The Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve includes land and water areas along the St. Louis River and Lake Superior in Douglas County, in the northwest corner of Wisconsin, United States. It is one of 29 National Estuarine Research Reserves. The Reserve is operated as a program of the Natural Resources Institute of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension. It has an area of 16,697 acres (6,757 ha), and was designated in 2010.^[1]

Location

The Lake Superior Reserve is situated on the westernmost tip of Lake Superior, and represents portions of the lower St. Louis River freshwater estuary within the state of Wisconsin. The St. Louis River is the largest United States tributary to Lake Superior and flows 179 miles (288 km) through a 3,634 square miles (9,410 km²) watershed within Wisconsin and Minnesota, eventually creating 23 miles (37 km) of the boundary between the two states.

Diversity

The site is diverse and includes the following representative ecosystem types: maritime forest-woodland (northern coniferous biome, temperate deciduous forest biome), coastal shrublands, coastal grasslands, coastal marshes and coastal swamps. The hydrographic characteristics of the site include stratified circulation, with a tide type dominated by wind/storm tides and related seiche (sometimes called “slosh”). Surface water runoff from the St. Louis River watershed is the primary source of freshwater into the estuarine system.

The Reserve includes areas of national significance, including the world's largest freshwater bay mouth sand bar (Wisconsin Point), estuarine wetlands, and steep highly erodible red clay bluffs. Significant historic and cultural sites exist within or adjacent to the boundary including Native American cultural sites throughout the estuary and on Wisconsin Point and historic lumbering and shipping sites along the estuary's shore.

The wetlands of the St. Louis River freshwater estuary form one of the largest complexes of estuarine wetlands in the Lake Superior Basin. The coastal wetland complex is a mosaic of varying combinations of submergent marsh, emergent marsh, wet meadows or fens, and wet shrublands. Two Wisconsin State Natural Areas (SNAs) and 11 Wisconsin Priority Wetlands are found within the boundaries.

Recently, Priority Conservation Opportunity Areas were identified for Wisconsin's Wildlife Action Plan. Through that process, the wetlands and boreal forest associated with the St. Louis River freshwater estuary complex were identified as an area of continental significance. While some portions of the Reserve have been influenced and altered by human activities, the many designations and recognitions of valuable habitats within the St. Louis River freshwater estuary complex clearly indicate that there are portions that remain relatively pristine.

On the bay mouth bars that separate the river from Lake Superior, there are rare plant communities that are found only in the Great Lakes region. Major site features include several miles of open sand beach and dunes, small interdunal wetlands, and a xeric forest of white and red pines. The transition zone between boreal forest, northern hardwoods forest, and Great Lakes pine forest is also unique.

Components

The 16,697-acre (6,757 ha) Lake Superior Reserve is a combination of four distinct land components and portions of the connecting waterways in the northwest corner of Wisconsin where the St. Louis River flows into Lake Superior. Each component possesses its own combination of habitats.

The Reserve includes uplands and submerged lands; riparian and riverine habitat; riverine islands; emergent freshwater marshes, interdunal wetlands and scrub swamp; aspen, dry and hardwood forests; and open sand beach and dunes. The four components are not contiguous but are located within 10 miles (16 km) of each other.

The Red River Breaks

This component consists primarily of state-owned upland and wetland habitats along the St. Louis River. Its 6,926 acres (2,803 ha) make it the largest component within the Reserve.

Pokegama Bay component

Unique to the Reserve System, the Pokegama Bay component, downstream of Red River Breaks, contains one of the largest municipal forests in the United States. Its 6,723 acres (2,721 ha) contain extensive forested wetlands, uplands, clay flats and submerged lands.

South of Pokegama Bay

South of Pokegama Bay is the smallest component, the Pokegama-Carnegie Wetlands. Owned by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR), this 226-acre (91 ha) area is part of the largest and most intact red clay wetlands remaining in northwest Wisconsin.

Wisconsin Point

The Wisconsin Point component is approximately 2,822 acres (1,142 ha) of estuarine wetlands, dry forest and Lake Superior water and lake bed. Wisconsin Point has exceptional habitat value and includes a bay mouth bar separating the waters of Lake Superior from Allouez Bay. Native American tribal cultural sites are found on Wisconsin Point and throughout the lower St. Louis River freshwater estuary. The lands within this component are owned by a combination of city, county, state, and university entities.

