You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 44.201.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 23:54, 31 July 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: Visit the FAQ if you are affected .
- Start of block: 13:55, 18 August 2022
- Expiry of block: 13:55, 18 April 2025
Your current IP address is 44.201.28.123. The blocked range is 44.201.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((More citations needed|date=April 2016))
((Use dmy dates|date=February 2022))
((Infobox body of water
| name               = Lake Forsyth <br> Wairewa
| image              = Little River Rail Trail 013.JPG
| alt                = Lake Forsyth from the Little River Rail Trail
| caption            = Lake Forsyth from the [[Little River Rail Trail]]
| image_bathymetry   = 
| caption_bathymetry = 
| location           = [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]], [[South Island]]
| coords             = ((coord|43.8050|S|172.7407|E|type:waterbody_region:NZ|display=inline,title))
| type               = 
| pushpin_map        = New Zealand South Island
| pushpin_map_alt    = Location of Lake Forsyth
| inflow             = [[Takiritawai River]]
| outflow            = [[Seepage]], artificial opening
| catchment          = 
| basin_countries    = New Zealand
| length             = ((convert|7.6|km|abbr=on))
| width              = ((convert|1|km|abbr=on))
| area               = ((convert|627.5526|ha|abbr=on))
| depth              = ((convert|1|m|abbr=on))
| max-depth          = ((convert|4|m|abbr=on))
| volume             = 
| residence_time     = 
| shore              = 
| elevation          = ((convert|0|m|abbr=on))
| frozen             = 
| islands            = 
| cities             = [[Little River, New Zealand|Little River]]
))
'''Lake Forsyth''' (known to [[Māori people|Māori]] as '''Te Roto o Wairewa''') is a lake on the south-western side of [[Banks Peninsula]] in the [[Canterbury, New Zealand|Canterbury]] region of [[New Zealand]], near the eastern end of the much larger [[Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora]]. [[New Zealand State Highway 75|State Highway 75]] to [[Akaroa]] and the [[Little River Rail Trail]] run along the north-western side of the lake.

The lake is fed by the [[Takiritawai River]]. Its natural discharge into the sea is through a gravel bank at the small community of [[Birdlings Flat]]. 

Wairewa was an important source of eels as food for the [[Ngāi Tahu]] tribe (indigenous Maori people of the South Island). It is the only Ngāi Tahu customary lake. The Wairewa Rūnanga, one of 18 [[rūnanga]] of Ngāi Tahu, are the guardians or kaitiaki of the lake.

Deforestation of the surrounding hills has led to erosion and silting up of the lake. The lake is [[Hypertrophy|hypertrophic]], leading to [[eutrophication]] with corresponding poor water quality.<ref>((cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/lifestyle/mainlander/19456|title=Rescuing a blighted Lake Forsyth|last=Crean|first=Mike|date=26 October 2007|work=[[The Press]]|accessdate=2016-04-27))</ref> This decline in water quality has been known since the early 1900s. In 2016, after a spell of dry weather, the water quality deteriorated and recurring [[algal bloom]]s made the water toxic. Animals, including pets and sheep, died after drinking the water.<ref>((cite web |last=Mitchell |first=Charlie |url= http://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/79201011/canterburys-poisonous-lake-forsyth-kills-sheep-full-of-green-slime |title=Canterbury's poisonous Lake Forsyth kills sheep, full of green slime |date=27 April 2016 |website=Stuff |accessdate=2016-04-27))</ref>

The Wairewa Rūnanga has created an outlet canal that is occasionally opened to the sea when there is a risk of flooding due to heavy rain. The lake's health has improved since the canal was created. A bridge over the canal was built in 2018. Prior to that, vehicle access across the outlet was restricted for up to weeks at a time whenever the outlet canal was opened to the sea.<ref>((cite news |title=Access issue water under the bridge |date=9 April 2018 |url= https://newsline.ccc.govt.nz/news/story/access-issue-water-under-the-bridge |newspaper=Newsline |publisher=Christchurch City Council |access-date=2 May 2022))</ref>

