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((Short description|Several different types of desserts))
((Other uses))
((Refimprove|date=February 2013))
((Infobox prepared food
| name             = Kuchen
| name_lang        = de
| name_italics     = true
| image            = marmorkuchen.jpg
| caption          = [[Marmorkuchen]]
| alternate_name   =
| country          = [[Germany]]
| region           =
| creator          =
| course           =
| type             = [[Dessert]]s and [[pastry|pastries]]
| served           =
| main_ingredient  =
| variations       =
| calories         =
| other            =
))

'''Kuchen''' (((IPA-de|ˈkuːxən|-|De-Kuchen.ogg))), the [[German language|German]] word for [[cake]], is used in other languages as the name for several different types of savory or sweet [[dessert]]s, [[pastry|pastries]], and gateaux. Most Kuchen have eggs, flour and sugar as common ingredients while also, but not always, including some fat. (The sugar might possibly be replaced by honey or even, in cakes directed to diabetic people or people on a diet, a sugar substitute.) In Germany it is a common tradition to invite friends over to one's house or to a cafe between noon and evening to drink coffee and eat Kuchen ("Kaffee und Kuchen"<ref>((Cite journal|last=Wurz|first=H.|date=1994|title=Cuisine: Kaffee und Kuchen|journal=German Life|volume=1|issue=2|page=50))</ref><ref>((Cite journal|last=Hudgins|first=Sharon|date=2015|title=COFFEE TAKES THE CAKE: The German Tradition of 'Kaffee und Kuchen'|journal=German Life|volume=21|issue=5|pages=50–52))</ref>).

The term itself may cover as many distinct desserts as its English counterpart "cake". However, the word "cake" covers both Kuchen and [[Torte]], sometimes confused with one another, the key difference being that a Torte is a Kuchen that is decorated or layered with cream, frosting, [[ganache]], or fruit based filling after baking. A Kuchen is typically less decorative or fancy in nature. On the other hand, the word "Kuchen" covers desserts that English would call "pie", such as ''Apfelkuchen'' (apple pie). Examples of a Torte made from a base Kuchen include the Jewish [[Palacsinken Torte]]<ref name=":0">((Cite book|title=The Book of Jewish Food: An Odyssey from Samarkand to New York|last=Roden|first=C.|publisher=Alfred a Knopf Incorporated|year=1996))</ref> and [[Mohn Torte]] (or Kindli).

==Varieties<ref>((Cite book|title=Bayerische Kochbuch|last1=Hofmann|first1=M.|last2=Lydtin|first2=H.|publisher=Birken-Verlag|year=1977|location=München))</ref>==
* A '''[[pie]]-like''' pastry, with a thick, "cakey" crust and a sweet [[custard]] based or chopped fruit topping, known as an Obstkuchen or a type of [[Fruitcake|fruit cake]]. This variation sometimes has a sweet icing or decorative cream topping. Variations include Erdbeerkuchen and Apfelkuchen.

People who trace their ancestry to the group known as [[Germans from Russia]] call a pastry like the first half of this definition "Kuchen." It is not called Obstkuchen. It is not at all like a fruit cake and it does not have an icing. It is the official South Dakota State Desert. (See the Germans from Russia Heritage Society [grhs.org] and on [[Facebook]], Germans from Russia Food and Culture.)<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.southdakotamagazine.com/cooking-kuchen|title=Cookin' Kuchen))</ref>

* A '''rolled-pastry''', specifically called Kuchenrolle, with a long spiral of dough sometimes filled with cream or jam, rolled, baked and then sliced to serve. This is sometimes known as a [[nut roll]] when nuts are added.
* A '''[[coffee cake]]-like''' pastry, marbled with veins and pockets of [[cinnamon]], baked throughout; its primary components are butter and sugar. A [[marble cake]] or [[pound cake]] would be variations of this form, specifically known as a Marmorkuchen and Rührkuchen respectively. [[Streuselkuchen]] is a variation of this form.
* A '''[[cheese cake]]-like''' pastry, specifically called Käsekuchen, with a [[yeast]] raised crust, sometimes filled with fruit (cherry is most popular), and a creamy filling made from the German cheese [[Quark (cheese)|Quark]].
* A '''[[pan-fried]] pastry''', specifically known as [[Pancake#Germany|Pfannkuchen]], a German [[pancake]] thicker than French Crepes and often filled with a sweet or savory filling. An egg based variation is called Eierkuchen.[[File:ALDI-Baumkuchen 0003.jpg|thumb|[[Baumkuchen]]]]
* A '''layered''' pastry, commonly known as a [[Baumkuchen]], made over a spit while brushing on layers of batter.
* A '''sheet-cake-like''' pastry, specifically known as Blechkuchen, with variations similar to other forms of Kuchen with the key difference being that this form is baked on a sheet. Can be butter based, known as [[Butterkuchen]], or filled with fruit. [[Lebkuchen]] is one such variation commonly made during Christmas.
Kuchen also does not have to fall under a sweet category as there are savory variations of it as well. These are called Pikante Kuchen, with examples such as [[Zwiebelkuchen]], [[Speckkuchen]], and Kartoffelkuchen (often paired with fresh wine or beer).

