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((Short description|Painting by Gustave Moreau))
((more citations needed|date=March 2017))
((Infobox artwork
| image_file=Jupiter and Semele by Gustave Moreau.jpg
| image_size=250px
| title=((lang|fr|Jupiter et Sémélé))
| other_language_1=
| other_title_1=
| other_language_2=English
| other_title_2=Jupiter and Semele
| artist=[[Gustave Moreau]]
| year= 1894–95
| type=[[Oil painting|Oil]] on [[canvas]]
| height_metric=213
| width_metric=118
| height_imperial=83.8
| width_imperial=46.5
| metric_unit=cm
| imperial_unit=in
| museum =[[Musée national Gustave Moreau|Musée National Gustave-Moreau (Moreau Museum)]]
| city=[[Paris]]
))
((lang|fr|'''Jupiter et Sémélé''')) (1894–95; [[English language|English]], ''Jupiter and Semele'') is a painting by the [[French people|French]] [[Symbolist]] artist [[Gustave Moreau]] (1826–1898).  It depicts a moment from the [[classical myth]]<ref>Ovid, ''[[Metamorphoses]]'', III.</ref> of the mortal woman [[Semele]], mother of the god [[Dionysus]], and her lover, [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]], the king of the gods. She was treacherously advised by the goddess [[Juno (mythology)|Juno]], Jupiter's wife, to ask him to appear to her in all his divine splendor. He obliged, but, in so doing, brought about her violent death by his divine thunder and lightning. The painting is a representation of "divinized physical love" and the overpowering experience that consumes Semele as the god appears in his supreme beauty which has been called "quite simply the most sumptuous expression imaginable of an orgasm".<ref>Pierre, José, "Gustave Moreau through the Eyes of Succeeding Generations"; In: Paladilhe, Jean, and José Pierre (1972), ''Gustave Moreau'', Trans. by Bettina Wadia. [[New York City]]: [[Praeger Publishers|Praeger]]. [This volume also contains a separate study, Paladilhe's "Gustave Moreau: His Life and Work"], pg 128.</ref>

Of this work, Moreau himself wrote, "Semele, penetrated by the divine effluence, regenerated and purified by this consecration, dies struck by lightning and with her dies the genius of terrestrial love, the genius with the goat hooves".((citation needed|date=March 2017))

==Description==
Moreau described his canvas thus: <blockquote>"In the midst of colossal aerial buildings, with neither foundations nor roof-tops, covered with teeming, quivering vegetation, this sacred flora standing out against the dark blues of the starry vaults and the deserts of the sky, the God so often invoked appears in his still veiled splendor."((citation needed|date=March 2017))
</blockquote>
Moreau's work depicts an intricate, intense, and startling mystical world, haunting and heavily laden with symbolic imagery.  Its iconography is drawn from the ancient myth, from Symbolist writings and from his own personal interpretations, which are deliberately meant to be mysterious and ambiguous. Jupiter is represented conventionally, seated “[[Christ in Majesty|in Majesty]]” with the hapless and bloodied Semele astride his right thigh. His gaze is severe, wide-eyed and fixed straight ahead in fierce prepossession. His throne and surrounding court, however, present an unorthodox and extravagant profusion of architectural and vegetal elements which — while depicted in fine, realistic, even  jewel-like, detail — give the overall impression of a dream-like fantasy world. Everywhere a profusion of vivid colors vies with dark shadows for prominence. Countless teeming gods, goddesses and allegorical figures seem to exist at different scales, independent of, and oblivious to, one another.  The eye must accommodate bizarre shifts in proportion as it ranges across the canvas. Among the figures are three immediately at the feet of Jupiter: a figure of "Sadness" (cradling a bloodied sword), a Great [[Pan (god)|Pan]], and a female “[[Death (personification)|Death]]” holding aloft a white lily. (Moreau: “At the foot of the throne, Death and Sorrow form the tragic basis of Human Life, and not far from them, under the aegis of the eagle of Jupiter, the great [[Pan (god)|Pan]], symbol of Earth, bows his sorrowful brow, mourning his slavery and exile, while at his feet is piled the somber phalanx of the monsters of [[Erebus]] and [[Nyx|Night]]….”)  Jupiter's right foot rests on [[Ouroboros|a snake biting its own tail]]. A frightful [[Hecate]], with her ''[[polos]]'' and crescent moon, appears in the lower left corner. Among the other figures are a three-headed demon and several winged, angelic figures.((citation needed|date=March 2017))

==Reception and interpretation==
The French writer and painter [[Malcolm de Chazal]] (1902&ndash;1981) called the central image of ''Jupiter and Semele'' “this birth-death in one”. The Swedish surrealist [[Ragnar von Holten]] (1934&ndash;2009) described the work as “an allegory of regeneration by death”.((citation needed|date=March 2017))

The theme of Jupiter and Semele has also been interpreted by the painters [[Jacopo Tintoretto]]  (''ca.'' 1545) and [[Jean-Baptiste Deshays de Colleville]] (''ca.'' 1760).

==See also==
*''[[La petite mort]]''

==References==
((Reflist))

((Gustave Moreau))
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Jupiter and Semele))
[[Category:1895 paintings]]
[[Category:Paintings of Jupiter (mythology)]]
[[Category:Paintings by Gustave Moreau]]
[[Category:Paintings of Pan (god)]]
[[Category:Eagles in art]]
[[Category:Oil paintings in the Musée Gustave-Moreau]]
[[Category:Hecate]]

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