Lionsgate was formed in 1997 by Frank Giustra, whose $16 million investment was augmented by $40 million from investors including Keyur Patel and Yorkton Securities' executives such as G. Scott Paterson.[5] Giustra had recently retired as CEO from Yorkton, an investment bank, and Paterson was then president. Giustra then merged Lionsgate with Toronto Stock Exchange-listed Beringer Gold Corp. (founded in 1986) to take the company public. Beringer's mining assets were soon sold off.[6][7][8]
Acquisitions
Lionsgate then began a series of acquisitions to get into the film industry. The company bought a number of small production facilities and distributors, starting with Montreal-based Cinépix Film Properties (renamed as Lions Gate Films) and North Shore Studios (renamed Lions Gate Studios) in Vancouver, British Columbia. Mandalay Television was acquired by Lionsgate from Peter Guber for a 4% Lionsgate stake. In 1998, Lionsgate helped Guber form Mandalay Pictures with a 45% investment in Mandalay. Lionsgate followed that up with a June purchase of International Movie Group, Inc. (IMG), a bankrupt film distributor previously invested in by Guber and Yorktown Securities, for its film library. IMG's CEO Peter Strauss became President of Lions Gate Entertainment, Inc. (LGE), the American parent company for Lionsgate's U.S. interests.[7] The Lions Gate Media subsidiary was also formed to produce for television.[7]
Completing its first year of operation, Lionsgate had a revenue of $42.2 million with a loss of $397,000. The company share price dropped to a low of $1.40. This limited the corporation's ability to make acquisitions via stock swaps. Lionsgate instead made its next acquisition of Termite Art Productions, a reality-based television production company, for $2.75 million by issuing three convertible promissory notes. Giustra had the shareholders vote to move the company's public listing from the Toronto Stock Exchange to the American Stock Exchange, along with a two-for-one stock consolidation to qualify, for greater exposure that might boost share value.[7]
In January 1999, Roman Doroniuk was named president and chief operating officers of Lionsgate, which led to the corporation's financial operations being moved in April to Doroniuk's offices in Toronto, Ontario while corporate headquarters remained in Vancouver, British Columbia. Lionsgate created US based Avalanche Films and acquired half of Sterling Home Entertainment, both in video sales. Again, Lionsgate registered losses in its second year of $9.3 million on revenues of $78.3 million with most of the losses from its stake in Mandalay Pictures. Thus in the summer, Lionsgate placed its studios up for sale with no buyers. TV operations were changed to non-network hourlong series over riskier network shows and ended its relationship with Mandalay Television. The corporation sought out more capital and cash with a filing of a preliminary prospectus for the sale of preferred stock and common stock warrants and a $13.4 million line of credit.[7]
Expansion
Additional acquisition funding arrived in January 2000 as a $33.1 million investment from an investor group that included Paul Allen, former Sony Pictures executive Jon Feltheimer, German broadcasting company Tele-Munchen, and SBS Broadcasting SA. This led to Feltheimer taking over as CEO from Giustra thus the passed over Doroniuk left the company. Feltheimer increased film making including several $1 million films at Avalanche. However, Federgreen still remains one of the major owners of the company and is extremely involved in the making of all their major movies. In June, Lionsgate acquired Trimark Holdings, Inc. for approximately $50 million in stock and cash including taking on $36 million in debt.[7]
Lionsgate continued making acquisitions during the decade to boost distribution and its film library. On December 15, 2003, Lionsgate acquired Artisan Entertainment for $220 million.[9] In 2004, Erik Nelson reacquired Termite Art and renamed it to Creative Differences.[10]
Lionsgate partnered with Panamax Films in 2005 to make movies for the Latino market which only produced two films.[11] On April 13, 2005, Lionsgate spun off its Canadian distribution unit into a new distribution unit called Maple Pictures under the direction of two former Lionsgate executives, Brad Pelman and Laurie May.[12][13][14] On August 1, 2005, Lions Gate Entertainment acquired the entire library of Modern Entertainment, the U.S. film division of the Swedish television company Modern Times Group.[15][16] On October 17, 2005, Lionsgate acquired UK company Redbus Film Distribution for $35 million[17][18][19] and became Lionsgate UK on February 23, 2006.[20][21]
On March 15, 2006, Lionsgate sold Lionsgate Studios to Bosa Development Corporation.[22] On July 12, Lionsgate purchased Debmar-Mercury, an independent television distributor, which has continued operations as a Lionsgate subsidiary.[23] The company agreed in August to lease term with New Mexico State Land Office and the city of Rio Rancho for a new 52.8 acres studio near Rio Rancho's under construction city center and arena.[24]
