John Barton may refer to:

Arts and entertainment

• John Barton (writer), 15th century English writer on Lollardy
• John Barton (director) (1928–2018), English theatre director and founding member of the Royal Shakespeare Company
• John Barton (poet) (born 1957), Canadian poet

Law and politics

• John Barton (MP) (1614–1684), English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660
• John Barton (public administrator) (1875–1961), New Zealand accountant, writer, lawyer, magistrate and public administrator
• John J. Barton (1906–2004), Mayor of Indianapolis

Religion

• John Barton (missionary) (1836–1908), English Anglican priest
• John Barton (priest) (born 1936), British Anglican priest
• John Barton (theologian) (born 1948), British theologian and professor

Sports

• John Barton (footballer, born 1866) (1866–1910), English international footballer
• John Barton (footballer, born 1953), English footballer
• John Barton (rugby league), English rugby league footballer
• John Barton (rugby union) (1943–2021), English rugby union footballer

Others

• John Barton (Quaker) (1755–1789), English abolitionist
• John Barton (engineer) (1771–1834), English engineer noted for his engravings using his Ruling Engine
• John Barton (economist) (1789–1852), English economist
• John Rhea Barton (1794–1871), American orthopedic surgeon
• John Kennedy Barton (1853–1921), Rear Admiral in the United States Navy
• John Barton (businessman) (1944–2021), English businessman, chairman of Next plc and EasyJet
• John P. Barton (born 1934), British and American applied nuclear scientist

Characters

• John Barton (Emmerdale), a fictional character in British soap Emmerdale
• John Barton, a fictional character in Mrs. Gaskell's short story Mary Barton
• John Barton, a fictional character in Looking for Alibrandi