American electrical engineer and university president (1901–1994)
Julius Adams Stratton (May 18, 1901 – June 22, 1994)[4] was an American electrical engineer, physicist, and university administrator. He attended the University of Washington for one year, where he was admitted to the Zeta Psi fraternity, then transferred to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), from which he graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1923 and a master's degree in 1926 both in electrical engineering. He then followed graduate studies in Europe and the Technische Hochschule of Zürich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland, awarded him the degree of Doctor of Science in 1928.[5]
Professional biography
Stratton was appointed Assistant Professor in electrical engineering at MIT after his PhD. In 1930 his appointment was transferred to the Physics Department. He was promoted to Professor in 1941. He was one of the first staff members of the MIT Radiation Laboratory who joined the Laboratory in 1940.[6]
He published the classic book Electromagnetic Theory as part of the McGraw Hill series in Pure and Applied Physics in 1941. It has been reissued by the IEEE in 2007 as one of its Classic Reissues in the collection of The IEEE Press Series on Electromagnetic Wave Theory.[7] He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1946.[8] In the same year he was awarded the Medal for Merit for his services.[1]
Stratton was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1950 and the American Philosophical Society in 1956.[9][10] He served as the president of MIT between 1959 and 1966, after serving the university in several lesser posts, notably appointments to provost in 1949, vice president in 1951, and chancellor in 1956.
In the 1955–1965 he served as member of Board of Trustees, RAND Corporation.[3] He also served as the chairman of the Ford Foundation between 1964 and 1971.
In 1967, Stratton was seconded to chair a Congressionally established "Commission on Marine Sciences, Engineering and Resources" whose work culminated in a report, "Our Nation and the Sea", published in 1969, that had a major influence on ocean sciences and management in the United States and abroad. The commission itself became commonly referred to as the Stratton Commission.
Stratton was also a founding member of the National Academy of Engineering.[11]
Stratton collected his speeches in a 1966 book titled Science and the Educated Man: Selected Speeches of Julius A. Stratton (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1966), with a foreword by the historian of technology Elting E. Morison who had been on the faculty of MIT as a professor of humanities in the Sloan School of Industrial Management from 1946 to 1966.[12]
MIT's Julius Adams Stratton Student Center at 84 Massachusetts Avenue is named in his honor.