On July 26, 2007, Lionsgate bought a partial stake in independent film distribution company Roadside Attractions.[25] Lionsgate started up Lionsgate Music by June 2007.[26] On September 10, 2007, Lionsgate bought Mandate Pictures for $56.3 million, $44.3 million in cash and $12 million in stock, and taking on $6.6 million of Mandate's debt. Mandate Chief Executive Joe Drake returned to the company as co-chief operating officer of its film unit.[27]
By July 2008, Lionsgate has not made any progress on building its new film studio in Rio Rancho or on setting up the corporation to run the studio per its agreement with New Mexico.[28] In November, Lionsgate Music established a joint venture with music publishing company Wind-up Records.[29]
Lionsgate cut back its slate of films per year by four in February 2009. In April, Relativity Media signed with Lionsgate for a 5 picture per year multi-year film distribution.[32] In August, Lionsgate signed with Redbox for a five-year same day release deal worth $158 million.[33] Lionsgate, along with MGM and Paramount Pictures/Viacom, was also a co-owner of Epix, a pay TV movie channel which debuted on October 30.[34][35]
On September 13, 2010, Lionsgate and Televisa formed a joint venture, Pantelion Films, to produce for the next five years eight to 10 films a year targeted for the U.S. Latin American market.[11]
Lionsgate announced on January 13, 2012, that it had acquired Summit Entertainment, producers and distributors of the Twilight Saga films, for $412.5 million.[37] The two companies have planned on merging since 2008.[38] On October 6, 2012, Lions Gate Entertainment announced that Brian Goldsmith became the co-COO of the company and joining co-COO Steve Beeks.[39] On November 18, 2012, Lionsgate announced it has passed over the $1 billion mark for the first time with the success of The Hunger Games and The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2.[40]
On April 14, 2014, Comcast acquired the remaining stakes in Fearnet from Lionsgate and Sony Pictures Entertainment.[43] On April 21, 2014, Lionsgate announced that they will merge its movie marketing operations.[44] A few days later, on April 30, Lionsgate announced that the studios will expand into the gaming development.[45]
In 2015, Lionsgate took over the distribution functions for CBS Films, the film division of CBS Corporation.[46]
On February 11, 2015, John C. Malone swapped a 4.5% stake with 14.5% of the voting power in Starz Inc. for 3.4% of Lionsgate's shares while joining the company's board of directors.[47][48] Fourteen days later, Starz CEO Chris Albrecht hinted a possible merger with Lionsgate.[49]
On April 1, 2015, according to Deadline, Lionsgate announced it has created its new label, Lionsgate Premiere. This new label will handle up to 15 releases a year, targeting young audiences at theaters and digital outlets. The new label, part of the company's diversification effort, will incorporate Lionsgate and Summit Entertainment titles (including the Step Up film series and the Red film series) and then specialize in "innovative multiplatform and other release strategies" to reach "affinity audiences with branded content and targeted marketing." Marketing and Research SVP Jean McDowell will handle marketing, with distribution to be run by Adam Sorensen, who currently manages Western Sales.[50]
On November 10, 2015, Malone's two other companies, Liberty Global and Discovery, Inc. (now Warner Bros. Discovery), made a joint investment of $195–400 million in Lionsgate and acquired a 3.4% stake in the company.[51][52][53][54][55] Then on June 30, 2016, Lionsgate agreed to acquire Starz Inc. for $4.4 billion in cash and stock.[56] As of December 2016, it became the parent company of Starz Inc.[57]
On November 12, 2015, Lionsgate created a partnership with Armenian American television producer Craig Piligian when the studio acquired more than 50% of his Pilgrim Studios company worth $200 million. Piligian retained his position as CEO of the company while Pilgrim will continue to operate independently under Piligian.[58][59][60] The deal made Lionsgate a major unscripted player.[58]
On July 13, 2016, Lionsgate acquired a minority stake in British unscripted television production startup company Primal Media. It was launched by Matt Steiner and Adam Wood, who originally launched Gogglebox Entertainment that was acquired by Sony Pictures Television.[61]
AT&T also owns an approximately 2% stake in Lionsgate.[62]
On December 15, 2017, the weekly US financial newspaper Barron's revealed that Malone was selling nearly 108,000 class B shares in Lionsgate for $3.2 million, or $29.63 each, from December 4 to 13. Malone now owns directly and indirectly 6 million nonvoting class B shares, as well as beneficially about 6 million class A shares, which carry one vote each.[63]