Sponsors and facilities

The Reserve is sponsored by the Cooperative Extension division of University of Wisconsin-Extension and hosted at the University of Wisconsin-Superior. Reserve offices and research facilities are on Barker's Island in Superior Bay, part of the Duluth-Superior harbor.^[2]

Freshwater estuaries

The Lake Superior Reserve site represents a previously unrepresented biogeographic region within the National Estuarine Research Reserve System – the Great Lakes, Lake Superior subregion. The Lake Superior Reserve and the Old Woman Creek (Lake Erie in Ohio) are the only Great Lakes freshwater estuaries in the Reserve System.

This subregion contains all of Lake Superior and its freshwater estuaries. One of these estuaries formed where the waters of the St. Louis River enter Lake Superior. Lake Superior, which is bordered by Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Ontario, Canada, is the largest of the Great Lakes and the most pristine.

Freshwater estuaries occur where rivers and Great Lakes water mix in shallow wetlands located near the mouth of a river. The Reserve contains all three common defining characteristics of a Great Lakes freshwater estuary including a) presence of a drowned river mouth b) adequate zone of transition between lake and river water and c) influence from tide or seiche.

References

External links

University of Wisconsin–Superior

National Estuarine Research Reserves of the United States

National Estuarine Research Reserves of the United States
Apalachicola Ashepoo Combahee Edisto Basin Bahía de Jobos Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake Bay Delaware Elkhorn Slough Grand Bay Great Bay Guana Tolomato Matanzas He‘eia Hudson River Jacques Cousteau Kachemak Bay Lake Superior Mission-Aransas Narragansett Bay North Carolina North Inlet-Winyah Bay Old Woman Creek Padilla Bay Rookery Bay San Francisco Bay Sapelo Island South Slough Tijuana River Waquoit Bay Weeks Bay Wells
Category Commons

Protected areas of Wisconsin

Federal

National Park Service	Apostle Islands National Lakeshore Ice Age National Scientific Reserve Saint Croix National Scenic Riverway
National Forests	Chequamegon-Nicolet
National Wildlife Refuges	Driftless Area Fox River Gravel Island Green Bay Hackmatack Horicon Marsh Necedah Trempealeau Upper Mississippi River Whittlesey Creek
National Trails	Ice Age Trail Timms Hill Trail North Country Trail
National Estuarine Research Reserves	Lake Superior
National Marine Sanctuaries	Wisconsin Shipwreck Coast
National Wild and Scenic Rivers	St. Croix River Wolf River
National Wilderness System	Blackjack Springs Gaylord Nelson Headwaters Porcupine Lake Rainbow Lake Whisker Lake Wisconsin Islands

