Leonid Slutsky | |
|---|---|
Леонид Слуцкий | |
 Slutsky in 2023 | |
| 2nd Leader of the LDPR | |
| Assumed office 27 May 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Vladimir Zhirinovsky |
| Leader of the LDPR in the State Duma | |
| Assumed office 18 May 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Vladimir Zhirinovsky |
| Chairman of the State Duma Committee on International Affairs | |
| Assumed office 5 October 2016 | |
| Preceded by | Aleksey Pushkov |
| Chairman of the State Duma Committee on the CIS, Eurasian Integration and Relations with Compatriots | |
| In office 21 December 2011 – 5 October 2016 | |
| Preceded by | Alexey Ostrovsky |
| Succeeded by | Leonid Kalashnikov |
| Member of the State Duma | |
| Assumed office 19 December 1999 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 January 1968 Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Political party | LDPR |
| This article is part of a series on |
| Conservatism in Russia |
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Leonid Eduardovich Slutsky (/ˈsluːtski/ SLOOT-ski; Russian: Леонид Эдуардович Слуцкий, also transliterated Slutskii or Slutskiy; born 4 January 1968) is a Russian politician, who leads the ultranationalist LDPR party since 2022, and serves in the State Duma since 1999.
With his party being associated with the hard right of political spectrum, Slutsky's tenure as Chairman of the State Duma Committee on International Affairs has been eventful and widely covered in the national and international media. In 2018, he was the central figure of a sexual assault scandal in parliament. In 2022, he represented Russia during peace negotiations with Ukraine following the Russian invasion. The following year, he announced his candidacy in the 2024 Russian presidential election.[1][2][3][4][5]
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Slutsky has been a First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma's Committee on International Affairs, and became Chairman of the Committee on International Affairs in the 7th State Duma. He is dean of the international relations department at the Moscow State University of Economics, Information and Statistics. He has held senior banking positions and was an advisor to the mayor of Moscow. Slutsky also reported to a directorate of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR. He holds an economics doctorate from the Moscow Economic-Statistical Institute.[6][7]
On 17 March 2014, the day after the Crimean status referendum, Slutsky became one of the first seven persons who were sanctioned by President Obama under Executive order 13661.[8] The sanctions freeze his assets in the US and ban him from entering the United States. Due to the Crimean crisis, he was put also on the Canadian and the EU sanction lists.[9]
On 1 February 2017, Slutsky signaled a closer relationship between Russia and Syria, stating that the International Affairs Committee was planning a joint session of the State Duma and the People's Council of Syria.[citation needed]
In 2017, Slutsky called the Catalan independence referendum a "litmus test" for the European Union, asking "Will Brussels agree with the right of nations to self-determination, as was convenient with Kosovo, or will it continue to insist on the principle of territorial integrity" as it did with Crimea.[10]
In October 2018, Slutsky expressed concern that United States plans to withdraw from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty would result in a new Cold War and potentially an armed confrontation.[11][12]
In 2024 Slutsky was a candidate for the Russian presidential election. See also Leonid Slutsky 2024 presidential campaign After being nominated, Slutsky said that he “does not want to beat (incumbent president) Putin” in the election.[13]
In February 2018, BBC Russian Service reporter Farida Rustamova,[14] TV Rain producer Daria Zhuk,[15][16] former Kommersant reporter Anastasia Karimova and RTVi journalist Ekaterina Kotrikadze[17] accused Slutsky of sexual harassment through TV Rain and BBC. The accusations were discussed in Russian media all over spring 2018. In response Slutsky compared himself to Harvey Weinstein, claimed to be the target for defamation and provocation and threatened TV Rain with legal actions.[18][19]
A number of parliamentarians spoke in defense of Slutsky including so-called State Duma “female club” (co-chairmen of different political factions: Yelena Serova, Olga Yepifanova, Tamara Pletnyova, Elena Strokova) and the Duma chairman Vyacheslav Volodin who linked the accusations to political motives.[20][21][22] The United Russia deputy Oksana Pushkina supported the female journalists and stated in a television interview with RBC that, according to her observations and experiences, sexual harassment in the State Duma had occurred in the past but it never went public.[23][24]
