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((Short description|North-south avenue in Manhattan, New York))
((About|Malcolm X Boulevard in Manhattan|Malcolm X Boulevard in Brooklyn|Utica Avenue|Malcolm X Avenue in Washington, DC|Congress Heights|the ballet by William Grant Still|Lenox Avenue (Still)))
((attached KML|display=title))
((Infobox street
| name                    = Lenox Avenue
| marker_image            = 
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = 
| alternate_name          = 
| image                   = Lenox 123 rowhouses jeh.jpg
| image_size              = 300px
| caption                 = [[Row house]]s on Lenox Avenue between [[122nd Street (Manhattan)|122nd]] and [[123rd Street (Manhattan)|123rd]] Streets are part of the [[Mount Morris Park Historic District]]
| image_map               = ((maplink-road))
| map_type                =
| latitude                =
| longitude               =
| map_size                =
| map_caption             =
| map_alt                 =
| other_name              = Malcolm X Boulevard
| former_names            = Sixth Avenue
| part_of                 = [[Sixth Avenue]]
| namesake                = [[James Lenox]] and [[Malcolm X]]
| type                    = 
| owner                   = [[City of New York]]
| maint                   = [[NYCDOT]]
| length_mi               = 1.9
| length_ref              = <ref name="google maps">((google maps |url=https://goo.gl/maps/ipI9K |title=Lenox Avenue&nbsp;/ Malcolm X Boulevard |access-date=September 13, 2015))</ref>
| length_notes            =
| width                   = 
| area                    = 
| steps                   = 
| postal_code             = 
| addresses               = 
| location                = [[Manhattan]], [[New York City]]
| metro                   =
| coordinates             = 
| direction_a             = South
| terminus_a              = [[110th Street (Manhattan)|Central Park North]]&nbsp;/ [[East Drive (Manhattan)|East Drive]] in [[Harlem]]
| junction                = [[145th Street Bridge]] in Harlem
| direction_b             = North
| terminus_b              = [[147th Street (Manhattan)|147th Street]] in Harlem
| main_contractor         =
| cost                    =
| references              =
| commissioning_date      = [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811|March 1811]]
| construction_start_date = 
| completion_date         = 
| inauguration_date       = <!-- ((Start date|YYYY|MM|DD)) -->
| demolition_date         = 
| east                    = [[Fifth Avenue]]
| west                    = [[Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)|Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard]]
))

'''Lenox Avenue''' &ndash; also named '''Malcolm X Boulevard'''; both names are officially recognized &ndash; is the primary north–south route through [[Harlem]] in the [[Upper Manhattan|upper]] portion of the [[New York City]] [[boroughs of New York City|borough]] of [[Manhattan]]. This two-way street runs from Farmers' Gate at [[110th Street (Manhattan)|Central Park North]] ([[110th Street (Manhattan)|110th Street]]) to 147th Street. Its traffic is figuratively described as "Harlem's heartbeat" by [[Langston Hughes]] in his poem ''Juke Box Love Song''.<ref>((cite press release |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/news/press-releases/2000/200030 |title=Governor Announces $11 Million to Enhance NYC Communities (Bronx, Brooklyn, Kings, New York & Queens Counties) |publisher=[[New York State Department of Transportation]] |date=April 6, 2000 |access-date=May 25, 2007))</ref> The [[IRT Lenox Avenue Line]] runs under the entire length of the street, serving the [[New York City Subway]]'s ((NYCS trains|Lenox)).

From [[119th Street (Manhattan)|119th Street]] to [[123rd Street (Manhattan)|123rd Street]], Lenox Avenue is part of the [[Mount Morris Park Historic District]], designated by the [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] in 1971.<ref>((cite nycland)), p.205</ref>

==History==
Originally a part of [[Sixth Avenue]], the segment north of Central Park was renamed in late 1887<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1887/10/05/archives/honoring-the-lenox-family.html |title=Honoring the Lenox Family |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 5, 1887 |page=4))</ref> for philanthropist [[James Lenox]]. In 1987, it was co-named [[Malcolm X]] Boulevard, in honor of the slain civil rights leader.<ref>((cite news |author-link=Christopher Gray (architectural historian) |last=Gray |first=Christopher |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D04E2DC1339F936A25755C0A9659C8B63 |title=Streetscapes/200-218 Malcolm X Boulevard, From 120th to 121st Street; A Once-Noble Row of Houses Hopes for Renewal |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 15, 2003 |access-date=May 25, 2007))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/mxb/index.shtml |title=Malcolm X Boulevard |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609225355/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dcp/html/mxb/index.shtml |archive-date=2007-06-09 |publisher=[[New York City Department of City Planning]] |access-date=May 25, 2007))</ref>

[[File: Malcolm X Blvd street sign.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Co-signing of Lenox Avenue and Malcolm X Boulevard]]

The avenue was the heart of [[Harlem]] during the [[Harlem Renaissance]] in the 1930s. The street brought together [[African Americans]], Latinos, British West Indians, and [[Spaniards]] who developed relationships over common interests such as [[jazz]] and food.<ref>((cite news |last=Friedwald |first=Will |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703864204576311540069751126 |title=Follow the Sound Uptown |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |location=New York |date=May 9, 2011 |access-date=November 16, 2022))</ref> In 1932, Harlem was so firmly established as the world capital of jazz and African-American culture in general that "black cinema" films like ''Harlem Is Heaven'' were playing on the nation's big screens. Jazz flourished and grew like it could have in no other time and place. "You might have had 15 great clubs on one block, all going at once," said the trombonist and bandleader Wycliffe Gordon. "Imagine going into a joint to check out Willie 'The Lion' Smith, and sitting next to you are Duke Ellington and James P. Johnson." Lenox Avenue is thought by some to be one of the most important streets in the world for [[African American]] culture.<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XP48QWTmjyUC|title=Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance
|author1=Aberjhani|author2=Sandra L. West|publisher=Infobase Publishing|year=2003|isbn=9781438130170
))</ref>

