Leo Napoleon Levi (September 15, 1856 – January 13, 1904) was a Jewish-American lawyer and communal worker from Texas.

Life

Levi was born on September 15, 1856, in Victoria, Texas, the son of Abraham Levi and Mina Halfin.[1] His father Abraham was a merchant from Alsace who settled in Victoria in 1849.[2]

Levi was sent to New York City to take a commercial course, but as he had no interest in a commercial career he returned to New York City in 1871. In 1872, he went to study law at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia. While there, he won the debater's medal and the essayist's medal. He finished his studies and returned to Texas when he was twenty, using proceedings to be allowed to be admitted to the bar despite being under twenty-one. In 1878, he stumped the state to support Gustav Schleicher's congressional campaign. He never held public office, but he took an active interest in public affairs.[3] He settled in Galveston, becoming associated with the law firm Flournoy and Scott in 1876. He later became a partner in the firm Scott, Levi, and Smith. A well-known orator, he gave the commencement speech for the University of Texas in June 1899.[1]

One of the only Jewish students at the University of Virginia, Levi experienced anti-Semitism and was picked on by the other students. One of his classmates, writer Thomas Nelson Page, based one of his book's characters, Wolfert, on him. He won the school's admiration and respect by the time he graduated, but his experiences influenced his career and encouraged him to support persecuted Jews. He was elected president of Temple B'nai Israel in 1887, serving in that position for twelve years and bringing Rabbi Henry Cohen to the congregation in 1888.[4]

Levi moved to New York City in 1899 and opened a law office there. In 1887, he wrote an open letter to the American rabbinate called "Tell Us: What Is Judaism?" Unsatisfied with the replies, he answered his own question with the pamphlet "Judaism in America." Active in B'nai B'rith, he became its president in 1900. His last public act was connected to a petition to the Russian government drawn up in protest of the Kishinev pogrom in April 1903.[3]

In 1877, Levi married Ray Bachrach. They had six surviving children.[2]

Levi died from a jaundice attack at Memorial Hospital on January 13, 1904.[5] Rabbi Maurice H. Harris, Rabbi Joseph Silverman, and B'nai B'rith Executive Committee Vice-President Simon Wolf spoke at his funeral at Temple Emanu-El. The pallbearers included Oscar S. Straus, ex-Justice William N. Cohen, ex-Justice Ernest Hall, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Dr. Isidore Singer, Julius Goldman, Benjamin Tuska, M. Warley Platzek, Solomon Sulzberger, Simon Wolf, and Julius Bien. The funeral was also attended by, among other people, Jacob H. Schiff, Moritz Ellinger, Judge Myer S. Isaacs, Judge Samson Lachman, Jacob A. Cantor, Rabbi Rudolph Grossman, Samuel B. Hamburger, Nathan Straus, Congressman Henry M. Goldfogle, Rabbi Isaac S. Moses, and Ferdinand Levy. Henry M. Leipziger. He was buried in Salem Fields Cemetery.[6]

The Leo N. Levi Hospital in Hot Springs, Arkansas, which was established in 1914, was named after him.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b "Levi, Leo Napoleon". Handbook of Texas. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  2. ^ a b Memorial Volume: Leo N. Levi. Chicago, I.L.: Hamburger Printing Co. 1905. pp. 12–15 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ a b Adler, Cyrus; Singer, Isidore. "Levi, Leo Napoleon". The Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  4. ^ Ornish, Natalie (1989). Pioneer Jewish Texans. Dallas, T.X.: Texas Heritage Press. pp. 265–266. ISBN 978-0-9620755-0-6 – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ "Death of Leo N. Levi". The New York Times. Vol. LIII, no. 16857. New York, N.Y. 14 January 1904. p. 9 – via Internet Archive.
  6. ^ "Funeral of Leo N. Levi". The New York Times. Vol. LIII, no. 16859. New York, N.Y. 16 January 1904. p. 9.
  7. ^ Landman, Isaac, ed. (1942). The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York, N.Y.: The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia, Inc. p. 625 – via Google Books.
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