In 2018, Lionsgate's newly launched digital content unit, Studio L, announced its first slate.[66] In October 2018, Agapy Kapouranis replaced Peter Iacono as president of international television and digital distribution.[67]
At the time, Lionsgate Vice Chairman Michael Burns stated in an interview with CNBC that Lionsgate was mostly interested in merging with CBS and Viacom.[70] Viacom and Lionsgate were both interested in acquiring The Weinstein Company.[64]
On February 27, 2018, a month after the bidding war announcement, Variety reported in a detailed article that toy manufacturing company Hasbro (which had collaborated with the company in the 2017 film My Little Pony: The Movie via its Allspark Pictures theatrical film financing unit which is in turn owned by its Allspark division) came close to also acquiring Lionsgate, but the deal fell through. Hasbro would later go on to acquire Entertainment One on December 30, 2019.[71]
Recent history
On October 3, 2019, Malone completed the sale of his stake in the studio.[72]
In April 2021, Lionsgate's Starz Inc. division filed an injunction in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico against The Walt Disney Company over the use of the Star+ brand in Latin America.[73] The two companies would reach a settlement in August that same year.[74]
From January 2023, Lionsgate entered a movie distribution deal with Cineplex Pictures, a subsidiary of Toronto-based Cineplex Entertainment which will see the release of selected Lionsgate titles in Canada.[76]
In July 2023, Deadline reported that Lionsgate was a frontrunner to acquire Entertainment One from Hasbro.[77] In August 2023, Lionsgate announced it would acquire the motion picture and television assets of Entertainment One from Hasbro for $500 million. Included among the assets are the trademarks of Maple Pictures, which Lionsgate divested to Alliance Films in 2011. The studio is expected to also pay $375 million in cash and $125 million in production financing loans related to the purchase.[78] The acquisition was completed on December 27, 2023.[79]
In December 2023, Lionsgate intended a plan to split its film and television assets with Starz following the completion of the company's acquisition of eOne. The company's Studios division will merge with Screaming Eagle Corp., a special-purpose acquisition company led by Eli Baker, to form a separate publicly traded company, Lionsgate Studios Corp. The transaction sets a $4.6-billion value on Lionsgate Studios and is expected to close in early-April 2024. Lionsgate will remain the controlling shareholder owning around 87 percent of Lionsgate Studios following the split until the end of 2024.[80][81]
Distribution
The distribution of selected recent non-in-house films for pay-per-view and on-demand are under the supervision of NBCUniversal Syndication Studios under Universal Pictures (Universal formerly held home video and television rights to many of the early Lionsgate films), while all others (particularly the in-house films) are distributed for both cable and broadcast television through Lionsgate's syndicated division. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios under MGM Television are also distributed in international cable, digital and broadcast television through Lionsgate's syndicated division.
Before Lions Gate Films Home Entertainment was formed, Lions Gate's video releases were distributed by Universal Studios Home Video and Columbia TriStar Home Video. Lions Gate Films decided to create two home video labels: Avalanche Home Entertainment, which released smaller Canadian B-movies on video and DVD; and Sterling Home Entertainment (a joint venture with Scanbox International, a Danish film company), which released American low-budget movies on video and DVD in the late 1990s.
In June 2000, Lions Gate purchased Trimark Pictures and its in-house home video unit. These three companies: Avalanche, Sterling, and Trimark Home Video were merged into Lions Gate Home Entertainment in 2001. After the acquisition, Sterling Home Entertainment was then renamed to Studio Home Entertainment, which later on folded itself into Lionsgate.[82] In 2003, Lions Gate purchased Artisan Entertainment, the latter folded into Lions Gate in 2004.
In 2001, in Quebec it was renamed Crystal Films, and in Ontario and other provinces, Maple Pictures.
In August 2001, Lions Gate Home Entertainment signed a deal with DIC Entertainment to distribute their back catalogue of animated titles on video and DVD in the United States, replacing DIC's long time partner Buena Vista Home Entertainment.[85] The partnership only lasted a year, as in 2003 DIC started to distribute their shows through the Sterling Entertainment Group (no connection to the ex-Lionsgate subsidiary Sterling Home Entertainment) and later other distribution companies like Shout! Factory, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment and NCircle Entertainment.