The [[Savoy Ballroom]] was located between 140th and 141st Streets on Lenox Avenue.<ref>((cite book|first1=Geoffrey C.|last1=Ward|author1-link=Geoffrey C. Ward|first2=Ken |last2=Burns|author2-link=Ken Burns|title=Jazz: A History of America's Music|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|year=2000|page=174))</ref> Other historical venues of Lenox Avenue are [[Sylvia's Restaurant]], located between 126th and 127th; and the [[Lenox Lounge]], located between 124th and 125th.
((Clear|left))

==In popular culture==
((refimprove section|date=August 2016))
* ((annotated link|Lenox Avenue (Still)|Lenox Avenue))<ref>((Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=shJofk603zMC |title=Brass Music of Black Composers: A Bibliography |last=Horne |first=Aaron |date=1996 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-29826-4 |language=en))</ref>
* The corner of Lenox Avenue and 125th Street is mentioned in the song "When the Revolution Comes" by [[The Last Poets]] on their [[The Last Poets (album)|self-titled album]] (1970).<ref>((cite web |url=http://the-last-poets.musikear.com/songs-lyrics/the_last_poets-when_the_revolution_comes |title = Travelagu ((!)) Download Lagu MP3 ((!)) Lagu Populer ((!)) Lagu Terbaru 2022))</ref>
* ''[[Small Talk at 125th and Lenox]]'' (1970) is an album by [[Gil Scott-Heron]].
* ''[[Lenox Avenue Breakdown]]'' is an album by jazz alto saxophonist [[Arthur Blythe]]. Columbia Records released the album in 1979.
* In ''[[The Fire Next Time]]'', [[James Baldwin]] refers to Lenox Avenue simply as "The Avenue".
* The main characters of the [[1992 in literature|1992]] novel ''[[Jazz (novel)|Jazz]]'' by [[Toni Morrison]] live on Lenox Avenue.
* The video for [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]]'s 1994 single "[[Secret (Madonna song)|Secret]]" was shot on Lenox Avenue.<ref name="vidshoot">((cite book | last = O'Brien | first = Lucy | title = Madonna: Like an Icon | year = 2008 | author-link = Lucy O'Brien | publisher = [[Bantam Press]] | isbn = 978-0-552-15361-4| title-link = Madonna: Like an Icon |pages=295–301))</ref>
* "Lenox Avenue: Midnight", a well-known poem by [[Langston Hughes]], is set on Lenox Avenue, as is his "[[The Weary Blues]]". The avenue is mentioned in his "Juke Box Love Song" and "Consider Me".
* The avenue is featured in the first verse of the original [[Irving Berlin]] lyrics of "[[Puttin' On the Ritz]]". The song refers to the then-popular fad of poor but flashily dressed black Harlemites parading up and down Lenox Avenue, "Spending ev'ry dime / For a wonderful time".
* In the title track of his debut record ''[[Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous]]'', [[Big L]] raps about 139th Street and Lenox Avenue.
* The street signs are heavily featured in the opening titles of the 2016 Netflix series ''[[Luke Cage (TV series)|Luke Cage]]'', which takes place and was filmed in Harlem.
* Part of [[Teyana Taylor]]'s 2018 music video for the remix of "[[K.T.S.E.|Gonna Love Me]]" was shot on Lenox Avenue, near a mural of [[Big L]].
* The last line of the "Strut Miss Lizzie" patter has "...get set for Lenox Avenue."
* In the 1995 movie [[Die Hard with a Vengeance]], Simon Peter Gruber requires Lieutenant [[John McClane]] to get to the crossing of Lenox Anenue and the 128th Street, where he is quickly meeting with buddy Zeus (played by [[Samuel L. Jackson]]), although the scene was actually shot in Audubon Avenue, close to West 175th Street ([[Washington Heights, Manhattan]]) 

==Gallery==
<gallery class=center widths="175px" heights="200px">
File:Malcolm Shabazz Mosque.jpg|[[Mosque No. 7]] at [[116th Street (Manhattan)|116th Street]]
File:Ebenezer Gospel Tabernacle Lenox Av jeh.jpg|The Ebenezer Gospel Tabernacle at [[121st Street (Manhattan)|121st Street]], formerly the Lenox Avenue Unitarian Church (1889)<ref name=fromatoz>((cite fromatoz)), p.59</ref>((rp|59))
File:2nd Ref Church Harlem sunny jeh.jpg|Ephesus Seventh-Day Adventist Church at [[123rd Street (Manhattan)|123rd Street]], formerly the Second Collegiate Church of Harlem (1887)<ref name=fromatoz/>((rp|64))
File:Harlem Hospital 5BBT jeh.JPG|Harlem Hospital at [[135th Street (Manhattan)|135th Street]]
File:Savoy West 555 Lenox Ave 138 St jeh.jpg|The Savoy West at [[138th Street (Manhattan)|138th Street]]
File:Rainbow over Malcolm X Boulevard.jpg|Rainbow over Malcolm X Boulevard, in a view looking northward from [[110th Street (Manhattan)|Central Park North]]
</gallery>

==References==
((Reflist))

==Further reading==
*[[Paterson, David]] ''"[[Black, Blind, & In Charge: A Story of Visionary Leadership and Overcoming Adversity]]."''Skyhorse Publishing. New York, New York, 2020

==External links==
*((Commons category-inline|Lenox Avenue))

((Malcolm X))
((Manhattan streets))
((Portal bar|New York City))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Streets in Manhattan]]
[[Category:Harlem]]

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