7,830 households, 35.6% had children under the age of 18; 62.0% were married couples living together; 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 26.0% were non-families. Of all households, 20.7% were made up of individuals and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.19.[21]

24.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 31.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.9 years. For every 100 females, the population had 100.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 98.3 males.[21]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $92,095 (with a margin of error of +/− $6,923) and the median family income was $102,324 (+/− $6,788). Males had a median income of $73,152 (+/− $3,827) versus $51,933 (+/− $2,776) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $37,912 (+/− $1,795). About 2.6% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.2% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.[50]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States census[17] there were 19,717 people, 7,131 households, and 5,448 families residing in the township. The population density was 485.3 people per square mile (187.4 people/km2). There were 7,527 housing units at an average density of 185.2 per square mile (71.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 96.14% White, 0.83% African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.07% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.41% of the population.[48][49]

As of the 2000 Census, 25.7% of residents identified their ancestry as Italian, 22.9% Irish, 21.7% German, 11.6% English and 10.0% Polish.[48]

There were 7,131 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.5% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.17.[48][49]

In the township the age distribution of the population shows 26.9% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.[48][49]

The median income for a household in the township was $68,837, and the median income for a family was $76,974. Males had a median income of $51,359 versus $37,849 for females. The per capita income for the township was $27,950. About 1.0% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.2% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.[48][49]

Arts and culture

Newfoundland Train Station

Every year, the weekend following Independence Day, The Jefferson Arts Committee hosts a day of celebration known as Jefferson Township Day (it is colloquially referred to as "Jefferson Day"). Throughout the entire day, entertainment and festivities at the Jefferson Township High School are provided. Up until 2012 there would be a morning parade featuring the town's fire trucks, high school marching band and other local groups march down Weldon Road. Starting in 2013 the parade has been substituted with various activities such as a fishing contest, kids kart race and a road bowling tournament. There are a variety of activities set up on the Jefferson Township High School grounds for participants of Jefferson Day, including children's games, food and craft vendors, and performances at two stages. At night, the Jefferson Township Community Band, directed by Peter Tummillo Jr., performs before the display of fireworks.[51] Township resident Bill Child wrote an original song in September 2006, "My Sweet Home Jefferson", that has since been sung at many Jefferson Day celebrations.[52]

Amos Chamberlain built the George Chamberlain House as a wedding gift for his son George Chamberlain. George Chamberlain and his wife Ruth Elizabeth Speaker had two children, Raymond and Archie Chamberlain, who lived in the house until the 1890s, when the Chamberlain family moved out, and started renting the house to people up until 1960. The house was purchased from the Chamberlain family by the Friends of the Library in 1960, and refurbished the building for 19 years in order to turn it into a library, which they opened in 1979. From 1979 to 1982, the house was the Violet Riker Library, named after Violet Riker, who first initiated public library service in Jefferson. In 1982, the township acquired the library and began the process of turning it into a museum, after Emily Panek got a grant of $15,000 and $27,000 in donations. By 1984 the building had been completely repaired after they sandblasted the walls, replaced a hole in the front door, repaired the windows, and replaced the chestnut floors. The house is currently the Jefferson Township Museum.[53]

Government

Local government

Jefferson Township is governed under a Mayor-Council system of municipal government under the Faulkner Act. The township is one of 71 (of the 564) municipalities statewide that use this form of government.[54] The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the five-member Township Council. All governing body officials are elected at-large in partisan elections to serve four-year terms on a staggered basis in even-numbered years as part of the November general election, with three council seats up together for election and then two council seats and the mayoral seat coming up for election together two years later.[6][55]

As of 2023, the Mayor of Jefferson Township is Republican Eric Wilsusen, whose term of office ends December 31, 2026.[3] Members of the Jefferson Township Council are Council President Melissa Senatore (R, 2026), Council Vice President Jay Dunham (R, 2024), Robert Birmingham (R, 2024), Josh Kalish (R, 2026) and H. Ronald Smith (R, 2024).[56][57][58][59][60][61][62]

In March 2021, Josh Kalish was selected from a list of three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the council seat expiring in December 2022 that had been held by Debi Merz Bennett until she stepped down from office the previous month.[63] Kalish served on an interim basis until the November 2021 general election, when he was elected to serve the balance of the term of office.[61][64]