State

State Parks	Amnicon Falls Aztalan Belmont Mound Big Bay Big Foot Beach Blue Mound Brunet Island Buckhorn Capital Springs Copper Culture Copper Falls Council Grounds Devil's Lake Governor Dodge Governor Nelson Governor Thompson Grand Traverse Island Harrington Beach Hartman Creek Heritage Hill High Cliff Holzhueter Farm Interstate Kinnickinnic Kohler-Andrae Lake Kegonsa Lake Wissota Lakeshore Lizard Mound Menominee River Merrick Mill Bluff Mirror Lake Natural Bridge Nelson Dewey New Glarus Woods Newport Pattison Peninsula Perrot Potawatomi Rib Mountain Roche-a-Cri Rock Island Rocky Arbor Straight Lake Tower Hill Whitefish Dunes Wildcat Mountain Willow River Wyalusing Yellowstone Lake
State Natural Areas	Ableman's Gorge Abraham's Woods Adiantum Woods Albany Sand Prairie & Oak Savanna Allen Creek Wetlands Allequash Lake Alvin Creek Headwaters Ancient Aztalan Village Anvil Lake Trail Apostle Islands Critical Species Apostle Islands Maritime Cliffs Apostle Islands Maritime Forest Apostle Islands Sandscape Apostle Islands Yew Forest Apple River Canyon State Park Arbutus Oaks Arena Pines and Sand Barrens Argonne Experimental Forest Atkins Lake & Hiles Swamp Audubon Goose Pond Aurora Lake Avoca River-Bottom Prairie Avon Bottoms Badfish Creek Wet Prairie & Spring Seeps Baileys Harbor Boreal Forest and Wetlands Bakken's Pond Baraboo River Floodplain Forest Bark Bay Slough Barksdale Ponds Barneveld Prairie Barney Creek Bass Hollow Bass Lake Fen Bass Lake Peatlands Bass Lake Preserve Bastile Lake Battle Bluff Prairie Battle Creek Hemlocks Bauer-Brockway Barrens Baxter's Hollow Bay City Mine Bayshore Blufflands Bean Lake Bear Beach Bear Bluff Bear Caves Bear Creek Cave Bear Creek Hemlocks Bear Creek Sedge Meadow Bear Lake Sedge Meadow Bear Lake Slough Bearsdale Creek & Hyatt Springs Beaver Brook Beaver Creek Belden Swamp Belmont Mound Belmont Prairie Berg Prairie and Billy Goat Ridge Bergen Bluffs Berlin Fen Beulah Bog Bibon Swamp Big and Little Marsh Big Bay Sand Spit and Bog Big Beaver Meadow Big Eau Pleine Woods Big Island Big Manitou Falls Big Rock Pines Big Swamp Big Swamp Tamarack Fen Bittersweet Lakes Black Creek Bog Black Earth Rettenmund Prairie Black Lake Bog Black River Savanna Black Tern Bog Blackhawk Island Blackjack Springs Bloch Oxbow Blomberg Lake Blue Hills Felsenmeer Blue River Bluffs Blue River Sand Barrens Blue Swamp Blueberry Swamp Blueberry Trail Bluff Creek Bogus Swamp Bohn Lake Bonita Country Borah Creek Prairie Border Lakes Borst Valley Sedge Meadow Boscobel Bluffs Bradley Creek Swamp Conifers Brady's Bluff Prairie Brant Brook Pines Brockway Ponds Brooks Bluff Browntown Oak Forest Brule Glacial Spillway Brule River Boreal Forest Brule River Cliffs Brule Rush Lake Brunsweiler River and Mineral Lake Brush Creek Hemlocks Buckhorn Barrens Buena Vista Prairie Chicken Meadow Buena Vista Quarry Prairie Buffalo River Trail Prairies Butler Lake and Flynn's Spring Clifford Messinger Dry Prairie & Savanna Preserve Cady's Marsh Camp Five Lake Camp Lake and Pines Camp Nine Pines Camp Three Lake Canoe Landing Prairie Caroline Lake Carver-Roehl Woods Caryville Savanna Cassville Bluffs Castle Mound Pine Forest Catfish Eddy Terraces Cathedral Pines Catherine Lake Hemlock-Hardwoods Cave Point-Clay Banks Cedar Grove Hawk Research Station Cedarburg Beech Woods Cedarburg Bog Centennial Bedrock Glade Charles Pond Chequamegon Hardwoods Cherney Maribel Caves Cherokee Marsh Cherry Lake Sedge Meadow Chimney Rock Oak Opening Chippewa Moraine Lakes Chippewa Trail Chiwaukee Prairie Chub and Mud Lake Riverine Marsh Chub Lake Oak Savanna Clover Valley Fen Coffey Swamp Comstock Bog-Meadow Coon