Krajenka is located approximately 15 kilometers south of Złotów, 50 kilometers south-east of Szczecinek and 160 kilometers east of the regional center, Szczecin. It is located on the Głomia [pl] river, a tributary of the Gwda river. It is part of the ethnographic region of Krajna, located in the northern part of the historic Greater Poland region.
History
Saint Anne church
The first mention of the town is from 1286, back then it belonged to noble family of Danaborski whose Coat of Arms was Toporczyk. The name of the town itself comes from the Polish word Krajna, which meant in the past a location on the borders of Polish state. Throughout centuries it was connected to Polish royalty and such families as Danaborski, Dahlke, Kościelecki, Grudziński, Działyński, Sułkowski, Komierowski.[1]
Following the First Partition of Poland, in 1772 it was annexed by Prussia. In 1787 the city suffered a fire. After the last Polish owner of the town Jakub Komierowski [pl] was killed by the Prussians in 1807, the town was confiscated by Prussian officials and passed from Polish to German hands.[1] In 1846 a Protestant church was built by the famous German architect Carl Friedrich Schinkel. In 1871 a railway station of the Prussian Eastern Railway was built south of the Głomia [pl] river. The town was then the property of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia. According to the German census of 1890, the town had a population of 3,344, of which 400 (12%) were Poles.[2]
Despite the policy of Germanisation, local Poles in the early 20th century founded the People's Bank and a Polish Catholic Society.[1] After Poland regained independence in 1918, the Polish inhabitants made efforts to reintegrate the town with Poland, but despite their requests and protests, the Treaty of Versailles granted the town to Germany.[1] Then it was made part of the province of Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen. On 21 June 1924, the town made history within German law as the Reichsgericht confirmed private ownership by Prinz Friedrich Leopold, including, where he died in 1931. In 1931, local Poles founded a Polish school.[1] Its teacher, Franciszek Gliszewski, was arrested and murdered by the Germans in the Flossenbürg concentration camp after the outbreak of World War II in 1939.[3]
On 30 January 1945 the SovietRed Army occupied the abandoned and severely destroyed town during the final stages of World War II. Many of the inhabitants had fled during the winter of 1944/1945. After the war the town was finally reintegrated with Poland under the Potsdam Agreement.
Saint Joseph church
Number of inhabitants by year
Year
Number
1772
900
1783
848
1805
1,946
1831
2,035
1853
3,063
1857
2,061
1875
3,303
1880
3,531
1890
3,344
1925
3,354
1933
3,345
1939
3,233
1945
150
1960
3,100
2006
3,651
Note that the table is based on primary, possibly inaccurate or biased sources.[4][5][6][7]
Notable people
Antoni Januszewski [pl] (1914-1939), Polish Catholic priest, murdered by the Germans during World War II[8]
Siggi Wilzig (1926-2003), Auschwitz Holocaust survivor, CEO of Wilshire Oil Company[9]
See also
Krojanker, several surnames derived from the names of the location
References
^ abcde"Krajenka". Gmina i Miasto Krajenka (in Polish). Retrieved 1 March 2020.
Poland
