This is a list of number-one songs in the United States during the year 1956 according to Billboard magazine. Prior to the creation of the Billboard Hot 100, Billboard published multiple singles charts each week. In 1956, the following five charts were produced:

• Best Sellers in Stores – ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country.
• Most Played by Jockeys – ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys and radio stations.
• Most Played in Jukeboxes – ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States.
• Honor Roll of Hits – a composite ten-position song chart which combined data from the three charts above along with three other component charts.^[1][2] It served as The Billboard's lead chart until the introduction of the Hot 100 in 1958 and would remain in print until 1963.^[3]
• Top 100 - an early version of the Hot 100, the first chart to feature a combined tabulation of sales, airplay and jukebox play.

Note: In the issues dated February 25, June 16, September 15, November 17, and December 22, Billboard reported a tie for the number-one single on the Top 100. In addition, Billboard considered the following B-sides as sharing the number-one spot with its A-side on one of its charts:

• "I Was the One" (Elvis Presley; Best Sellers in Stores; April 21–April 28);^[a]
• "I Was the One" (Elvis Presley; Most Played in Jukeboxes; May 5, May 12);^[b]
• "My Baby Left Me" (Elvis Presley; Best Sellers in Stores; July 28);
• "Heaven on Earth" (The Platters; Best Sellers in Stores; August 4–11);
• "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" (Elvis Presley; Best Sellers in Stores; August 18–October 27);^[c]
• "Don't Be Cruel"/"Hound Dog" (Elvis Presley; Most Played in Jukeboxes; September 1–November 10);^[d]
• "Any Way You Want Me" (Elvis Presley; Best Sellers in Stores; November 10–17);^[e] and
• "Any Way You Want Me" (Elvis Presley; Most Played in Jukeboxes; December 8).