On 8 March 2018 Slutsky congratulated women on International Women's Day in a Facebook post and apologized to "those of them to whom he voluntarily or involuntarily caused any emotional stress". RBC associated that apology with the sexual scandal in the State Duma.[25][26] The same day the director of the Information and Press Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Maria Zakharova, also recalled the ambiguous behavior of Slutsky towards her.[25][26]
At the end of February, the journalists from State Duma press pool approached legislature’s leaders with request to discuss the behavior of Leonid Slutsky.[27][28] On 21 March 2018 the State Duma Commission on Ethics, headed by Otari Arshba, reviewed testimonies and evidence provided by Rustamova, Zhuk, Karimova, Kotrikadze and Slutsky and came to the conclusion that there were no "violations of behavioral norms" in Slutsky's actions, thus exonerating Slutsky of the allegations. According to Arshba, that was the first time the Commission had to review such a case and that the reasoning was limited to one person's word against another's. He also pointed out that the journalists were in the right to address the law enforcement authorities with the arguments and materials provided to the commission.[29][30][31][16]
In response to the commission's decision, more than a dozen Russian news outlets announced a boycott either to Slutsky and Commission members in person or the State Duma in whole.[32][31][33][34][35] Some newspapers like Meduza and Vedomosti in their editorial commentaries associated the decision with impunity of the authorities and noted that Slutsky should resign.[18][3]
According to official data, Slutsky's income in 2011 was 1.9 million rubles (64.6 thousand US dollars), in 2016 - 4.9 million (73.3 thousand US dollars). Together with his wife, Slutsky owns 1.2 thousand square meters of land, a house, three apartments, seaside villa at Bodrum on the southwestern Turkish coast, non-residential premises, and several cars, including a Bentley Continental Flying Spur, a Bentley Bentayga and a Mercedes-Maybach S500.[36][37][38]
On 8 March 2018 Alexei Navalny and his Anti-Corruption Foundation (FBK) published an investigation about the property of Leonid Slutsky and accused the deputy of illegal wealth accumulation, as his family does not have an official business, and its total income is unlikely to afford the cars, with the two Bentleys costing about 30 million rubles).[37]
In the same investigation, it is pointed out that Slutsky has been renting an area of one hectare next to the dacha in Rublevka, and has never declared it. FBK sent a request to the State Duma's profile committee and asked to renounce the deputy power of Slutsky after the investigation.[37][39]
The investigation of Alexei Navalny and his the FBK states that in the period from June 2017 and March 2018, a Mercedes-Maybach S500 owned by Slutsky violated traffic rules 825 times (including driving on the oncoming lane). The fines amounted to 1.4 million rubles, which makes about 40% of his official income.[38]
Previously, Novaya Gazeta newspaper reported that on 1 June 2013, officers of the Chief Directorate of Internal Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs detained two inspectors of the GIBDD (General Administration for Traffic Safety), who were taking Leonid Slutsky to the airport in a car with the siren light on. Slutsky refused to explain why he was in the car of the traffic police. According to the publication, the deputy was going to fly from the government airport "Vnukovo-3" to Athos together with Patriarch Kirill.[40]
In January 2017, developer Sergei Polonsky appealed to Prosecutor General of Russia Yury Chaika with a demand to file criminal charges against State Duma deputies Vladimir Resin and Leonid Slutsky. According to him, two deputies extorted a bribe from him and "got 990 m² in the penthouse of the "Kutuzovskaya Riviera" for the contract registration".[41]
In 2022, Slutsky became a member of the Russian negotiating team following the invasion of Ukraine. His role included peace talks and negotiations on the wounded Ukrainian soldiers in the Azovstal steelworks following the end of the Siege of Mariupol. He stated that members of the Azov regiment among the captured soldiers should be executed, and that they do not deserve to live.[42] This would involve a change in Russian law, which has had a moratorium on the death penalty since 1996, and would potentially break the Geneva Convention.[43]
