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((More citations needed|date=September 2023))

[[File:Кириши, офис КИНЕФа.jpg|thumb|right|Kinef headquarters offices in Kirishi]]

'''Kinef''' (((lang-rus|КИНЕФ))), an [[syllabic abbreviation|abbreviation]] for '''Kirishi Petroleum Organic Synthesis''' (((lang-rus|Киришинефтеоргсинтез|Kirishinefteorgsintez))), is a Russian joint stock [[production association]] operating a large [[oil refinery]] based in [[Kirishi]], [[Leningrad Oblast]]. It is a subsidiary of [[Surgutneftegaz]]. The Kirishi refinery is the only one in [[Northwestern Federal District|Northwestern Russia]].

==History==
Construction of the refinery had begun in 1961 in an area devastated by [[World War II]]. The first oil products were produced in 1966. By 1972, the Kirishi refinery had been one of the five largest in the [[Soviet Union]].

In 1980 the plant was reconstructed and started diesel hydrotreating unit with capacity of two million tonnes per year. The main fractionation tower K-5 weighing 335.2 tons, diameter of 5 m and a length of 62 m was delivered by "[[Spetstyazhavtotrans]]" from the factory "Dzerzhinskhimmash".

In 1987 [[Kirishineftekhimexport]] subdivision of Kirishinefteorgsintez was founded to conduct external economic activity of the company. In 1991 it became an independent state-owned enterprise, but continued trading for Kirishinefteorgsintez.

In 1993, the refinery became a part of the [[Surgutneftegaz]] JSC.

In December 1994, the refinery opened a plant for the production of roofing and waterproofing, sound-proof roll material, as well as bitumen-polymer mastic hot applications.  In 1996, a complex for the production of [[linear alkyl benzene]] was opened.  In 1999, a technical re-gas fractionation plant was opened.

During the 1990s, [[Andrey Akimov]], who was managing director from January 1991 to 20 November 2002 at the Swiss financial company IMAG GmbH in Vienna (Austria), worked closely with the administration of the Governor of St. Petersburg [[Anatoly Sobchak]] and especially [[Vladimir Putin]] to provide more than $1 billion in foreign finance for the reconstruction of the Kirishi oil refinery (((lang-ru|Киришинефтеоргсинтез))), which is the largest oil refinery in Russia based upon the amount of fuel produced.<ref>((cite web |url=https://tass.ru/encyclopedia/person/akimov-andrey-igorevich |title=Акимов, Андрей Игоревич: Председатель правления Газпромбанка |trans-title=Akimov, Andrey Igorevich: Chairman of the Management Board of Gazprombank |language=ru |work=[[TASS]] |date=2022 |access-date=13 September 2023 |archive-date=11 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011212455/https://tass.ru/encyclopedia/person/akimov-andrey-igorevich))</ref><ref>((cite news |last=Лукьянов |first=Владимир (Lukyanov, Vladimir) |url=https://www.compromat.ru/page_16483.htm |title="РосУкрЭнерго" и Eural Trans Gas KFT |trans-title=RosUkrEnergo and Eural Trans Gas KFT |language=ru |work=Компромат.Ru |date=29 March 2005 |access-date=13 September 2023))</ref><ref>((cite news |last1=Reznik |first1=Irina |last2=Baraulina |first2=Anna |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-10-23/cold-war-banker-to-putin-billionaires-walks-sanction-wire.html |title=Cold War Banker to Putin Billionaires Walks Sanction Wire |work=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=23 October 2014 |access-date=13 September 2023 |archive-date=26 August 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230826161545/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-10-23/cold-war-banker-to-putin-billionaires-walks-sanction-wire))</ref>

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Portal|Russia|Energy))
*[http://www.kinef.ru/info_main.php Official site] (in Russian)
((Baltic Pipeline System))

[[Category:Oil companies of Russia]]
[[Category:Oil refineries in Russia]]
[[Category:Oil companies of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Companies based in Leningrad Oblast]]
[[Category:Oil refineries in the Soviet Union]]

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