Kerava (Finnish pronunciation:[ˈkerɑʋɑ]; Swedish: Kervo) is a town in Finland, located in the southern interior of the country. Kerava is situated in the centre of the Uusimaa region. The population of Kerava is approximately 38,000. It is the 30th most populous municipality in Finland. Kerava is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which has approximately 1.58 million inhabitants.
Kerava covers an area of 30.79 square kilometres (11.89 sq mi) of which 0.17 km2 (0.066 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 1,248.02 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,232.4/sq mi). In terms of area, Kerava is the fifth smallest in Finland and the second smallest in the Uusimaa region after Kauniainen. However, it is also the third most densely populated area in the sub-region after Helsinki and Kauniainen. The municipality is monolingual Finnish.
The Sinebrychoffbrewery operations are based in Kerava.[6] There is also a well-known prison in the town (Keravan vankila),[7] which includes 94 places in the open prison ward.
History
Until the Middle Ages, Kerava was a wilderness, until two villages, Ylikerava ("Upper Kerava") and Alikerava ("Lower Kerava"), were created along the Kerava River (Keravanjoki). The first signs of established village settlement date back to the 1440s. Kerava was annexed to Tuusula when the Tuusula parish was founded in 1643. In 1862, the railway between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna was opened, which quickly brought industry to agricultural Kerava; the carpentry factory in Kerava was established in 1908, and the wood industry became an important factor in the development of the town. The coat of arms designed by Ahti Hammar features a woodworking joints made by a carpenter.[8]
In 1924, Kerava was separated from Tuusula as its own township. At that time, it had a population of about 3,000. Originally, it also included part of the Korso area, and Korso railway station was also located in the township area. However, from 1954 onwards, the entire Korso was annexed to the then Helsinki Rural Municipality.[9] During the peak periods of the late 1960s and 1970s, the population almost doubled due to immigration and good transport connections, and new suburbs were created in Kurkela, Kilta and Untola. Kerava was officially granted town rights in 1970.[8]
Geography
Kerava is located in the north of the Helsinki metropolitan area, 27 kilometres north of Helsinki. The city is crossed by the (Helsinki-) Kerava–Lahti railway line and the Lahdenväylä motorway and the Keravanjoki river. Keravanjoki is a tributary of the Vantaanjoki river. Its neighbours are Vantaa to the south, Tuusula to the west and Sipoo to the east. Kerava forms an almost uniform urban area, which can be roughly divided into the centre and Savio in the south and Ahjo in the east. The centre of Kerava is surrounded by several radial streets. A pedestrian street runs through the centre under the railway, which is said to be the longest in Finland (850 metres).
The city of Kerava has 38,227 inhabitants, making it the 30th most populous municipality in Finland. The city of Kerava is part of the Helsinki metropolitan area, which is the largest urban area in Finland with 1,583,038 inhabitants. In Kerava, 14.8% of the population has a foreign background, which is above the national average.[10]
Kerava is a monolingual Finnish-speaking municipality. The majority of the population - 31,718 people or 84.2% - speak Finnish as their first language. In Kerava, 467 people, or 1.2% of the population, speak Swedish.[10] 12.5% of the population of Kerava have a mother tongue other than Finnish or Swedish.[10] As English and Swedish are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon.
At least 40 different languages are spoken in Kerava. The most common foreign languages are Estonian (1.4%), Russian (1.3%), Arabic (0.5%) and English (0.4%).[10]
In 2022, there were 5,586 persons with a migrant background living in Kerava, or 14.8% of the population.[note 1] The number of residents who were born abroad was 4,866, or 12.9% of the population. The number of persons with foreign citizenship living in Kerava was 3,958.[12] Most foreign-born citizens came from Estonia, the former Soviet Union, Turkey and Thailand.[10]
The relative share of immigrants in Kerava's population is above the national average. Moreover, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years.
Religion
In 2022, the Evangelical Lutheran Church was the largest religious group with 55.7% of the population of Kerava. Other religious groups accounted for 3.2% of the population. 41.1% of the population had no religious affiliation.[10]
Transport
Kerava has two railway stations, Kerava Central Railway Station and Savio station. The Kerava Central Railway Station is an interchange station, with connections from the main track from Helsinki to Riihimäki to the tracks to Lahti and Porvoo. The Helsinki Airport (HEL) is located about 15 kilometers to the southwest of the city by car. It is 32 kilometres (20 mi) along Highway 4 (E75) from Kerava to the city center of Helsinki.
Many garlic dishes were named traditional food of Kerava parish in the 1980s: Yrjö's lamb (à la Jorgos), garlic potatoes and crushed garlic in oil, and, as a dessert, a gooseberry pie with vanilla sauce.[13]
Finland