On April 27, 1960, the Soviet Peace Fund was founded. The founders were the Soviet Peace Committee, the Committee of Youth Organisations of the USSR, the Committee of Soviet Women, the Union of Soviet Societies for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries. The headquarters was located in Moscow. The foundation paid for the education of students from Asian and African countries in the USSR, financed the Soviet Peace Committee and the World Peace Council, erected monuments to fallen Soviet soldiers in Europe, and helped countries in which there were military conflicts and those affected by the Chernobyl accident. It was transformed into the “Russian Peace Fund” in 2003. A partner of the foundation is the German far-right organization Alternative für Deutschland.[44]
Russia commissioned Slutsky's organization, the "Russian Peace Foundation", and the Polish association European Council on Democracy and Human Rights, which in the past had brought election observers from right-wing populist and right-wing extremist circles to Crimea, to organize their trips. Paid relationships are established and maintained with pro-Moscow Western politicians for Russian own interests and influence. In such an influence operation, the Russian government often responds to the opinions and feelings that already exist among a person or a group in a Western country. The target – usually a politician (i.e Aleksandar Vučić, Viktor Orbán, Marie Le Pen, Matteo Salvini, Geert Wilders, Herbert Kickl), journalist, academic or an other prominent figure – usually already has a milder view of Putin and Russia than is common in the West. By approaching such a person sympathetically and, if necessary, throwing parties, offering nice trips, money or deals, the Kremlin tries to influence the person's pro-Moscow opinion.[45][46][47][48]
The "Russian Peace Foundation" passed information about foreigners who were invited to visit Russia at the behest of the Slutsky’s organization to the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces (GRU).[49]
The "Russian Peace Foundation" does not hesitate to ask for grants from American senators at a time when Russian authorities brand harmless public organizations and individuals with the “foreign agent” label for donations from abroad.[50][51]
On March 17, 2022 the first deputy chairman Elena Sutormina of the "Russian Peace Foundation" sent a letter to the UN Security Council with a demand to assemble an expert council to study “dangerous and dubious” laboratories on the territory of Ukraine.[52] This disinformation was debunked as the Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory.
Slutsky is married to Lidya Lyskova. He has an adult daughter from his first marriage. He has also a younger daughter.[53][54]
In March 2018, journalist Anna Mongait reported that singer Zara advanced her political career and received the title of "Honored Artist of the Russian Federation" because of her relationship with Slutsky.[55]
Slutsky has close relations with the leadership of the Russian Orthodox Church. On 11 June 2011, the day of Orthodox holiday of Pentecost, Slutsky landed on the territory of Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius on a helicopter, without having warned anyone in advance. It "caused a great deal of surprise which turned into indignation among parishioners and workers of the church".[56] According to the deputy, he hurried to meet with Patriarch Kirill of Moscow, but because of traffic jams on the Yaroslavl highway he had to use the services of a helicopter company.[57]
The investigation of TV Rain channel indicates that Slutsky is the chairman of the board of the charity foundation "Kronstadt Naval Cathedral", which contributed 1.3 billion rubles to restore the Naval cathedral of Saint Nicholas in the town of Kronstadt, which is a hometown of Svetlana Medvedeva. One of its board members is Vladimir Resin, who is involved in construction works for the Russian Orthodox Church. In 2013 alone, more than one billion rubles of donations were spent on building churches through the fund's accounts.[58]
Andrei Kononov, the general director of the fund, is an assistant to Slutsky on a voluntary basis. The investigation assumes that the fund financed the rebels of the Donetsk People's Republic. Kononov also met with the leadership of the unrecognized republic, bringing priests and icons with him.[58]
Another non-transparent fund of Slutsky's, the "Russian Peace Foundation", is mentioned in the investigation. Its Saratov department was involved in fraud with land and, among other things, it got a lease on a pond, where, according to the documents, it planned to build a children's car-racing track.[58]
