Education and career
Born in Warsaw, Indiana, Eschbach received a Bachelor of Science degree from Indiana University Bloomington in 1943. He received a Juris Doctor from Indiana University Maurer School of Law in 1949. He was a United States Navy Lieutenant from 1943 to 1946. He was in private practice of law in Warsaw from 1949 to 1962. He served in the Economic Stabilization Agency in Washington, D.C. in 1951. He was a city attorney of Warsaw from 1952 to 1953. He was a deputy prosecuting attorney of 54th Judicial Circuit, Indiana from 1953 to 1954. He was President, secretary and general counsel for Dalton Foundries, Inc. from 1959 to 1962. He was President of Endicott Church Furniture, Inc. from 1960 to 1962.[1]
Federal judicial service
Eschbach was nominated by President John F. Kennedy on March 12, 1962, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana vacated by Judge Luther Merritt Swygert. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 2, 1962, and received commission on April 13, 1962. He served as Chief Judge from 1974 to 1981. His service was terminated on December 11, 1981, due to elevation to the Seventh Circuit.[1]
Eschbach was nominated by President Ronald Reagan on October 20, 1981, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit vacated by Judge Luther Merritt Swygert. He was confirmed by the Senate on November 24, 1981, and received commission on December 1, 1981. He assumed senior status on November 4, 1985. He took inactive senior status on October 1, 2000. His service was terminated on October 25, 2005, due to death.[1]
Notable cases
One of Eschbach's most controversial decisions as a district judge was in the case of Sparkman v. McFarlin, Civ. No. F 75-129 (ND Ind., May 13, 1976), in which he held that a DeKalb County judge who ordered the sterilization of a young woman without appointing a guardian ad litem to protect her interests or holding a hearing to take evidence in her case could not be sued for damages.[citation needed] Eschbach's decision was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349 (1978), now the leading American decision on judicial immunity.[citation needed] Eschbach received national attention in 1981 when he sentenced former Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz to 30 days in federal prison for tax fraud.[citation needed] During the air traffic controllers' strike the same year, he ordered controllers in Fort Wayne to continue working.[citation needed]
