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King Abdulaziz International Airport

مطار الملك عبدالعزيز الدولي

Mataar Al-Malik Abdulaziz Al-Duwaly
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorJeddah Airports Company
ServesJeddah and Mecca, Saudi Arabia
LocationJeddah, Saudi Arabia
Opened1981; 43 years ago (1981)
Hub for
Elevation AMSL15 m / 48 ft
Coordinates21°40′46″N 039°09′24″E / 21.67944°N 39.15667°E / 21.67944; 39.15667
Websitewww.kaia.sa
Maps
JED is located in Saudi Arabia
JED
JED
Location of airport in Saudi Arabia
JED is located in Middle East
JED
JED
JED (Middle East)
JED is located in Asia
JED
JED
JED (Asia)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
16L/34R 4,000 13,123 Asphalt
16C/34C 4,000 13,123 Concrete
16R/34L 3,800 12,467 Asphalt
Statistics (2018[needs update])
Passengers41,200,000[1]
Traffic movement340,333[1]
Economic impact (2012)$11.5 billion[2]
Social impact (2012)126,700[2]

King Abdulaziz International Airport[a] (IATA: JED, ICAO: OEJN, colloquially referred to as Jeddah Airport, Jeddah International Airport, or KAIA), is a major international airport serving the cities of Jeddah and Mecca in Saudi Arabia, located 19 kilometres (12 mi) north of Jeddah and covering an area of 105 square kilometres (41 sq mi). The airport is the busiest in the kingdom and the third-largest by land area. Opened in 1981, it was built to replace the now-demolished Kandara Airport and is named after the founder of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz.

The airport shares its airfield with the RSAF King Abdullah Air Base, and has a royal terminal and three operational passenger terminals, including a Hajj Terminal built exclusively to handle increased traffic during the Islamic Hajj pilgrimage season. It serves as the largest hub for Saudia, the Saudi flag carrier, and as an operating base for national low-cost carriers Flynas and Flyadeal.[3]

History

Before the construction of the King Abdulaziz International Airport, Jeddah and the surrounding region were served by the Kandara Airport located in the southern part of the city. Following a meeting between King Abdulaziz and Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945, the kingdom was gifted a Douglas DC-3 that was operated between the cities of Jeddah, Riyadh, and Dhahran. In 1946, Saudia, the Saudi flag carrier, was set up and operated out of the airport. The company began flying in Hajj pilgrims to the city, first from Lod in Mandatory Palestine, and later from other countries. Construction work began in 1974 and was finalized in 1980, before the airport opened for service on May 31, 1981, having been inaugurated a month earlier.[3] Following construction of the King Abdulaziz International Airport, the Kandara Airport was demolished.[4]

Terminals

South Terminal

Hajj Terminal

Opened in 1981, the South Terminal was one of the first passenger terminals at the airport, and was initially exclusively used by the national flag carrier, Saudia. The architectural design of the building was modeled on Dulles International Airport in the American capital, Washington, D.C., and incorporated tent-like structures. The terminal building consisted of separate departure and arrival lounges, and gates equipped with jet bridges. In 2007, Saudi low-cost carriers Flynas and Sama were also given permission to use the South Terminal, and later, permission to use the terminal was extended to the Indonesian flag carrier, Garuda Indonesia, and another Saudi low-cost airline, Flyadeal. After 40 years of service, on June 26, 2020, it was announced via the airport's official Twitter account that the South Terminal would be closed and its operations would be transferred to the newly-built Terminal 1.[5][6]

North Terminal

The North Terminal at King Abdulaziz International Airport is mainly used by non-Saudi airlines.