In May 2017, Michael J. Sanchelli resigned from his seat expiring in December 2018, after being mandated to leave office due to issues related to his state pension which require him to be out of office for 180 days.[65]

In April 2016, the Township Council selected Kimberly Finnegan from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2016 that had been held by Richard W. Yocum until his resignation.[66]

Federal, state and county representation

Jefferson Township is located in the 11th Congressional District[67] and is part of New Jersey's 25th state legislative district.[68]

Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 census, Jefferson Township had been in the 25th state legislative district.[69]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 11th congressional district is represented by Mikie Sherrill (D, Montclair).[70] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[71] and Bob Menendez (Englewood Cliffs, term ends 2025).[72][73]

For the 2024-2025 session, the 25th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Anthony M. Bucco (R, Boonton Township) and in the General Assembly by Christian Barranco (R, Jefferson Township) and Aura K. Dunn (R, Mendham Borough).[74]

Morris County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners comprised of seven members who are elected at-large in partisan elections to three-year terms on a staggered basis, with either one or three seats up for election each year as part of the November general election.[75] Actual day-to-day operation of departments is supervised by County Administrator Deena Leary.[76]: 8  As of 2024, Morris County's Commissioners are:

John Krickus (R, Chatham Township, 2024),[77] Director Christine Myers (R, Harding, 2025),[78] Douglas Cabana (R, Boonton Township, 2025),[79] Thomas J. Mastrangelo (R, Montville, 2025),[80] Deputy Director Stephen H. Shaw (R, Mountain Lakes, 2024),[81] Deborah Smith (R, Denville, 2024)[82] and Tayfun Selen (R, Chatham Township, 2026)[76]: 2 [83]

The county's constitutional officers are: Clerk Ann F. Grossi (R, Parsippany–Troy Hills, 2028),[84][85] Sheriff James M. Gannon (R, Boonton Township, 2025)[86][87] and Surrogate Heather Darling (R, Roxbury, 2024).[88][89]

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 13,142 registered voters in Jefferson Township, of which 2,395 (18.2%) were registered as Democrats, 4,347 (33.1%) were registered as Republicans and 6,392 (48.6%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 8 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[90]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 58.2% of the vote (5,370 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 40.7% (3,757 votes), and other candidates with 1.0% (94 votes), among the 9,279 ballots cast by the township's 13,742 registered voters (58 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 67.5%.[91][92] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 57.2% of the vote (6,040 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 41.0% (4,335 votes) and other candidates with 1.1% (121 votes), among the 10,564 ballots cast by the township's 13,631 registered voters, for a turnout of 77.5%.[93] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 61.9% of the vote (5,946 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 36.9% (3,542 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (97 votes), among the 9,605 ballots cast by the township's 12,847 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 74.8.[94]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 70.6% of the vote (4,043 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 27.9% (1,596 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (89 votes), among the 5,789 ballots cast by the township's 13,715 registered voters (61 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 42.2%.[95][96] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 63.4% of the vote (4,270 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 26.8% (1,809 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 8.5% (572 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (56 votes), among the 6,738 ballots cast by the township's 13,397 registered voters, yielding a 50.3% turnout.[97]

Education

The Jefferson Township Public Schools serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[98] As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of seven schools, had an enrollment of 2,926 students and 267.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.9:1.[99] Schools in the district (with 2018–19 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[100]) are Milton School[101] with 175 students in grades Pre-K–K, Ellen T. Briggs School[102] with 278 students in grades K–2, Cozy Lake School[103] with 173 students in grades 1–2, Arthur T. Stanlick School[104] with 280 students in grades 3–5, White Rock Elementary School[105] with 325 students in grades 3–5, Jefferson Township Middle School[106] with 728 students in grades 6–8 and Jefferson Township High School[107] with 937 students in grades 9–12.[108][109]

Transportation

Route 15 in Jefferson Township

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the township had a total of 133.62 miles (215.04 km) of roadways, of which 112.52 miles (181.08 km) were maintained by the municipality, 12.77 miles (20.55 km) by Morris County and 8.33 miles (13.41 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[110]

A few major roads pass through Jefferson. Interstate 80 passes through very briefly in the southern tip without any interchanges; the closest exits are 33 and 34 in neighboring Wharton. State routes include Route 15 (part of the "Sparta Bypass") in the southwest, Route 23 in the northeast (as it straddles the Passaic County border) and Route 181 in the southwest. Green Pond Road, officially CR 513, is the only major county road that passes through for a short stretch in the northeast section.