Creek Cliffs Coon Fork Barrens Copper Falls County Line Barrens and Forest Cranberry Creek Mound Group Crandon Ribbed Fen Crex Sand Prairie Crooked Lake Wetlands Cudahy Woods Cylon Dalles of the St. Croix River Day Lake Deansville Fen Deer Creek Tamarack Bog Deer Fly Swamp Deer Island Deer Mountain Dells of the Eau Claire River Dells of the Wisconsin River Detroit Harbor Devil's Backbone Devil's Lake Oak Forest Devine Lake & Mishonagon Creek Dewey Heights Prairie Dewey Marsh Diamond Lake Diamond Roof Doering Woods Dorothy Lake Dory's Bog and Hunt Hill Drummond Woods Dry Lake Dunbar Barrens Dunn Lake Dunnville Barrens Dupage Lake Peatlands Durst Rockshelter Dwight's Point and Pokegama Wetlands Eagle Centre Prairie Eagle Eye Eagle Oak Opening East Bluff East Fork Chippewa River East Fork of the Black River Echo Lake Eighteen Mile Creek Ekdall Wetlands Elk River Valley Ellison Bluff Emmons Creek Barrens Empire Prairies Empire Swamp English Lake Hemlocks Enterprise Hemlocks Ericson Creek Forest and Wetlands Eureka Maple Woods Europe Bay Woods Fair Meadows Fairy Chasm Fairyland Farmington Bottoms Faville Prairie Fern Dell Gorge Ferry Bluff Finnerud Pine Forest Fish Lake Meadow Fish Lake Pines Five Mile Barrens Five-Mile Bluff Prairie Flambeau River Hardwood Forest Flambeau Wetlands Flat Lake Flora Spring Pond Flume Creek Cedars Forbes Springs Fort McCoy Foulds Creek Fountain Creek Wet Prairie Fourmile Island Rookery Fox Maple Woods Franklin and Butternut Lakes Franklin Savanna French Creek Fen French Creek North Frog Lake and Pines Gasner Hollow Prairie Genesse Oak Opening and Fen Germain Hemlocks Germania Wet Prairie Ghost Lake Giant White Pine Grove Gibraltar Rock Glenn Creek Barrens Glocke Lake Gobler Lake Goose Lake Goose Lake Drumlins Gotham Jack Pine Barrens Grand Island Grandma Lake Grassy Lake Great River Trail Prairies Hagar Mountain Haley Creek Swamp Half Moon Bottoms Hanson Lake Wetlands Hardscrabble Prairie Haskell Noyes Memorial Woods Hawkins Hemlock-Hardwood Forest Hawkinson Creek Wet Prairie Haymeadow Creek Haymeadow Flowage Headwater Lakes Hedmark Pines Hemlock Draw High Cliff Escarpment High Cliff Escarpment Hiles Wetlands Hog Island Tamaracks Hogback Prairie Holland Red Maple Swamp Holland Sand Prairie Holmboe Conifer Forest Honey Creek Hook Lake Bog Hortonville Bog Houghton Falls Hub City Bog Huiras Lake Hulburt Creek Woods Hunting River Alders Inch Lake Interstate Lowland Forest Ipswich Prairie Island Lake Hemlocks Jackson Creek Woods Jackson Harbor Ridges Jackson Marsh Jay Creek Pine Forest Jean Brunet Woods Jefferson Tamarack Swamp Johnson Falls Johnson Hill Kame Johnson Lake Barrens Jones Lake Jump River Woods Jung Hemlock-Beech Forest Kamrath Creek Forest and Fen Kangaroo Lake Karcher Springs Karner Blue Meadow Keller Whitcomb Creek Woods Kelly Lake Hemlocks Kelly Lynn Bog Kentuck Lake Kessler Railroad Prairie Ketchum Creek Pines Kettle Hole Woods Kettle Moraine Low Prairie Kettle Moraine Oak Opening Kettle Moraine Red Oaks Kewaskum Maple-Oak Woods Kickapoo Valley Reserve Kickapoo Wild Woods Kidrick Swamp Kieper Creek Kingston Pines Kinnickinnic River Gorge and Delta Kinnickinnic Wet Prairie Kirby Lake Hardwoods Kissick Alkaline Bog Lake Kohler Park Dunes Kohler-Peet Barrens Koro Prairie Koshkonong Corners Kroenke Lake Krueger Pines Kurtz Woods La Crosse River Trail Prairie LaFave Swamp Lake Alva Birch-Hemlock Lake Evelyn Lake Helane Lake Lackawanna Lake Laura Hardwoods Lake Noquebay Sedge Meadow Lake of the Pines Conifer-Hardwoods Lake Owen Hardwoods Lake Two Pines Lampson Moraine Pines LaSage Bottoms Lauterman Lake Lawin Sedge Meadow Lawrence Creek Lawrence Lake