During the 18th century and the British Raj, Telangana was ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad.[3] In 1823, the Nizams lost control over Northern Circars (Coastal Andhra) and Ceded Districts (Rayalseema), which were handed over to the East India Company. The annexation by the British of the Northern Circars deprived Hyderabad State, the Nizam's dominion, of the considerable coastline it formerly had, to that of a landlocked princely state with territories in the central Deccan, bounded on all sides by British India. Thereafter, the Northern Circars were governed as part of Madras Presidency until India's independence in 1947, after which the presidency became India's Madras state.[4]
The largest percentage of the Telangana population is Hindu. Prior to the annexation of Hyderabad State by India, Muslims formed a significant portion of Kattangoor's population, and Kattangoor was a strong center for Razakars.[7]
The economy of Telangana is mainly driven by agriculture. Two important rivers of
India, the Godavari and Krishna, flow through the state,
providing irrigation, and rice is the major food crop. Other important crops are cotton, sugar cane, mango, and tobacco. Recently, crops used for vegetable oil production such as sunflower and peanuts have gained favor. The area around Kattangoor also produces cattle.
Executive authority is vested in the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, although the titular head of government is the Governor. The governor is the head of state appointed by the President of India. The leader of the party or coalition with a majority in the Legislative Assembly is appointed as the chief minister by the governor, and the Council of Ministers are appointed by the governor on the advice of the chief minister. The Council of Ministers reports to the Legislative Assembly.
The legislature, the Telangana Legislative Assembly and the Telangana Legislative Council, consists of elected members and special office bearers such as the Speaker and Deputy Speaker, that are elected by the members. Assembly meetings are presided over by the speaker or the deputy speaker in the speaker's absence. The Assembly is bicameral with 119 Members of the Legislative Assembly and 40 Member of the Legislative Council. Terms of office run for five years unless the Assembly is dissolved prior to the completion of the term. The Legislative Council is a permanent body with one-third members retiring every two years.
Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local village affairs. The state contributes seats to Lok Sabha.
Education
According to the 2011 census, Telangana's literacy rate was 66.46%. Male literacy and female literacy were 74.95% and 57.92%, respectively.[11]Hyderabad district led with 80.96%.[12]
In a 2019 report, the Key Indicators of Household Social Consumption on Education in India, by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, indicated that Telangana has a literacy rate of 72.8% which is the fourth lowest of large states. It also has the second lowest literacy rate among rural women at 53.7%. About 37.1% of the population aged 3–35 years received free education at pre-primary and higher levels in Telangana.[13]
Culture
The population of Telangana speaks Telugu language, though some of the population also speaks Urdu. Telangana culture combines cultural customs from Persian traditions, embedded during the rule of the region by the Mughals, Qutub Shahis and Nizams, along with prominent and predominantly South Indian traditions and customs. The state has a rich tradition in classical music, painting and folk arts such as Burra Katha, shadow puppet show, and Perini Shivatandavam, Gusadi Dance, Kolatam.
The region is known for historical structures. Kattangoor has three main temples: Mahalaxmi temple, Hanuman temple along with shivalayam, and the Saibaba & Manikanta temple. The Kattangoor village is famous for muramuras, a spicy puffed rice dish.
The NH 65 Highway passes through Kattangoor, providing easy access for business or tourism. The village has a public bus service, and also a nearby railway station.
^P. N. Chopra, B.N. Puri & M.N. Das, A Comprehensive History of India, Volume 3. pg. 298
^"Notification"(PDF). The Gazette of India. Government of India. 4 March 2014. Archived(PDF) from the original on 27 March 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
^Sharma, I. Mallikarjuna (2002). In Retrospect: North India. Hyderabad: Ravi Sasi Enterprises. ISBN81-88151-00-9. In Nakrekal, Motukur, Aenubavula and Kattangur villages the Muslim population was in majority or at any rate quite considerable. They were strong centers for the Razakars.
^"Sub-national HDI – Area Database". Global Data Lab, Institute for Management Research, Radboud University. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018.
^"Telangana Statistics". Telangana state portal, archived from the original on 5 December 2015.
