Lestidae
Female Austrolestes cingulatus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Suborder: Zygoptera
Superfamily: Lestoidea
Family: Lestidae
Calvert, 1901[1]
Type genus
Lestes

The Lestidae are a rather small family of cosmopolitan, large-sized, slender damselflies,[2] known commonly as the spreadwings or spread-winged damselflies.[3]

A male Lestes dryas in the "spread-winged" posture that gives the family its common name

Characteristics

While most damselflies rest with their wings folded together, most members of the family Lestidae hold them at an angle away from their bodies. The pterostigma (a single dark spot in the meshwork of the leading edge near the tip of each wing) is noticeably elongated. The quadrilateral (a part of the wing venation, close to the body) has an acute angle at the end. The body has a greenish, metallic shine. The superior anal appendages, commonly called claspers (body parts of male insect for clasping the female during copulation) of male spreadwings are long and strongly curved.

Breeding takes place in slow-moving or still water in stream backwaters, swamps, marshes and temporary pools. The nymphs have a long abdomen and a distinctive prementum (part of the lower lip). There is one generation per year in North American species.[4]

Taxonomy

The two subfamilies in Lestidae are Lestinae and Sympecmatinae. Damselflies in the Lestinae rest with their wings partly open, while those in the Sympecmatinae, the reedlings, ringtails, and winter damselflies, rest with their wings folded. The exact taxonomy of the family is disputed, with some authorities including twelve genera[5] and some eight.[6] Genera include:

SubFamily Image Genus Extant species
Sympecmatinae Fraser, 1951 Archilestes Selys, 1862
Indolestes Fraser, 1922
Sympecma Burmeister, 1839
Lestinae Calvert 1901 Austrolestes Tillyard, 1913
Chalcolestes Kennedy, 1920
Lestes Leach, 1815
Orolestes
  • Orolestes durga Lahiri, 1987
  • Orolestes excelsus Fraser, 1933
  • Orolestes motis Baijal & Agarwal, 1956
  • Orolestes octomaculatus Martin, 1904
  • Orolestes selysi McLachlan, 1895
  • Orolestes wallacei (Kirby, 1889)
Platylestes Selys, 1862
  • Platylestes heterostylus Lieftinck, 1932
  • Platylestes kirani Emiliyamma, Palot & Charesh, 2020
  • Platylestes pertinax Lieftinck, 1932
  • Platylestes platystyla Rambur, 1842
  • Platylestes platystylus (Rambur, 1842)
Sinhalestes Fraser, 1951

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lestidae.
Wikispecies has information related to Lestidae.
  1. ^ Calvert, P.P. (1901). "Fam. Odonata". In Godman, F.D.; Salvin, O. (eds.). Biologia Centrali-Americana. Vol. Insecta. Neuroptera (1892-1908). London: R.H. Porter. pp. 17–342, 342–410 [45]. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.730.
  2. ^ Dijkstra, K.D.B.; et al. (2013). "The classification and diversity of dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata). In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013)". Zootaxa. 3703 (1): 36–45. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.9. hdl:10072/61365.
  3. ^ Lestidae. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
  4. ^ John L. Capinera (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 1244. ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1.
  5. ^ Davies, D. A. L. (1981). A synopsis of the extant genera of the Odonata. Soc. Int. Odonatol. 3 : i-xiv 1-59
  6. ^ Bridges, C.A. (1994). Catalogue of the family-group, genus-group and species-group names of the Odonata of the world, 3e éd.. Urbana, Illinois. xiv 951 pp.
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