John Milbank
Milbank in October 2014
Born	Alasdair John Milbank (1952-10-23) 23 October 1952 (age 71) Kings Langley, England
Spouse	Alison Milbank ​ (m. 1978)​
Academic background
Alma mater	The Queen's College, Oxford Westcott House, Cambridge University of Birmingham
Thesis	The Priority of the Made (1986)
Doctoral advisor	Leon Pompa
Influences	Thomas Aquinas[1] Augustine of Hippo[2] Hans Urs von Balthasar[3] Cambridge Platonists[4] V. A. Demant[5] Meister Eckhart[6] Neville Figgis[7][8] George Grant[9] Gregory of Nyssa[1] Johann Georg Hamann Richard Hooker[4] Henri de Lubac[10] Nicholas of Cusa[1] Plato[11] Rowan Williams[12] Gillian Rose
Academic work
Discipline	Theology philosophy
Sub-discipline	Philosophical theology philosophy of social science political philosophy political theology social theory
School or tradition	Anglo-Catholicism[13] continental philosophy[14] postliberalism[15][16] postmodern philosophy radical orthodoxy
Institutions	Peterhouse, Cambridge[17] University of Nottingham
Doctoral students	Phillip Blond[18] Peter Leithart[19] Catherine Pickstock[20] Aaron Riches[21]
Notable works	Theology and Social Theory (1990) Radical Orthodoxy (1999)
Notable ideas	Radical orthodoxy
Influenced	William T. Cavanaugh[22] David Bentley Hart[23] D. Stephen Long[24] Simon Oliver[25][26] Catherine Pickstock James K. A. Smith[27]

Alasdair John Milbank (born 23 October 1952) is an English Anglo-Catholic theologian and is an Emeritus Professor in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at the University of Nottingham,^[28] where he is President of the Centre of Theology and Philosophy.^[29] Milbank previously taught at the University of Virginia and before that at the University of Cambridge and the University of Lancaster. He is also chairman of the trustees of the think tank ResPublica.

Milbank founded the radical orthodoxy movement.^[30] His work crosses disciplinary boundaries, integrating subjects such as systematic theology, social theory, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy, political theory, and political theology. He first gained recognition after publishing Theology and Social Theory in 1990, which laid the theoretical foundations for the movement which later became known as radical orthodoxy. In recent years he has collaborated on three books with philosopher Slavoj Žižek and Creston Davis, entitled Theology and the Political: The New Debate (2005), The Monstrosity of Christ: Paradox or Dialectic (2009), and Paul's New Moment: Continental Philosophy and the Future of Christian Theology (2010). Milbank delivered the Stanton Lectures at Cambridge in 2011.^[31] Milbank's friendship and substantial intellectual common ground with David Bentley Hart has been noted several times by both thinkers.^[32]

Life

Education

Following his secondary education at Hymers College, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree with third-class honours in modern history from The Queen's College, Oxford.^[17][33] He was awarded a postgraduate certificate in theology from Westcott House, Cambridge.^[33] During his time in Cambridge he studied under Rowan Williams.^[12] He then received his Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Birmingham.^[33] His dissertation on the work of Giambattista Vico, entitled "The Priority of the Made: Giambattista Vico and the Analogy of Creation", was written under the supervision of Leon Pompa.^[34] The University of Cambridge awarded him a senior Doctor of Divinity degree in recognition of published work in 1998.^[35]

Personal life

Milbank was born in Kings Langley, England,^[36] on 23 October 1952.^[37] He married Alison Milbank, also a lecturer at the University of Nottingham,^[38] in 1978.^[39][40]

Thought and views

A key part of the controversy surrounding Milbank concerns his view of the relationship between theology and the social sciences. He argues that the social sciences are a product of the modern ethos of secularism, which stems from an ontology of violence. Theology, therefore, should not seek to make constructive use of secular social theory, for theology itself offers a peaceable, comprehensive vision of all reality, extending to the social and political without the need for a social theory based on some level of violence. (As Contemporary Authors summarises his thought, "the Christian mythos alone 'is able to rescue virtue from deconstruction into violent, agonistic difference.'")^[36] Milbank argues that metaphysics is inescapable and therefore ought to be critically dealt with.^[41]

Milbank is sometimes described as a metaphysical theologian in that he is concerned with establishing a Christian trinitarian ontology. He relies heavily on aspects of the thought of Plato and Augustine, in particular the former's modification by the neoplatonist philosophers.

Milbank, together with Graham Ward and Catherine Pickstock, has helped forge a new trajectory in constructive theology known as radical orthodoxy – a predominantly Anglo-Catholic approach which is highly critical of modernity.

Practical views

Milbank explicitly supports 'socialis[t]' social organization.^{[16][42][43][44][45][46]}

He has been described as 'communitarian'.^[47][48][49]

Milbank has described the "legislative change" to legalize same-sex marriage^[50] as a strategy for the "extension of a form of biopolitical tyranny", arguing that "[w]here the reality of sexual difference is denied, then it gets reinvented in perverse ways - just as the over-sexualisation of women and the confinement of men to a marginalised machismo. Secondly, it would end the public legal recognition of a social reality defined in terms of the natural link between sex and procreation." He drew on James Alison to argue that "it is possible to recognise the legitimacy of faithful homosexual union without conceding that this is tantamount to marriage".^[51]

Milbank also describes the medical practice of assisted suicide as "the polite, liberal Holocaust".^[52]

Other views

He allegedly characterised "liberation, local, 'practice based' black, feminist, queer, trans, disability" theologies as "tiresome careerist and naturally elitist bollocks. But no one serious takes it seriously."^[53]

Reception

Paul Hedges of S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University stated in one 2014 Open Theology article that "John Milbank's Radical Orthodoxy employs styles of rhetoric and representation of the religious Other that have clear affinities" with "ideologies" of "religious extremism and fundamentalism". Hedges wrote that Milbank's "rhetoric and judgements" suggest that "his theology is at best unhelpful, and at worst potentially dangerous." Hedges simultaneously concedes that "a different approach can be detected in his most recent writings".^{[54][55][56][57]}

Nicholas Lash expressed reservations towards Milbank's views on the relation between "the sense of 'power' (Macht)" and "violence", and between "the Kingdom" and the Church.^[58][59]