Public transportation

NJ Transit had provided local bus service on the 967 and MCM7 routes, which was terminated in 2010 after subsidies to local route operators were eliminated as part of budget cuts.[111][112]

Lakeland Bus Lines provides service along Interstate 80 operating between Newton and the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan.[113][114]

Notable people

See also: Category:People from Jefferson Township, New Jersey

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Jefferson Township include:

References

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  2. ^ a b US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c Administration, Jefferson Township. Accessed April 26, 2023.
  4. ^ 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, updated February 8, 2023. Accessed February 10, 2023.
  5. ^ Township Clerk, Jefferson Township. Accessed March 28, 2023.
  6. ^ a b 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 116.
  7. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Township of Jefferson, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 6, 2013.
  8. ^ a b c d e QuickFacts Jefferson township, Morris County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed February 3, 2023.
  9. ^ a b c Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
  10. ^ a b Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2022, United States Census Bureau, released May 2023. Accessed May 18, 2023.
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  12. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Newfoundland, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 7, 2012.
  13. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Oak Ridge, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 7, 2012.
  14. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Lake Hopatcong, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 7, 2012.
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  20. ^ Home page, Jefferson Township. Accessed September 8, 2011. "Beautiful Jefferson Township is nestled deep in the northwest corner of Morris County, New Jersey. This countryside town is just minutes off of RT. 80 and located less than an hour from New York City."
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  25. ^ Historical Timeline of Morris County Boundaries Archived December 25, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Morris County Library. Accessed December 24, 2016. "1804, February 11. Jefferson is established from Pequannock."
  26. ^ Staff. "Patch Call", FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, March 2011. Accessed September 8, 2011. "The patch of the Jefferson Township, New Jersey, Police Department centers on the naming of the department's jurisdiction. The township was incorporated in 1804, the same year as Thomas Jefferson's recorded inauguration as the third president of the United States. As such, the patch displays a profile bust of Thomas Jefferson, intersecting U.S. and New Jersey flags, and the year 1804."
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  33. ^ "Next ZIP Code Change Survey Can Be Submitted". www.07885to07849.com. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
  34. ^ Cella, Chris. "Jefferson Township officials need further discussion on Lake Swannanoa", Aim Jefferson, April 14, 2011. Accessed September 8, 2011. "At last week's Jefferson Town Council meeting there was a large turnout as many townspeople anxiously awaited the discussions regarding the Lake Swannanoa dam restoration. During the March 16 meeting over 40 people spoke out during the public portion of the meeting, voicing their opinions and thoughts as to whether or not the town should agree to pay for repairs on the Swannanoa dam, as proposed by the Lake Swannanoa Homeowners Association."
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  37. ^ Primerano, Jane. "Newark appealing watershed taxes against Jefferson", AIM Jefferson, May 8, 2015. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Besides West Milford and Jefferson, Newark owns watershed land in Hardyston, Vernon, and Rockaway Townships and Kinnelon Borough, Leach said."
  38. ^ City of Newark v. Vernon Tp., Leagle from Tax Court of New Jersey, April 1, 1980. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Generally, the lands are part of the 35,000-acre Pequannock Watershed (approximately two times the size of Newark), which was purchased by Newark at the turn of the century to provide a water supply. The watershed, which contains five major bodies of water, is located in Vernon and Hardyston in Sussex County, Jefferson, Rockaway and Kinnelon in Morris County, and West Milford in Passaic County."
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  43. ^ Staff. A compendium of the ninth census, 1870, p. 260. United States Census Bureau, 1872. Accessed December 18, 2012.
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  50. ^ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Jefferson township, Morris County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed June 21, 2012.
  51. ^ Home page, Jefferson Arts Committee. Accessed November 23, 2008.
  52. ^ Luciano, John R. "Jefferson Township Day XXIV rolls on", AIM Jefferson, July 16, 2010. Accessed June 10, 2015. "On stage, the evening festivities were ushered in by the Jefferson Township Jazz Band. Then local musician/songwriter Bill Child performed his original song, 'My Sweet Home Jefferson.'"
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  55. ^ "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 10. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.
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