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((Infobox song
| name      = Kalinka
| cover     =
| alt       =
| type      =
| language  = Russian
| written   = 1860
| published =
| writer    =
| composer  = [[Ivan Larionov]]
| lyricist  = Ivan Larionov
))
((Refimprove|date=October 2007))

"'''Kalinka'''" (((lang-ru|Калинка))) is a Russian [[folk song|folk-style song]] written in 1860 by the composer and folklorist [[Ivan Larionov]] and first performed in [[Saratov]] as part of a theatrical entertainment that he had composed.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ng.ru/culture/1999-11-26/7_stamp.html|title=Печать неизмеримой самобытности))</ref> Soon it was added to the repertory of a folk [[Choir|choral group]].
==Song==
The refrain of the song  refers to the ''kalinka'', which is the [[Viburnum opulus|snowball tree ''(Viburnum opulus)'']]. It has a speedy [[tempo]] and light-hearted lyrics. The main refrain (Kalinka, Kalinka ...) increases in tempo each time it is sung. One of the best-known singers of this song was [[Evgeny Belyaev]] (1926–1994).<ref>((cite web |title=Евгений Беляев |url=https://music.metason.net/artistinfo?name=%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B5%D0%B2 |website=music.metason.net |publisher=Music Metason |access-date=16 February 2023 |date=2020))</ref>

==Lyrics sample==
<!-- 
The whole text is in wikisource
-->
{| cellpadding=6
! [[Russian language|Russian]]
! [[Transliteration]]
! [[English language|English]]
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|
[[Viburnum|Калинка]], калинка, калинка моя! <br />
В саду ягода малинка, малинка моя!

Ах, под сосною, под зеленою, <br />
Спать положите вы меня! <br />
Ай-люли, люли, ай-люли, люли,<br />
Спать положите вы меня.

|
Kalinka, kalinka, kalinka moya! <br />
V sadu yagoda malinka, malinka moya!

Akh, pod sosnoyu, pod zelenoyu, <br />
Spat' polozhite vy menya! <br />
Ay-lyuli, lyuli, ay-lyuli, lyuli,<br />
Spat' polozhite vy menya.

|
Little red berry,<ref>''Note'': "Cranberry" is not really a translation of the word "Kalinka"</ref>  red berry, red berry of mine! <br />
In the garden (there is) a berry - little raspberry, raspberry of mine!

Ah, under the pine, the green one, <br />
Lay me down to sleep, <br />
Oh-swing, sway, Oh-swing, sway,<br />
Lay me down to sleep.

|}

==Recordings and cultural influence==

Kalinka is considered one of the most famous [[Russian_traditional_music|Russian folk]] and folk-style songs in Russia, and all over the world. <ref>AllMusic, [http://www.allmusic.com/composition/kalinka-little-snowfall-folk-song-mc0002373451 "Kalinka (Little Snowfall)"]</ref><ref>Listen2Russian, ((citation|url=http://www.listen2russian.com/video/kalinka/index.html|title="Kalinka (Калинка)"|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410191202/http://listen2russian.com/video/kalinka/index.html|archive-date=2011-04-10 |access-date=2015-07-31|url-status=dead))</ref>

It appeared in the 1953 film ''[[Tonight We Sing]]'', performed by [[Italian Americans|Italian-American]] operatic bass and actor [[Ezio Pinza]]. The film was a semi-biography of the Russian bass [[Feodor Chaliapin]] who famously sang and, during the early days of recording, recorded the song for [[His Master's Voice|HMV]]/[[Victor Talking Machine Company|Victor]]. Pinza's recording was included on the 10-inch LP [[soundtrack]] album release of the same year, coincidentally from [[RCA Victor]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Discogs online database  |url=https://www.discogs.com/release/2549562-Ezio-Pinza-Roberta-Peters-Jan-Peerce-Tonight-We-Sing |access-date=2023-09-15 |website=www.discogs.com))</ref>

In [[Atari]]'s [[Tetris (Atari)|1988 version]] of ''[[Tetris]]'', Kalinka is featured as one of its theme songs; however, it is labelled "KA'''R'''INKA" in the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] version. Since then, Kalinka has often been included in licensed Tetris games, alongside ''[[Korobeiniki]]'' and ''Troika'', the former of which is now commonly known as "the Tetris theme".<ref>((Cite web |title=Trademark Status & Document Retrieval |url=https://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=77037539&caseType=SERIAL_NO&searchType=statusSearch |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=tsdr.uspto.gov))</ref>

The 2011 [[Hindi]] film ''[[7 Khoon Maaf]]'' directed by [[Vishal Bhardwaj]] features a track called 'Darling' and 'Doosri Darling' which is a cover with its own lyrics in Hindi.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/bharadwaj-offers-variety-in-7-khoon-maaf-album-news-bollywood-lb3kuddgcaasi.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814183942/http://www.sify.com/movies/bharadwaj-offers-variety-in-7-khoon-maaf-album-news-bollywood-lb3kuddgcaasi.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 August 2015|title=Bharadwaj offers variety in 7 Khoon Maaf album|date=29 January 2011|work=Sify|access-date=2018-03-19|language=en))</ref> 