Lawrence Prairie Lawrence Lake Lemonweir Bottomland Hardwood Forest Lily Lake Lima Bog Limery Ridge Savanna Little Bear Hemlocks Little Lake Little Willow Drumlin Little Wolf River Lodde's Mill Bluff Lodi Marsh Logan Creek Loon Lake Woods Lost Canoe Lost Creek Bog Lost Lake Lost Lake Esker Lower Chippewa River Lower Narrows Lower Tomahawk River Pines LTC Old Growth Forest Lulu Lake Lunch Creek Wetlands Magnolia Bluff Maiden Rock Bluff Marinette County Beech Forest Marsh Miller Cedars Marshall's Point State Natural Area Martin's Woods Mary Lake Mayville Ledge Beech-Maple Woods Mazomanie Bottoms Mazomanie Oak Barrens McCarthy Lake and Cedars McCaslin Mountain McGilvra Woods Mead Conifer Bogs Meadow Valley Barrens Mecan River Pine-Oak Forest Mecan Springs Memorial Grove Hemlocks Meridian Park Midway Railroad Prairie Mill Bluff Millston Sand Barrens Millville Oak Woodlands Milwaukee River and Swamp Milwaukee River Floodplain Forest Milwaukee River Tamarack Lowlands and Dundee Kame Minito Lake Mink River Mirror Lake Pine Oak Forest Miscauno Cedar Swamp Mondeaux Hardwoods Moonlight Bay Bedrock Beach Moose Lake Moose River Cedar Hills Moquah Barrens Morgan Coulee Prairie Motts Ravine Mountain Lake Mount Pisgah Hemlock-Hardwoods Mud Lake Mud Lake - Radley Creek Savanna Mud Lake Bog Mud Lake Fen and Wet Prairie Mud Lake Forest and Ponds Muddy Creek Sedge Meadow Muehl Springs Muir Park Mukwa Bottomland Forest Mukwonago River Mullet Creek White Cedar Wetland Muralt Bluff Prairie Muskego Park Hardwoods Myklebust Lake Namekagon Barrens Namekagon Fen Natural Bridge and Rockshelter Navarino Cedar Swamp Navarino Sedge Meadow Necedah Oak-Pine Forest Necedah Oak-Pine Savanna Neda Mine Nell Lake Nelligan Lake Nelson-Trevino Bottoms Nemadji River Floodplain Forest New Auburn Sedge Meadow New Hope Pines New Munster Bog Island New Observatory Woods Newark Road Prairie Newport Conifer-Hardwoods Nichols Creek Cedars and Springs Nichols Creek East Cedars Nine Mile Island Nipissing Swamp Nixon Lake No Name Lake North Bay North Bend Wet Prairie North Branch Bottoms North Country Trail Hardwoods North Fork Eau Claire River North Fork Pines North of North Shattuck Lake North Otter Creek North Pikes Creek Boreal Forest North Pikes Creek Boreal Forest Northeast Lake Norway Point Bottomlands Nourse Sugarbush Oakfield Ledge Oakfield Railroad Prairie Observatory Hill Ohmart Wetlands Oliver Prairie Olson Oak Woods One Stone Lake Hemlocks Orion Mussel Bed Osceola Bedrock Glades Oshkosh-Larsen Trail Prairies Ottawa Lake Fen Otter Creek Oak Barrens Owl Creek Fen Savanna Oxbo Pines Oxbow Rapids Page Creek Marsh Pan Hollow Papoose Creek Pines Parfrey's Glen Parrish Oak Savanna Pat Shay Lake Patterson Hemlocks Pea Creek Sedge Meadow Peat Lake Pecatonica River Woods Peninsula Niagara Escarpment Peninsula Park Beech Forest Peninsula Park White Cedar Forest Perkinstown Hemlocks Peshtigo Brook Meadow & Woods Peshtigo Harbor Lacustrine Forest Peshtigo River Delta Marshes Pewits Nest Pickerel Lake Pickerel Lake Fen Pine Cliff Pine Hollow Pine Island Savanna Pirus Road Swamp Plagge Woods Plainfield Tunnel Channel Lakes Pleasant Valley Conservancy Plover River Woods Plum Creek Woods Plum Lake Hemlock Forest Point Beach Ridges Pokegama Carnegie Wetlands Pope Lake Popple River Corridor Poppy's Rock Port Wing Boreal Forest Portland Maples Powers Bluff Maple Woods Priest Rock Princeton Prairie Puchyan Prairie Putnam Park Quincy Bluff and Wetlands Rainbow Wetlands Rat Lake Swamp and Popple River Headwaters Red Banks Alvar Red Cedar Lake Red Cedar River Savanna Red Oak Bottoms Reed Lake Meadow Renak-Polak Maple Beech Woods Rhine Center