South Terminal

Hajj Terminal

Because of Jeddah's proximity to the city of Mecca, the airport has a dedicated Hajj Terminal built to handle pilgrims taking part in the annual Islamic Hajj pilgrimage. The Hajj Terminal can accommodate 80,000 travelers at any given time. The terminal building was designed by Bangladeshi-American architect Fazlur Rahman Khan of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and is known for its tent-like roof structure, engineered by Horst Berger of Geiger Berger Associates.[7] The roof is composed of ten modules, each consisting of twenty-one white tent-like Teflon-coated fiberglass structures suspended from pylons. The modules are grouped together into two blocks of five modules each, separated by a landscaped mall between the blocks.[8][9]

Only customs, baggage handling and similar facilities are located in the air-conditioned building. The vast majority of the complex is a flexible, open area called the Terminal Support Area, which is conceived to function like a village, even consisting of a souk and mosque. Not enclosed by walls, this area is sheltered from the intense sun while allowing for natural ventilation; because of this, some consider it to be a green, environmentally-friendly building. The Hajj Terminal received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1983.[8][9]

Terminal 1

As part of the 2006 development project, a new passenger terminal was constructed. At 810,000 m2 (8,700,000 sq ft), it is one of the largest airport terminals in the world and can handle 30 million passengers annually.[10] Still referred to as the New Terminal, it underwent a soft opening with a domestic flight landing from Gurayat in May 2018. In March 2019, all of Saudia's domestic operations were transferred to operate from the new terminal.[11] In August 2019, Saudia started moving international operations to the new terminal,[12] and in September of that year, the new terminal was officially named Terminal 1 and inaugurated by King Salman.[13] On November 18, 2019, Etihad became the first non-Saudi airline to move to the new facility.[14]

New facilities at Terminal 1 include new lounges, a 18,000 m2 (190,000 sq ft) central garden, a 14-metre (46 ft) tall aquarium that is 10 metres (33 ft) in diameter, a mosque with a capacity of 3,732 worshippers, and a transport center that links the terminal building to the parking area and the Airport–Jeddah station of the Haramain High Speed Railway.[15] It is eventually planned to handle 80 million passengers per year.

Development projects

A development project for the airport started in 2006. The plan included the construction of Terminal 1 and the tallest air traffic control tower in the world at 136 metres (446 ft), airfield hard-standing and paved areas, lighting, fuel network systems, electronic passenger guidance systems and a new storm water drainage network. The development project also includes newly constructed support services building and upgrades to the existing runway and airfield systems.[16]

Other facilities

The General Authority of Civil Aviation maintains its presence at the Building 364, the GACA Hangar.[17] An automated people mover (APM), constructed by Alstom, exists to move passengers between Terminal 1 and the North Terminal.

The Royal Saudi Air Force maintains its presence at the King Abdullah Air Base located towards the north of the airport. The Number 4, Number 16, and Number 20 squadrons of the 8th Wing of the RSAF, operating Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft, use it as their home base.[18]

Haramain High Speed Railway station

Terminal 1 is connected to the Haramain High Speed Railway mainline via a 3.75-kilometre (2.33 mi) branch line. The station at the airport terminal building was named Airport–Jeddah station to distinguish it from the Al-Sulimaniyah–Jeddah station situated closer to downtown Jeddah. It provides regular connections to the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina, and to the King Abdullah Economic City.[19]