==Jewish variations and traditions==

In the [[United States]], back when [[American Jews|Jewish immigrants]] were first arriving in the country, many of the recipes that they brought with them utilized dried fruits as it was difficult to come across fresh ones in their home countries. One that was particularly favored is compote. Desserts have long since changed to become more sophisticated as fresh fruits are now abundant.<ref>((Cite journal|last=Newman|first=B.|date=1997|title=The Jewish Kitchen: Fresh summer fruits sparkle in kuchen and coffee cake|journal=MetroWest Jewish News|volume=L1|issue=25|page=48))</ref>

[[Lekach]] is a Jewish honey cake of German origin. It comes from [[Lebkuchen]], or honey-sweetened gingerbread. This has roots from as early as the twelfth century, when it was customary for boys attending heder (school for Jewish children) to bring a piece of honey cake to the first day of school.<ref name=":0" />

[[Rugelach]] is a form of the rolled-pastry variation of Kuchen. They are usually filled with nuts and raisins, with a pastry composed of cheese curds and sour cream.<ref name=":0" />

[[Mandelbrot (cookie)|Mandelbrot]], which literally means almond bread, resembles and is served toasted like bread despite not being made of bread dough. They are commonly paired with sweet wine, and when compared to [[Biscotti]] they are more "cakey" and softer.

==Cultural influence==
Kuchen dessert recipes are presumably handed down from people of German heritage and as such are often popular in many areas of German settlement in the [[United States]], particularly [[Montana]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Indiana]], [[Minnesota]], and [[Wisconsin]].

Kuchen was introduced into [[Chilean cuisine]] when [[German Chileans|German immigrants]] settled [[Zona Sur|southern Chile]] in the 1850s. Kuchen in [[Chile]] usually have fruits, such as apples, strawberries or [[Ugni molinae|murtas]]. Nontraditional Chilean Kuchen with walnuts are sometimes offered. Now Kuchen are found in many Chilean bakeries and in many of the larger supermarkets.

In [[Brazil]] it is called "cuca", or less commonly, "cuque" and can be found in areas of German settlement, like [[Rio Grande do Sul]], [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]] and [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]] states.

The French [[quiche]] was influenced((fact|date=August 2017)) by the savory version of German Kuchen and is now known as a traditional French dish.

In 2000, a Kuchen was designated the state [[dessert]] of [[South Dakota]].<ref>((cite web |url=http://sos.sd.gov/content/viewcontent.aspx?cat=adminservices&pg=/adminservices/bluebookpdfs/2011bluebook/2011SouthDakotaLegislativeManual.pdf |title=State Seal and Emblems |last1=Grant |first1=Jason M. |date=2011 |work=South Dakota Legislative Manual 2011 |page=239 |publisher=State of South Dakota |access-date=6 July 2012))</ref> Introduced by [[German Americans|German settlers]] in the 1870s, Kuchen is now found throughout the state and can be found in peach, apple, prune and chocolate pecan variations.<ref>((Cite journal|last=Long|first=D. T.|year=2011|title=Hometown desserts: regional favorites that will sate your sweet tooth across the U.S. Just remember to save room|journal=Taste of Travel|publisher=National Geographic Traveler|volume=28|issue=5|page=43))</ref>

==See also==
((Portal|Food))
* [[Austrian cuisine]]
* [[Backe, backe Kuchen]]
* [[German cuisine]]
* [[List of German desserts]]
* [[Saxon cuisine]]

== References ==
<references />

((Cakes))
((German pies))

[[Category:Cakes]]
[[Category:Chilean cuisine]]
[[Category:Chilean desserts]]
[[Category:German desserts]]
[[Category:German pies]]
[[Category:Sweet pies]]
[[Category:Symbols of South Dakota]]

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