Judge Carter may refer to:

Canada

• George Ethelbert Carter (1921–2018), judge of the Ontario Court of Justice, first Canadian-born black judge
• Mary Carter (judge) (1923–2010), judge of the Court of Queen's Bench for Saskatchewan

United States

• James Marshall Carter (1904–1979), judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
• Oliver Jesse Carter (1911–1976), judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California
• Robert L. Carter (1917–2012), judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York
• Gene Carter (1935–2021), senior judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maine
• David O. Carter (born 1944), judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California
• Andrew L. Carter Jr. (born 1969), judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York