In 2008, Lionsgate Home Entertainment contracted with HIT Entertainment for DVD distribution in the US after its contract with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment expired.[86] This deal later ended in 2014 and HIT's DVD distribution was transferred to Universal Studios Home Entertainment.[87]
In 2009, American Greetings struck a deal with Lionsgate to release AG content on DVD after its deal with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment ended.[89] Though an exception was made with Strawberry Shortcake, of which it remained with Fox, as it was a prior deal made in 2003 where American Greetings signed a deal with Fox to distribute the franchise.
Until 2012, Lionsgate also distributed most of the theatrical properties held by Republic Pictures on DVD under license from Paramount Pictures. The deal also expanded to include some non-marquee films originally released by Paramount themselves. Recently, with the folding of Republic, Lionsgate's function was transferred to Olive Films (and later Kino Lorber).
In February 2011, Lionsgate and StudioCanal made an agreement to release 550 titles from the Miramax film library worldwide replacing Miramax's long time partner Buena Vista Home Entertainment.[90] Following ViacomCBS' acquisition of a 49% stake in Miramax, Paramount Home Entertainment took over the home media rights to the Miramax catalog.
In 2012, LGHE started distributing Summit Entertainment releases on DVD and Blu-ray as a result of Lionsgate acquiring that company.
On December 8, 2016, Lionsgate acquired Starz Inc. making Lionsgate the parent company of the North American branches of Anchor Bay Entertainment and Manga Entertainment.[91] The former was folded into Lionsgate Home Entertainment shortly after the buyout and the latter is planned to be relaunched in the near future.[92]
When Lionsgate's acquisition of eOne was completed on December 27, 2023, LGHE started distributing eOne's physical releases worldwide.
Lionsgate Interactive Ventures and Games
Lionsgate Interactive Ventures and Games is the video game development division of Lionsgate.[94] It was founded in April 2014 and is headed by Nerdist Industries co-founder Peter Levin. This division is dedicated to producing and distributing multiplatform games based on Lionsgate franchises, and investing in digital businesses. One of these franchises was Blair Witch, with Lionsgate Games publishing a Blair Witch game in 2019.[95]
On September 5, 2019, Great Point Capital Management signed a deal with Lionsgate to build a new production facility in Yonkers, New York, with Lionsgate becoming a long-term anchor tenant and investor. As the anchor tenant, Lionsgate will have naming rights to the studio. Construction on the site will start in November, and the facility will be running in late autumn 2020. The $100 million complex will include three 20,000-square-feet and two 10,000-square-feet stages, a fully operational back lot and the opportunity to create a location-based entertainment property. The studio, will be built next to the former Otis Elevator Company building in Getty Square and is expected to provide 420 new jobs in Yonkers, the developers said. They received numerous tax breaks and exemptions to build the project.
National Resources will be an investment partner and project developer, responsible for all phases of design and construction of the studio complex.
[97] On April 8, 2020, it was announced that the developers locked down $60 million in financing while the rest of the $40 million in the second phase of the project will be anchored by entertainment firm Lionsgate.[98]
The company owns Starz, a premium-tier cable network and streaming service, and related channels including Starz Encore, and MoviePlex. In addition, Lionsgate also owns FAST streaming channels MovieSphere by Lionsgate, OuterSphere by Lionsgate, HerSphere by Lionsgate and Ebony TV by Lionsgate (in a joint venture with Ebony Media Group). It also owns streaming service Laugh Out Loud and its FAST streaming channels LOL Network and LOL Stand-Up (in a joint venture with HartBeat Digital) as well as streaming service Tribeca Shortlist and its FAST streaming channel Tribeca Channel (in a joint venture with Tribeca Enterprises). The company also runs Free TV Networks (in a joint venture with Warner Bros. Discovery and Gray Television), which operates broadcast and FAST streaming channels The365 and Outlaw and FAST streaming channels VCR Action and VCR Haha. In addition, Lionsgate owns Celestial Tiger Entertainment (in a joint venture with Saban Capital Group and Celestial Pictures).
Assets
Lionsgate Global Franchise Management
Lionsgate Music
Lionsgate Home Entertainment
Lionsgate Family Entertainment
Lionsgate Interactive Ventures and Games
Entertainment One Canada Ltd. (trading as eOne Canada)
^Arnold, Thomas K. (March 25, 2008). "Lionsgate joins the HIT parade". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
US$3.597 billion (2022)
US$9.088 billion (2022)
