You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 44.201.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 23:54, 31 July 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: Visit the FAQ if you are affected .
- Start of block: 13:55, 18 August 2022
- Expiry of block: 13:55, 18 April 2025
Your current IP address is 44.201.28.123. The blocked range is 44.201.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((Short description|1846 killing of Nepalese government officials and royals))
((more citations needed|date=September 2013))
((Infobox civilian attack
|title= Kot Massacre
|image= Kotparva.jpg
|image_upright=1.25
|caption= Kot arsenal at [[Kathmandu Durbar Square|Basantapur Durbar]], Kathmandu
|location=[[Kathmandu Durbar Square|Basantapur Durbar]], Kathmandu
|target= 
|date= ((start date and age|1846|09|19))
|time= night
|timezone= [[Nepal Standard Time]]
|coordinates= 
|type= [[political assassination]] (open court massacre)
|weapons= [[Talwar]], [[rifle]], [[Khukuri]]
|fatalities= 30-40 civil, military officers and palace guards (including then [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] [[Fateh Jung Shah]]<br>[[Kaji (Nepal)|Kaji]] [[Dalbhanjan Pande]]<br>Kaji [[Abhiman Singh Rana Magar]]<br> Kaji [[Bir Keshar Pande]])
|injuries= 
|perp= '''Jang brothers''': ([[Jang Bahadur Rana]], [[Bam Bahadur Kunwar]], Bhaktabir Kunwar, Badri Narsingh Kunwar, Jaya Bahadur Kunwar, [[Krishna Bahadur Kunwar Rana|Krishna Bahadur Kunwar]], [[Ranodip Singh Kunwar]], Jagat Shamsher Kunwar, Dhir Shamsher Kunwar) <br/> '''Jang supporters''':Rana Mehar Adhikari, Bhotu Ghale
))

The '''Kot massacre''' (((lang-ne|कोत पर्व))) took place on 14 September 1846 when then [[Kaji (Nepal)|Kaji]] [[Jang Bahadur Kunwar]] and his brothers killed about 30-40 civil, military officers and palace guards of the Nepalese palace court including the [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] and a relative of the King, [[Fateh Jung Shah|Chautariya Fateh Jung Shah]] and other senior-most ministers and army generals at the palace armory (''Kot'') of [[Hanuman Dhoka]] in [[Kathmandu]]. 

The Kot meeting was called upon by Queen [[Rajya Laxmi Devi]]  after the same night murder of her confidante Kaji [[Gagan Singh Bhandari]]  while performing worship at his prayer room. The Kot meeting turned ugly and eventually, the Jang brothers and their supporters led an open court full-fledged assault on all rival participants in the meeting. This massacre led to the loss of power of political clans such as Chautariyas, [[Pande dynasty|Pandes]], [[Thapa dynasty|Thapas]], and [[Basnyat dynasty|Basnyats]] and that of King [[Rajendra of Nepal|Rajendra Bikram Shah]] and Queen Rajya Laxmi Devi and ultimately the establishment of the [[Rana dynasty|Rana autocracy in Nepal]].

==Background==
[[File:Laxmi devi maharani.jpg|left|thumb|439x439px|Queen Rajya Laxmi Devi]]
At the peak of instability in Nepalese politics, a coalition ministry was formed in September 1845, headed by Fateh Jang Chautaria, but the real power behind the throne was General [[Gagan Singh Bhandari|Gagan Singh Khawas]] ((refn|group=note|He is also referred to as Gagan Singh Bhandari in certain texts.)), who controlled seven regiments in the army compared to the three under the prime minister. [[Abhiman Singh Rana Magar]] and Jung Bahadur Kunwar also served as commanders, each with three regiments. It is occasionally alleged that general Gagan Singh Khawas also had an illicit relationship with [[Rajya Laxmi Devi|Queen Rajya Laxmi Devi]].((citation needed|date=January 2021)) Since the king was mentally unfit to rule, it was the queen who handled affairs of state on his behalf, and in this capacity, it was necessary for her to converse occasionally with the general.

Gagan Singh Khawas was found dead on the balcony of his palace during the night of 16 September 1846. The queen commanded Bahadur, who happened to be ready with his regiments, to assemble the entire administrative establishment of the country immediately at the courtyard of the palace armoury. Following the queen's orders, Jang Bahadur ordered his men to let people inside the Kot but not to let them out without Queen's or his own orders.

==Overview==
Following the Queen's order, courtiers hurried to the Kot as soon as they heard a royal summons. Many of the courtiers were unarmed except for a sword, as they had responded immediately to the royal summons. The armies allocated by [[Jung Bahadur Rana|Jung Bahadur]] also had taken most of the arms of courtiers who had managed to bring them. Queen Laxmi Devi and King Rajendra Bikram Shah were also present in Kot.<ref>((Cite book|title=The Bloodstalisher=Penguin Books Ltd|year=2013|isbn=978-0-143-41637-1|location=New Delhi|pages=137–145 |last1=Ācārya |first1=Bāburāma ))</ref>

At almost midnight, most of the courtiers were present at Kot. Everyone there was full of fears and skeptical thoughts. General [[Abhiman Singh Rana Magar]] spoke to the King about the possibility of a massacre. His presence had relieved some of the members present. Abhiman Singh also fetched three troops under his control to Kot.

