The British nobility consists of the peerage and the gentry. The peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles, granted by the British sovereign. Under this system, only the senior family member bears a substantive title (duke, marquess, earl, viscount, baron). The gentry are generally untitled members of the upper classes, however, exceptions include baronets, knights, dames, Scottish feudal barons and lairds.

The history of the Jews in Britain goes back to the reign of William the Conqueror. The first written record of Jewish settlement in England dates from 1070, although Jews may have lived there since Roman times.[1] The Jewish presence continued until King Edward I's Edict of Expulsion in 1290. After the expulsion, there was no Jewish community (apart from individuals who practised Judaism secretly) until the rule of Oliver Cromwell. While Cromwell never officially readmitted Jews to Britain, a small colony of Sephardic Jews living in London was identified in 1656 and allowed to remain. The Jewish Naturalisation Act of 1753, an attempt to legalise the Jewish presence in Britain, remained in force for only a few months. In 1858, practising Jews were finally allowed to sit in Parliament after the passage of the Jews Relief Act, which was a significant step on the path to Jewish emancipation in the United Kingdom.

The first Jewish knight was Sir Solomon de Medina, knighted in 1700, with no further Jews being knighted until 1837, when Queen Victoria knighted Moses Montefiore. Four years later, Isaac Goldsmid was made a baronet, the first Jew to receive a hereditary title. In 1885, Nathan Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild, became the first Jew to receive a peerage title.

Peerage titles

Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading

Marquessates

Earldoms

Viscountcies

Hereditary baronies

Extant

Extinct

Life peerages

David Young, Baron Young of Graffham

Other hereditary titles

Baronetcies

Extant

Extinct

Sir Moses Montefiore, Bt

Scottish feudal baronies

Other non-hereditary titles

Judicial lordships

Knighthoods

Honorary knighthoods

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ Kessler & Wenborn, p. 443.
  2. ^ a b Rubinstein, p. 457.
  3. ^ Rubinstein, p. 854.
  4. ^ Rubinstein, p. 293.
  5. ^ a b Rubinstein, pp. 825–826.
  6. ^ Rubinstein, p. 688.
  7. ^ Rubinstein, p. 639.
  8. ^ Rubinstein, p. 913.
  9. ^ Rubenstein, p. 959.
  10. ^ Rubinstein, p. 163.
  11. ^ Labour mourns the death of stalwart Baroness Birk, Herald Scotland.
  12. ^ "Interview: Michael Grade". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
  13. ^ Rubinstein, p. 470.
  14. ^ a b c Rubinstein, p. 498.
  15. ^ [1] Archived 17 July 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Jewish Chronicle
  17. ^ "David Puttnam reveals the secrets of the trade". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
  18. ^ Rubinstein, p. 845.
  19. ^ a b Rubinstein, p. 428.
  20. ^ "No. 20684". The London Gazette. 18 December 1864. p. 5885.
  21. ^ "Rothschild baronets". Debrett's illustrated baronetage and knightage. 1880. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  22. ^ Jackson, p. 208.
  23. ^ Rubinstein, p. 634.
  24. ^ a b Green, Chapter 5.
  25. ^ Rubinstein, p. 690.
  26. ^ "No. 26019". The London Gazette. 31 January 1890. p. 545.
  27. ^ "No. 28220". The London Gazette. 2 February 1909. p. 826.
  28. ^ Rubinstein, p. 342.
  29. ^ Bowcott, Owen (21 August 2019). "Former top judge lambasts Grayling and Truss in memoir". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  30. ^ "No. 60534". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 June 2013. p. 25.
  31. ^ Williams, Richard (12 April 2020). "Sir Stirling Moss obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  32. ^ Sol Kerzner, bahamaspress.com.
  33. ^ "2017 Honorary Awards" (PDF). Government Digital Service (U.K.).
  34. ^ Dr Mortimer Sackler receives honorary KBE, telegraph.co.uk; accessed 17 September 2015.

Sources

Categories