Bog Rib Mountain Talus Forest Rice Creek Rice Lake Richter Lake Hemlocks Richwood Bottoms Ridgeway Pine Relict Riley Lake Riveredge Creek and Ephemeral Pond Robinson Creek Pines Roche-A-Cri Mound Roche-A-Cri Woods Rock Creek Felsenmeer Rock Island Woods Rock Lake Rock River Prairie Rocky Run Oak Savanna Romance Prairie Rose Lake Rush Creek Rush Lake Rush River Delta Sajdak Springs Sand Creek Pines Sander's Park Hardwoods Sapa Spruce Bog Savage Lake Schluckebier Prairie Schmidt Maple Woods Scott Lake and Shelp Lake Scuppernong Prairie Seagull Bar Shaky Lake Shallow Lake Silver Creek and Mondeaux River Silver Lake Bog Sister Islands Skinner Creek Hardwoods Skunk and Foster Lakes Skunk Creek Woods Smith Drumlin Prairie Smith Slough and Sand Prairie Snake Creek Fen Snapper Prairie Snoose Creek Snow Bottom Snow Falls Creek Sohlberg Silver Lake Solon Springs Sharptail Barrens South Bluff/Devil's Nose South Branch Beech Grove South Fork Barrens Spaulding Fen Spider Lake Spread Eagle Barrens Spring Brook Drumlins Spring Green Preserve Spring Lake Springstead Muskeg Springvale Wet Prairie Spruce Grouse Swamp Spruce Lake Bog Spur Lake Squirrel River Pines St. Croix Ash Swamp St. Croix Islands St. Croix Seeps St. Peter's Dome Standing Cedars Starlight Wetlands Sterling Barrens Stockbridge Ledge Woods Stone Lake Pines Straight Lake Tamarack Fen Sugar Camp Hemlocks Sugar Creek Bluff Sugar River Wetlands Suk Cerney Peatlands Summerton Bog Sunrise Lake Swamp Creek Fen Swamp Lake Swan Lake Sedge Meadow and Barrens Swan Lake Tamaracks Swan Lake Wet-mesic Prairie Swenson Wet Prairie Tamarack Creek Bog Tar Dam Pines Tealey Creek Cedars Tellock's Hill Woods Texas Island Woods The Ridges Sanctuary Thornapple Hemlocks Thorp Pond Thunder Mountain Thunder River Swamp Tichigan Springs and Fen Tiffany Bottoms Toft Point Tomahawk Lake Hemlocks Totagatic Highlands Hemlocks Totogan Pines Tower Hill Bottoms Town Corner Cedars Town Line Lake and Woods Toy Lake Swamp Trade River Forest and Wetlands Tranus Lake Trempealeau Mountain Trempealeau River Meadow Trenton Bluff Prairie Trout Lake Conifer Swamp Trout River Tucker Lake Hemlocks Tula Lake Tunnel Channel Woods Tunnelville Cliffs Turtle Flambeau Peatlands Twin Lakes Bog Two Creeks Buried Forest Two Lakes Pine-Oak Forest Upper Black River Upper Brunet River Upper Buckatabon Springs Upper Fox Headwaters Upper Kaubashine Creek Upper Little Wolf Upper Nemadji River Floodplain Forest Upper Tomahawk River Pines Van Loon Floodplain Forest Van Loon Floodplain Savanna Van Vliet Hemlocks Vosse Coulee Wabikon Lake Ward/Swartz Decatur Woods State Natural Area Warnimont Bluff Fens Washburn Marsh Waterloo Prairie Waterloo Quartzite Outcrops Waubesa Wetlands Waupee Lake Swamp Waupun Park Maple Forest Wauzeka Bottoms Wedde Creek Savanna Weir White Oaks Wheeler Lake White Cliff Fen and Forest White River Boreal Forest White River Breaks White River Prairie Tamarack White River Sedge Meadow Whitefish Dunes Whitman Bottoms Floodplain Forest Wildcat Ridge Wilson Lake Winchester Meadow Wind Pudding Wisconsin Slough Wolf River Bottoms Woodland Dunes Woodman Lake Sand Prairie & Dead Lake Woods Creek Wyalusing Hardwood Forest Wyalusing Walnut Forest Yellow River Floodplain Forest Yellow River Ice-walled Lake Plain Yellow River Oxbows Yellowstone Savanna York Prairie Young Prairie
State Recreation Areas	Browntown-Cadiz Springs Chippewa Moraine Fischer Creek Hoffman Hills Menominee River Richard Bong
State Forests	Black River Brule River Coulee Experimental Flambeau River Governor Knowles Havenwoods Kettle Moraine - Lapham Peak Unit Kettle Moraine - Loew Lake Unit Kettle Moraine - Northern & Southern Units Kettle Moraine - Pike Lake Unit Northern Highland-American Legion Peshtigo River Point Beach