Prime Minister Chautariya Fateh Jung Shah had still not arrived. Jung Bahadur Rana called his younger brother Bam Bahadur to fetch Fateh Jung. Emotions ran high among the assembled bands of nobles and their followers, who listened to the Queen give an emotional harangue blaming the [[Pande dynasty|Pandes]] and demanding that [[Abhiman Singh Rana Magar]] to execute Kaji [[Bir Keshar Pande]], whom she suspected for the death of Gagan Singh. Abhiman Singh hesitated and looked to the King. The King hesitated and said to punish the guilty only after a proper investigation of the matter. He pointed out that he must have a discussion with Prime Minister regarding this matter and left. He then left [[Hanuman Dhoka]] palace and went to the [[Resident (title)|British residency]]. When he was denied an audience with the Resident at such a late hour, he went to [[Narayanhity Palace Museum|Narayanhiti Palace]]. In Narayanhiti, King Rajendra had some time alone with the Prime Minister. Either King Rajendra had not wanted to give information about the conditions at Kot or Fateh Jung had not understood the point. In either case, Fateh Jung went to Kot with simple security.

Meanwhile, at Kot, surrounded by Jang Bahadur's regiments, tension grew high as most of the nobles and Prime Minister Fateh Jang Shah gathered there. Seeing a high possibility of bloodshed, Jang Bahadur, Fateh Jang and Abhiman Singh Rana decided that Jang Bahadur and Fateh Jang should try to calm the Queen, and [[Abhiman Singh Rana Magar]], who had disobeyed the Queen's orders, would stay behind. As the two went to find the Queen, Abhiman Singh decided to move his own regiments to Kot, but he was prevented from leaving. Abhiman Singh tried to force his way out, and was killed in the process. After panic ensued, the bloodshed began. Many [[Thapa dynasty|Thapas]], [[Pande dynasty|Pandes]] and [[Basnyat dynasty|Basnyats]] died, including Fateh Jang, Khadga Bikram Shah and [[Dalbhanjan Pande]]. Some escaped by climbing over walls and roofs and even through the drainage systems. Jang Bahadur easily used the situation to eliminate his rivals.<ref>((Cite book|title=Democratic Innovations in Nepal: Case Study of Political Acculturation|last1=Joshi|first1=Bhuwan Lal|last2=Rose|first2=Leo E.|publisher=University of California Press|year=1966|isbn=0520006224|location=Berkeley|pages=30–31))</ref>

==Aftermath==
Jang Bahadur was made Prime Minister by the queen immediately after the massacre. Feeling he presented a threat to her power, the Queen conspired to eliminate Jang Bahadur and elevate her son to the throne. The Basnyat Conspiracy—so called because many of its participants belonged to one of the last leading noble families, the Basnyat—was betrayed and its ringleaders were rounded up and executed at Bhandarkhal Parva. A meeting of leading notables, packed with Rana supporters, found the Queen guilty of complicity in the plot, stripped her of her powers, and sent her into exile at [[Varanasi]], along with King Rajendra. The King began plotting his return from India. In 1847, Jang Bahadur informed the troops of the exiled King's activities, announced his dethronement, and elevated Rajendra's son to the throne as Surendra Bikram Shah. King Rajendra Bikram was captured later that year in the [[Terai]] and brought back as a prisoner to [[Bhaktapur|Bhadgaon]], where he spent the rest of his life under house arrest. Jang Bahadur then established the Rana dynasty, which ruled Nepal for more than a century.

== See also ==
((Portal|Nepal))
*[[List of massacres in Nepal]]

== Further reading ==
((Refbegin|30em))
*[https://cdn.loc.gov/master/frd/frdcstdy/ne/nepalbhutancount00sava/nepalbhutancount00sava.pdf Library of Congress – Nepal and Bhutan: Country Studies]
((Refend))

== References ==
((Reflist))
===Notes===
((reflist|group=note))

((Authority control))
[[Category:Conflicts in 1846]]
[[Category:1846 in Nepal]]
[[Category:September 1846 events]]
[[Category:Massacres in 1846]]
[[Category:Massacres in Nepal]]
[[Category:Rana regime]]
[[Category:Jung Bahadur Rana]]
[[Category:History of Kathmandu]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Kot massacre (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox civilian attack (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Lang-ne (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Longitem (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNUMBER (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refbegin/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refend (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Refn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Start date and age (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Time ago (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Trim (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Exponential search (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Time ago (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data/scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Kot massacre.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kot_massacre"