٘North Terminal
North Terminal interior

Runways

The airport is served by three parallel runways designated 16L/34R, 16C/34C, and 16R/34L.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens[20]
Afriqiyah Airways Misrata,[21] Tripoli–Mitiga
Air Algérie Algiers
Air Arabia Alexandria, Assiut,[22] Cairo, Luxor,[23] Sharjah, Sohag
AirAsia X Seasonal: Kuala Lumpur–International
Air Astana Almaty[24]
airblue Islamabad, Lahore, Multan, Peshawar
Air Cairo Alexandria, Assiut, Cairo, Giza,[25] Luxor,[26] Sohag
Seasonal: Sharm El Sheikh[27]
Air China Seasonal: Ürümqi
Air India Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai
Air India Express Hyderabad,[28] Kannur,[29] Kozhikode, Mangalore[30]
Air Senegal Dakar–Diass[31]
Air Sial Islamabad, Lahore[32]
AlMasria Universal Airlines Cairo
AnadoluJet Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[33]
Azerbaijan Airlines Baku[34]
Azman Air Seasonal: Kano
Badr Airlines Khartoum(suspended), Port Sudan
Batik Air Makassar
Seasonal: Solo
Batik Air Malaysia Kuala Lumpur–International[35]
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Chittagong, Dhaka
Seasonal: Sylhet
Centrum Airlines Namangan, Tashkent[36]
Citilink Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta[37]
Seasonal: Medan, Palembang,[37] Solo[38]
Cyprus Airways Larnaca[39]
Daallo Airlines Garowe, Hargeisa, Mogadishu
Egyptair Alexandria, Cairo, Luxor
Seasonal: Sharm El Sheikh[40]
Emirates Dubai–International
Eritrean Airlines Asmara
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
Seasonal: Al Ain[41]
Eurowings Berlin, Cologne (both begin 4 November 2024)[42]
flyadeal Abha,[43] Amman–Queen Alia, Cairo,[44] Dammam,[45] Gassim,[45] Ha'il, Hofuf, Istanbul,[46] Jizan, Khartoum (suspended),[44] Riyadh, Tabuk[47]
Seasonal Sarajevo (begins 4 June 2024)[48]
flydubai Dubai–International
FlyEgypt Alexandria, Assiut, Cairo, Sohag[49]
Flynas Abha, Adana, Addis Ababa,[50] Algiers, Almaty,[51] Amman–Queen Alia, Ankara, Asmara,[52] Baghdad, Bahrain, Baku,[53] Beirut, Berlin (begins 4 September 2024),[54] Bishkek,[55] Bodrum, Brussels,[56] Casablanca, Dammam, Doha,[57] Dubai–International, Erbil,[58] Gassim, Giza,[59] Hatay[citation needed], Hofuf,[60] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen,[61] Jizan, Kano, Karachi, Khartoum (suspended), Kuwait City, Lahore, Marseille, Medina, Mumbai,[62] Najran, Namangan, [63] Osh,[55] Riyadh, Salalah, Sarajevo, Sharjah, Sharm El Sheikh, Sohag,[64] Tabuk, Tashkent,[65] Tbilisi, Trabzon, Yanbu[66]
Seasonal: Batumi,[53] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kozhikode,[67] Makassar, Medan, Salzburg,[68] Surabaya, Vienna
Garuda Indonesia Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Seasonal: Banda Aceh, Bandung–Kertajati,[69] Banjarmasin, Makassar, Medan, Padang, Palembang, Solo, Surabaya, Yogyakarta–International[70]
Gulf Air Bahrain
IndiGo Ahmedabad,[71] Delhi, Hyderabad,[72] Kozhikode,[73] Mumbai
Iran Air Seasonal: Ahvaz, Ardabil, Bandar Abbas, Birjand, Bushehr, Gorgan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Kerman, Mashhad, Qeshm, Rasht, Sari, Shiraz, Tabriz, Tehran–Imam Khomeini, Urmia, Yazd, Zahedan, Zanjan
Iraqi Airways Seasonal: Baghdad, Basra, Erbil, Najaf, Sulaimaniyah[74]
ITA Airways Rome–Fiumicino (begins 1 August 2024)[75]
Jazeera Airways Kuwait City
Jordan Aviation Amman–Queen Alia
Jubba Airways Dubai–International, Galkayo
Kam Air Kabul,[76] Kandahar, Mazar-i-Sharif[77]
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City
Libyan Airlines Benghazi, Tripoli–Mitiga
Libyan Wings Seasonal: Tripoli–Mitiga
Lion Air Seasonal: Bandung–Kertajati, Banda Aceh,[78] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Makassar, Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru,[79] Solo, Surabaya, Yogyakarta–International[78]
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International
Seasonal: Alor Setar, Johor Bahru,[80] Kuala Terengganu, Penang
Max Air Seasonal: Kano
Middle East Airlines Beirut
Nesma Airlines Ha'il[81]