In the video game ''[[Payday 2]]'', released in 2013, "Kalinka" is sometimes sung by Vlad after completing the Four Stores heist.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=baxpTpkJA_E |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/baxpTpkJA_E |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Vlad sings Kalinka for (almost) 10 minutes|date=21 July 2016|access-date=28 October 2019|via=YouTube))((cbignore))</ref>

In the video game ''[[Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Siege]]'', released in 2015, "Kalinka" is used in the introductory video of Tachanka.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ls-0O5pkW9A |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/ls-0O5pkW9A |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Tachanka - Kalinka|last=Karmindooo|date=3 December 2015|access-date=3 December 2018|via=YouTube))((cbignore))</ref>

In the video game ''[[Civilization VI]]'', released in 2016, "Kalinka" is the theme of the Russian civilization, played when the civilization is present in a game. As the player progresses throughout the different civilization eras, additional complexity and layers are added.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=es2PH6Qb7B0&t=456s |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/es2PH6Qb7B0 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Civ6 Russia Peter Theme music Full|last=Civtv|date=20 October 2016|access-date=3 December 2018|via=YouTube))((cbignore))</ref>

"Kalinka" has been played during the closing ceremony of the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]] in Russia by Russian soprano singer [[Aida Garifullina]], featuring the famous former football player [[Ronaldinho]].<ref>((Cite web |title=What does Kalinka Malinka meaning? – Firstlawcomic |url=https://firstlawcomic.com/what-does-kalinka-malinka-meaning/ |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=firstlawcomic.com))</ref><ref>((Citation |title=Kalinka featuring Ronaldinho at the Fifa World cup final 2018 in Moscow |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fA-EvQbUQ7s |language=en |access-date=2022-04-15))</ref>

==Mr Kalinka==
The arrangement of ''Kalinka'' which is traditionally performed by the [[Alexandrov Ensemble]] turned the frivolous song into an operatic [[aria]]. The first ensemble soloist to perform this was Pyotr Tverdokhlebov, but the first to earn the title of Mr Kalinka was [[Victor Ivanovich Nikitin]] at the Berlin peace concert of August 1948, where he sang three encores of the song.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110716155519/http://www.kultura-portal.ru/tree_new/cultpaper/article.jsp?number=116&rubric_id=1001805&crubric_id=1001806&pub_id=354318 "Пастораль над руинами. Германский тур Александров-ансамбля", Анатолий КОМПАНИЕЦ],  The newspaper "Culture": Pastoral over the Ruins, by Anatoly Kompaniets, April 27, 2000 ((in lang|ru))</ref> The title is unofficial and awarded by the audience and journalists present at successful Ensemble concerts where ''Kalinka'' earns numerous encores. A definitive recording of ''Kalinka'' was made in 1963 at the Abbey Road Studios, London by the lyric tenor [[Evgeny Belyaev]], with the Alexandrov Ensemble, under the direction of [[Boris Alexandrovich Alexandrov]].<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Kalinka-Evgeny-Grekov/dp/B000000SHS Recorded on the CD ''Kalinka'']</ref>  Belyaev earned the Mr Kalinka title at the London concerts of 1956 and 1963.<ref>[http://www.ruvr.ru/main.php?lng=eng&q=39077&cid=109&p=23.03.2009 Translated RUVR Voice of Russia: Alexandrov Ensemble] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102134741/http://ruvr.ru/main.php?lng=eng |date=2009-11-02 ))</ref> Since then there have been several Mr Kalinkas, including [[Alexandrov Ensemble soloists|Vasily Ivanovich Shtefutsa]] and [[Alexandrov Ensemble soloists|Vadim Petrovich Ananyev]].<ref>[http://www.rg.ru/2007/12/13/ansambl.html Rg.ru webpage: interview with Ensemble director Leonid Maleev, by Yadviga Yuferova, 2007] In Russian</ref>

==References==
((reflist))

==Further reading==
*[http://www.ng.ru/culture/1999-11-26/7_stamp.html Сергей Сергиевский. "Печать неизмеримой самобытности"], ''[http://www.ng.ru/ Независимая газета]'', 26.11.1999
*[http://www.barynya.com/barynya/Russian_folk_dance_Kalinka.htm Russian folk song and dance Kalinka], at [http://www.barynya.com/index.htm Barynya]

==External links==
((commons))
((Wikisource|Kalinka))
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929035733/http://www.sheetmusic.ru/others/other-910-p.pdf Music sheet of Kalinka]
((authority control))

[[Category:Russian folk songs]]
[[Category:1860 songs]]
[[Category:Lidia Ruslanova songs]]
[[Category:Songs about trees]]
[[Category:Soviet songs]]

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