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((Short description|Austrian politician (1818–1890)))
((refimprove|date=October 2023))[[Image:Karlfvonvogelsang.jpg|thumb|Karl von Vogelsang]]
((Conservatism in Austria|Politicians))
'''Karl Freiherr von Vogelsang''' (3 September 1818 &ndash; 8 November 1890), a journalist, politician and [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] social [[Reform movement|reformer]], was one of the mentors of the [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social]] movement in [[Austria-Hungary]].<ref name=KFV1>((cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Karl-Freiherr-von-Vogelsang|title=Karl, Freiherr von Vogelsang |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |author=Rogers, Kara |date=August 30, 2018 | access-date=September 26, 2018))</ref>

==Life==
He was born in [[Legnica|Liegnitz]] in the [[Silesia Province]] of [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] (present-day Legnica, Poland), studied [[jurisprudence]] at [[University of Bonn|Bonn]], [[University of Rostock|Rostock]] and [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]], and settled at his family's estate Alt-Guthendorf near [[Marlow, Germany|Marlow]] in [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]. After the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the German states|Revolutions of 1848]] Vogelsang moved to [[Berlin]], where he made the acquaintance of [[Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler]] and [[Friedrich Maassen]]. Like Maassen he converted to Catholicism in 1850,<ref name=KFV1/> whereafter he had to resign as deputy to the [[Protestantism|Protestant]] Mecklenburg ''[[Landtag]]''. Vogelsang then worked as a journalist in Catholic [[Southern Germany]] and spent several years in [[Munich]], where he wrote for periodical publications established by the circles around [[Guido Görres]]. From 1859 he accompanied Prince [[Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein|Johann II of Liechtenstein]] on his voyages throughout Europe.
[[File:Karl von Vogelsang Gedenktafel 1210 Wien Senderstraße 130.jpg|thumb|Memorial dedicated to Vogelsang in [[Vienna]]]]
Vogelsang finally settled in [[Austrian Empire|Austria]] in 1864. In 1875, he became editor of the Catholic newspaper ''Das Vaterland'' ("The Native Country") edited by [[Leo von Thun-Hohenstein]]. This [[Conservatism|conservative]] publication was highly influential on [[Catholic social teaching]], helping to establish the [[working time|40-hour work week]] and national [[health insurance]] for workers under the government of Minister-President [[Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe|Eduard Taaffe]]. Vogelsang died at [[Vienna]] in 1890, aged 72. Many of his thoughts found entrance into the 1891 ''[[Rerum novarum]]'' encyclical issued by [[Pope Leo XIII]]. As a social reformer, he was later seen as a precursor by the [[Austrofascism|Austrofascist]] authoritarian state of the 1930s; he was quoted in the regime's propaganda by its leader, Chancellor [[Engelbert Dollfuss]].

==Antisemitism==
Vogelsang was the initiator of the rising Christian people's movement in Austria and in some neighboring countries. Since some former members of the [[Antisemitism|antisemitic]] people's movement of [[Georg Ritter von Schönerer]] (for example the Viennese mayor [[Karl Lueger]]) joined Vogelsang, some authors call Vogelsang an antisemite too. But Vogelsang said as well that Christians not only should pray to God but also do good works for the poor so as to be God's people on the side of the Jews, His first chosen and forever beloved people. 

However, some of Vogelsang's pronouncedly disfavourable remarks about Jews related to his anti-liberal and [[Anti-capitalism|anti-capitalist]] views were included by his admirer, the once [[Austrofascism|Austrofascist]] and later European federalist who survived the [[Buchenwald concentration camp]], [[Eugen Kogon]], in a volume entitled "Catholic-Conservative Heritage" which called for the establishment of a Catholic Third Reich and was edited by the Benedictine abbot of [[Maria Laach Abbey|Maria Laach]], ((ill|Ildefons Herwegen|de)), in 1934, to be distributed to a large share of Catholic households in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland by the [[Herder publishing house]]. 

Many of the people who gathered into Vogelsang's movement, established the [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] in 1893, and some successors like ((ill|Anton Orel|de)) developed strong antisemitic views. Another group of followers like [[Karl Lugmayer]], [[Irene Harand]], Pater ((ill|Cyrill Fischer|de|Zyrill Fischer)), [[Ernst Karl Winter]] (Sociologist and Vice-mayor of Vienna, who in 1938 emigrated to USA), ((ill|Alfred Missong|de)) and [[Hildegard Burjan]], understood Vogelsang's thoughts as laying stress on social questions. They, like some other Christians, strained to help the poor and to establish new social laws, but they also tried to change people's minds and to help persecuted Jews, Karl before and during the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] period.

== References ==
<references />

==External links==
*[http://www.aeiou.at/aeiou.encyclop.v/v630824.htm;internal&action=_setlanguage.action?LANGUAGE=en Entry] at [[Aeiou Encyclopedia]]
*[http://www.kvvi.at/index.php Karl von Vogelsang-Instituts]

((Authority control))
((DEFAULTSORT:Vogelsang, Karl Freiherr Von))
[[Category:Austrian politicians|Vogelsang, Karl von]]
[[Category:Austrian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Barons of Austria]]
[[Category:1818 births]]
[[Category:1890 deaths]]
[[Category:Social reformers]]

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