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((short description|World's first UHF television station))
((More citations needed|date=November 2021))
((Infobox television station
| callsign               = KC2XAK
| above                  = [[Broadcast relay station#Broadcast translators|Translator]] of [[WNBC|WNBT]], [[New York City|New York, New York]]
| logo                   = 
| logo_size              = 
| logo_alt               = 
| branding               = 
| analog                 = 24 ([[ultra high frequency|UHF]])
| affiliations           = NBC
| network                =
| founded                = 
| airdate                = ((Start date|1949|12|29))
| last_airdate           = ((End date|1952|08|23))<br>(((age in years and days|1949|12|29|1952|08|23)))
| location               = [[Bridgeport, Connecticut]]
| country                = United States
| callsign_meaning       = 
| former_callsigns       = 
| former_channel_numbers = 
| owner                  = [[NBC|National Broadcasting Company]]
| licensee               = 
| sister_stations        = 
| former_affiliations    = 
| erp                    = 10 kW
| haat                   = ((convert|450|ft|m|0|abbr=on))
| class                  = 
| facility_id            = 
| coordinates            = ((coord|41.1934302|N|73.1548329|W|type:landmark_scale:2000))
| licensing_authority    = 
| website                =  
))

'''KC2XAK''' was the world's first [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] television station, which went on the air on December 29, 1949. It was a [[Broadcast relay station#Broadcast translators|broadcast translator]] of [[New York City]]'s WNBT (today's [[WNBC]]), and broadcast on 529–535&nbsp;MHz in [[Bridgeport, Connecticut]].

The station's launch was code-named "'''Operation Bridgeport'''", as a test by [[RCA]] and [[NBC]], to determine if the UHF spectrum was feasible to use for communications and broadcasting as part of a nationwide television station plan. It was operational during a several-year freeze on new television stations by the FCC which lasted from October 1948 to April 1952.

The station used a 1&nbsp;kW transmitter with a 20-dB [[antenna gain|gain antenna]] on a ((convert|210|ft|m|adj=on)) tower elevated ((convert|450|ft|m)) above average terrain at the top of Success Hill. This resulted in an [[effective radiated power]] of 10&nbsp;kW.

Operation Bridgeport was a success in the sense that it demonstrated the viability of UHF broadcasting, and UHF became a major part of the FCC's plan for new television licensing in the early 1950s.<ref>((Cite news|date=1952-03-28|title=New Electronic Science Born In Cottage|pages=2|work=The Manti Messenger|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/55973785/the-manti-messenger/|access-date=2020-07-24))</ref> KC2XAK was shut down by RCA and NBC on August 23, 1952, a few months after the 1948 freeze on new television licenses was lifted. KC2XAK thus was not only the first UHF television station operational in the United States, but the only one for several years.

Once KC2XAK's transmitter was shut down, Empire Coil purchased it, and the transmitter and support equipment were dismantled in Bridgeport under supervision of RCA. Dismantling began on August 25 and was shipped via truck and fast [[freight train]] to [[Portland, Oregon]]. The transmitter was re-assembled as a ((convert|250|ft|m|adj=on)) tower on Council Crest, more than ((convert|1000|ft|m)) above Portland on September 9, 1952. Thus, KC2XAK's transmitter was re-used for Portland's [[KPTV]], which became the first commercial full-power UHF television station in the country. KPTV would utilize the transmitter for five years on channel 27, before merging with another broadcaster on VHF channel 12 in 1957, where it has broadcast since (though the station is scheduled to return its physical transmission to UHF some time in 2022).

Bridgeport is now covered [[terrestrial television|over-the-air]] by WNBC and the other [[Template:New York City TV|New York City broadcast stations]].

==See also==
* [[Early television stations]]
* [[History of television]]
* [[List of experimental television stations]]
* [[Narrow-bandwidth television]]
* [[Oldest television station]]
* [[Television systems before 1940]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070729112034/http://www.ggninfo.com/May05.htm KC2XAK on gginfo.com]

((NYC TV))

[[Category:Mass media in Bridgeport, Connecticut]]
[[Category:History of television in the United States]]
[[Category:Experimental television stations]]
[[Category:Television stations in Connecticut]]
[[Category:History of Bridgeport, Connecticut]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1949]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 1952]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in Connecticut]]
[[Category:1952 disestablishments in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Defunct mass media in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Defunct television stations in the United States]]


((Connecticut-tv-station-stub))

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