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This is an alphabetical list of Manchu clans:

History

When the Jurchens were reorganized by Nurhaci into the Eight Banners, many Manchu clans were artificially created as a group of unrelated people founded a new Manchu clan (mukun) using a geographic origin name such as a toponym for their hala (clan name).[1]

Extinct Manchu clans

The Qing dynasty completely annihilated the Manchu clan Hoifan (Hoifa) in 1697 and the Manchu tribe Ula in 1703 after they revolted against the Qing.[2]

Han Chinese origin Manchu clans

Select groups of Han Chinese bannermen were mass transferred into Manchu Banners by the Qing, changing their ethnicity from Han Chinese to Manchu. Han Chinese bannermen of Tai Nikan (watchpost Han) and Fusi Nikan (Fushun Han)[3] backgrounds into the Manchu banners in 1740 by order of the Qing Qianlong emperor.[4] It was between 1618-1629 when the Han Chinese from Liaodong who later became the Fusi Nikan and Tai Nikan defected to the Jurchens (Manchus).[5] These Han Chinese origin Manchu clans continue to use their original Han surnames and are marked as of Han origin on Qing lists of Manchu clans.[6][7][8][9]

Han Chinese transfrontiersmen and other non-Jurchen origin people who joined the Later Jin very early were put into the Manchu Banners and were known as "Baisin" in Manchu, and not put into the Han Banners to which later Han Chinese were placed in.[10][11] An example was the Tohoro Manchu clan in the Manchu banners which claimed to be descended from a Han Chinese with the surname of Tao who had moved north from Zhejiang to Liaodong and joined the Jurchens before the Qing in the Ming Wanli emperor's era.[12][13][14][15] The Han Chinese Banner Tong 佟 clan of Fushun in Liaoning falsely claimed to be related to the Jurchen Manchu Tunggiya 佟佳 clan of Jilin, using this false claim to get themselves transferred to a Manchu banner in the reign of the Kangxi emperor.[16]

See also: List of Chinese surnames taken by the Manchu clans

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

P

R

S

T

U

W

Y

Sources

References

  1. ^ Sneath, David (2007). The Headless State: Aristocratic Orders, Kinship Society, and Misrepresentations of Nomadic Inner Asia (illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. pp. 99–100. ISBN 978-0231511674.
  2. ^ Gorelova 2002, p. 36.
  3. ^ Elliott, Mark C. (2001). The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China (illustrated, reprint ed.). Stanford University Press. p. 84. ISBN 0804746842.
  4. ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2000). A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. University of California Press. p. 128. ISBN 0520928849.
  5. ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2000). A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. University of California Press. pp. 103–5. ISBN 0520928849.
  6. ^ "我姓阎,满族正黄旗,请问我的满姓可能是什么~_百度知道".
  7. ^ "《满族姓氏寻根大全·满族老姓全录》-我的天空-51Cto博客".
  8. ^ "此博客只允许博主自己查看".
  9. ^ ""闫"姓一支的来历_闫嘉庆_新浪博客".
  10. ^ Chʻing Shih Wen Tʻi, Volume 10, Issues 1–2. Society for Qing Studies. 1989. p. 71.
  11. ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2000). A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. University of California Press. p. 82. ISBN 0520928849.
  12. ^ Chʻing Shih Wen Tʻi, Volume 10, Issues 1–2. Society for Qing Studies. 1989. p. 71.
  13. ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2000). A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology. University of California Press. p. 48. ISBN 0520928849.
  14. ^ 清代名人傳略: 1644-1912 (reprint ed.). 經文書局. 1943. p. 780. Via brill.com
  15. ^ Hummel, Arthur W. Sr., ed. (1943). "Tuan-fang" . Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period. United States Government Printing Office.
  16. ^ Crossley, Pamela (June 1983). "restricted access The Tong in Two Worlds: Cultural Identities in Liaodong and Nurgan during the 13th-17th centuries". Ch'ing-shih Wen-t'i. Johns Hopkins University Press. 4 (9): 21–46.

Further reading

Category