== Geography ==
Lake Forsyth is long, narrow and shallow.<ref>((Cite web |last=[[Environment Canterbury]] |title=Te Roto o Wairewa / Lake Forsyth |url=https://lakes380.com/lakes/forsyth/ |access-date=27 July 2022 |website=Lakes380))</ref> It has undergone dynamic change over its short lifespan, from bay to [[estuary]] to [[lagoon]].<ref name=":0">((Cite web |last=Kirk R.M. and Lauder G.A. |date=2000 |title=Significant coastal lagoon systems in the South Island, New Zealand |url=https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/sfc146.pdf |access-date=20 July 2022 |website=Science for Conservation |publisher=[[Department of Conservation (New Zealand)|Department of Conservation]]))</ref> Up until a few thousand years ago it was an embayment in the [[Canterbury Bight]], fully exposed to the fury of southerly waves.<ref name=":0" /> Over time, a spit of sand and gravel grew, fed by a strong [[longshore drift]]. The spit, grew steadily, until it ran into [[Banks Peninsula]] and could grow no more, but the sand and sediment kept coming.<ref>((Cite journal |last=[[Jane Soons|Soons, Jane]] |date=1998 |title=Recent coastal change in Canterbury – The case of Lake Forsyth/Wairewa |journal=New Zealand Geographer |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=7–14|doi=10.1111/j.1745-7939.1998.tb00516.x ))</ref> The spit had become a barrier, now named [[Kaitorete Spit]]. It closed off a nearby lake basin from the sea, creating the [[waituna]] now known as [[Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora]].<ref>((Cite journal |last=[[Jane Soons|Soons, Jane]], Shulmeister J, Holt S. |date=1997 |title=The Holocene evolution of a well nourished gravelly barrier and lagoon complex, Kaitorete "Spit", Canterbury, New Zealand |journal=Marine Geology |volume=138 |issue=1–2 |pages=69–90|doi=10.1016/S0025-3227(97)00003-0 |bibcode=1997MGeol.138...69S ))</ref> 

Within perhaps a further 1000 years, the barrier barred the mouth of the bay turning it into an estuary, where tidal waters could still go in and out. However, the progressive thickening of barrier impounded the estuary, kept the sea out, and it became a lagoon. Freshwater seeped out but sea water couldn't flow it. The opening was navigable by [[Waka (canoe)|waka]] canoes and small coastal schooners in the 1860s.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite web |title=Wairewa — Lake Forsyth |url=https://my.christchurchcitylibraries.com/ti-kouka-whenua/wairewa/ |access-date=27 July 2022 |website=Tī Kōuka Whenua))</ref>

If natural coastal processes were left to operate, Lake Forsyth would eventually become a lake. It is one of many lagoons and estuaries misnamed on New Zealand maps.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Lake Forsyth))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081002033027/http://www.wairewa.org.nz/ Wairewa Research Project] – a collaborative project by the Wairewa runanga focussing on rehabilitation of Te Roto o Wairewa/Lake Forsyth

[[Category:Lakes of Canterbury, New Zealand|Forsyth]]
[[Category:Geography of Christchurch]]
[[Category:Lagoons of New Zealand]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Lake Forsyth (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Both (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite news (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Commons category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Coord (view source) (protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Has short description (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:If first display both (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox body of water (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Location map (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Native name checker (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Plainlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Replace (view source) (protected)
Template:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Sister project (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Coordinates (view source) (protected)
Module:Coordinates/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:GetParameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox body of water tracking (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox mapframe (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Location map (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Location map/data/New Zealand South Island (edit)
Module:Location map/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Mapframe (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Math (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Native name (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Plain text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Settlement short description (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Side box/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:String2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Type in location (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:WikidataIB (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/nolinks (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataIB/titleformats (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Lake Forsyth.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Forsyth"