State Historical Sites	Black Point Estate Circus World Museum First Capitol H. H. Bennett Studio Madeline Island Museum Old World Wisconsin Pendarvis Reed School Stonefield Sylvanus Wade House Villa Louis
State Wildlife Areas	Ackley Adell Albany Allenton Amberg Amsterdam Sloughs Augusta Avon Bottoms Badfish Creek Balsam Branch Barker Creek Bear Lake Beaver Brook Bierbrauer Big Beaver Creek Big Muskego Lake Big Swamp Bill Cross Blackhawk Lake Bloomfield Borst Valley Brillion Brooklyn Brusky Buckhorn Buena Vista Burlington C.D. Besadny Casey Lake Chief River Chimney Rock Clam Lake Clay Corners Clover Valley Colburn Collins Marsh Crex Meadows Cylon Marsh Cylon Deansville Deer Creek Dell Creek Deppe Dewey Marsh Dike 17 Douglas County Dover Dunnville Eau Galle River Eldorado Emerald Valley Evansville Fish Lake Flat Creek Footville French Creek Galbraith Gardner Swamp Germania Marsh Gilbert Creek Goose Lake (Burnett County) Goose Lake (Dane County) Goose Pond Grand River Marsh Grassy Lake (Barron County) Grassy Lake (Columbia County) Green Bay West Shores Greenwood Hacker Drive Hay Creek Hay Creek-Hoffman Lake Hay River Highway 144 Highway T Holland Honey Creek Streambank Honey Creek Hook Lake Bog-Grass Lake Hoosier Creek Horicon Marsh Jackson Marsh Jaeger's Island Jefferson Marsh Jennings Creek Joel Marsh Johnson Karcher Kickapoo River Bell Center Kickapoo River Wauzeka Unit Kiel Marsh Killsnake Kimberly Clark Kinnickinnic River Oscar Lee Kinnickinnic River Potton Kinnickinnic River Headwaters Kinnickinnic River South Fork Kissick Swamp Knapp Creek Koshkonong Lake Mills Wildlife Area Lake Noquebay Lake Pepin Lakes Coulee Lambs Creek Lawrence Creek Leola Marsh Liberty Creek Lightning Creek Lima Marsh Little Rice Lodi Marsh Loon Lake Lundy Pond Lyons Mack Maine Manion Mashek Creek McAdams McKenzie Creek Fish and Wildlife Area McKenzie Creek McMillan Marsh Mead Meadow Valley Morgan Marsh Mount Hope Mud Lake (Columbia County) Mud Lake (Dane County) Mud Lake (Dodge County) Muddy Creek Mukwa Mullet Creek Nagel Namekagon Barrens Navarino New Auburn New Munster New Wood Nichols Creek North Bend Bottoms North Branch Milwaukee River Oakridge Oden Omer Springs Otter Creek Outagamie Paradise Marsh Paradise Valley Paul J. Olson Pershing Peshtigo Brook Peter Helland Peters Marsh Pierce County Islands Pine Island Pleasant Valley Potato Creek Powell Marsh Poygan Marsh Prince's Point Quaderer's Creek Rat River Ray Ray Morrison Memorial Rice Beds Creek Ridgeville Rock Falls Rome Pond Rush River Sampson Sandhill Schmit Scuppernong River Sette Shaw Marsh Sheboygan Marsh Silvernail South Beaver Creek Spring Creek St. Croix Islands Star Prairie Seed Farm Storrs Lake Straight Lake Swan Lake Sweeny Pond Swinging Gate Tamarack Creek Ten Mile Creek (Rusk County) Ten Mile Creek (Saint Croix County) Theresa Marsh Thunder Lake Tichigan Tiffany Tollefson Marsh Tom Lawin Totagatic Lake Totogatic Town Corner Troy Turtle Creek Turtle Valley Ulrich Underwood Van Loon Vermillion River Vernon Vosse Coulee Washington Creek Waterloo Waunakee Marsh Weirgor Springs West Taylor Whalen Creek White River White River Marsh Whitman Dam Willow River Wind Lake Wolf River Bottoms Herb Behnke Wolf River Bottoms LaSage Wolf River Wood County Woodboro Lakes Yellow River Yellowstone

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

University of Wisconsin–Superior
Facilities	Lake Superior National Estuarine Research Reserve
People	Thomas Brooks Mills
Media	KUWS WHSA WHWA WSSU WUWS
Related	University of Wisconsin System