Nile Air Alexandria, Assiut,[82] Cairo, Luxor,[82] Sohag[82]
Oman Air Muscat
Pakistan International Airlines Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Multan, Peshawar, Sialkot
Pegasus Airlines Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen, İzmir
Seasonal: Trabzon[83]
Qanot Sharq Bukhara,[84] Fergana,[85] Tashkent[86]
Qatar Airways Doha[87]
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca
Seasonal: Marrakesh
Royal Brunei Airlines Seasonal: Bandar Seri Begawan
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia[88]
SalamAir Muscat, Sohar[89]
Saudia Abha, Abu Dhabi, Abuja (begins 11 May 2024)[90], Addis Ababa, Al Baha, Alexandria, Algiers, Al Jawf, Al Ula, Al Wajh, Amman–Queen Alia, Amsterdam, Ankara,[91] Arar, Baghdad,[92] Bahrain, Bangalore, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[93] Barcelona,[94] Beijing–Daxing,[95] Beirut, Birmingham,[96] Bisha, Cairo, Casablanca, Chittagong,[97] Dammam, Dar es Salaam,[98] Dawadmi, Delhi, Dhaka, Djibouti,[99] Doha,[100] Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Gassim, Geneva, Guangzhou, Gurayat, Ha'il, Hofuf, Hyderabad, Islamabad, Istanbul, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jizan, Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo,[101] Kano, Karachi, Khartoum (suspended), Kochi, Kozhikode,[102][103] Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuwait City, Lahore, London–Gatwick,[104] London–Heathrow, Los Angeles,[105] Lucknow, Madrid, Malè, Manchester, Manila, Mauritius, Medina, Milan–Malpensa, Multan,[106] Mumbai, Munich, Muscat, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Najran, Neom Bay, New York–JFK, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Peshawar, Port Sudan (suspended),[107] Qaisumah, Rafha, Red Sea,[108] Riyadh, Rome–Fiumicino, Sharm El Sheikh, Sharurah, Singapore, Tabuk, Ta'if, Toronto–Pearson,[109] Tunis, Turaif, Vienna, Wadi al-Dawasir, Washington–Dulles
Seasonal: Adana, Agadir, Annaba, Athens, Batam, Chennai ,[110] Constantine, Ghardaïa, İzmir, Makassar, Málaga,[111] Marrakech, Medan, Oran, Salalah, Surabaya, Zurich[112]
SCAT Airlines Almaty[113]
Scoot Singapore
SereneAir Islamabad, Peshawar
Somon Air Dushanbe, Khujand[114]
SpiceJet Ahmedabad, Delhi, Hyderabad,[115] Kozhikode, Mumbai
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike[116]
Sudan Airways Khartoum, Port Sudan (both suspended)
Syrian Air Seasonal: Damascus
Tarco Aviation Khartoum (suspended), Port Sudan
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[117]
Tunisair Tunis
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
Seasonal: Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Bursa, Denizli, Diyarbakır, Erzurum, Gaziantep, Isparta, İzmir, Kayseri, Konya, Samsun, Sivas, Trabzon, Van
Utair Seasonal: Magas
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent[118]
Vistara Mumbai[119]
Wizz Air[120] Bucharest–Otopeni (ends 14 April 2024),[121] Budapest, Larnaca,[122] Milan–Malpensa, Rome–Fiumicino, Venice, Vienna
Yemenia Aden, Seiyun

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
Aerotranscargo Hong Kong, Sharjah[123]
Air France Cargo Dammam, Hong Kong, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
DHL Aviation Bahrain
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Addis Ababa[124]
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Sharjah
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha
Saudia Cargo Addis Ababa, Amsterdam, Bangalore,[125] Brussels, Dammam, Dhaka, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo, Khartoum, Kozhikode, Maastricht/Aachen, Lagos, Lucknow, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, New York–JFK,[126] N'Djamena, Riyadh, Shanghai–Pudong, Sharjah

Accidents and incidents

Statistics

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Annual passenger traffic at JED airport. See Wikidata query.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Arabic: مطار الملك عبدالعزيز الدولي

References

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