This is a list of National Historic Sites (French: Lieux historiques nationaux) in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. There are 47 National Historic Sites designated in Newfoundland and Labrador, 10 of which are administered by Parks Canada (identified below by the beaver icon ).[1][2] Most National Historic Sites not administered by Parks Canada are the property of municipal governments, religious congregations, community groups, individuals or companies and may not be open to the public.[3] National Historic Sites not administered by Parks Canada are not included in Parks Canada entry passes.[4]
Numerous National Historic Events also occurred across Newfoundland & Labrador, and are identified at places associated with them, using the same style of federal plaque which marks National Historic Sites. Several National Historic Persons are commemorated throughout the province in the same way. The markers do not indicate which designation—a Site, Event, or Person—a subject has been given.
This list uses names designated by the national Historic Sites and Monuments Board, which may differ from other names for these sites.
Stone cathedral, constructed in the Lombard Romanesque Revival style, which has played an important role in the province's religious, political and social history
A noted example of a traditional outport fishing community; the buildings, structures and open spaces evoke the fishing outports of the 19th and early 20th-century
Newfoundland was a major telecommunications hub at the beginning of the 20th century as it offered the shortest link between North America and Europe; the building was the main relay for the transatlantic network of the Western Union Telegraph Company
First of a series of prefabricated iron lighthouses erected in Newfoundland in the 19th century, for transport to and erection at rugged sites; the first landfall light built on the dangerous south coast of the Avalon Peninsula to guide shipping through the Cabot Strait
At the time of this lighthouse's construction, it was the most important light on the dangerous southern shore of the Avalon Peninsula and it housed one of the most powerful lighting apparatuses in the world
The oldest surviving lighthouse in Newfoundland, constructed on the easternmost point in North America; built in 1835 by the Colony of Newfoundland to signal the approach to St. John's harbour
The remains of French and British fortifications overlooking the town; the defences played an important role in both local defence and the larger military interests of France and Britain in Atlantic Canada
A modest, wood church, located on a steep hill overlooking the harbour of the former village of Quidi Vidi; representative of the rapidly disappearing architecture of 19th-century outports
Serving as an important fishing and commercial station in the 17th century, it was abandoned after its burning and explusion of its inhabitants by the French in 1696; despite so, it is the best preserved early English settlement in Canada
Opened as a seagoing officer's club during the Second World War, the club served men from Allied navies and allowed the men from each vessel to decorate a section of wall as a memento to their ship; the club, along with its military memorabilia and artwork, remains a memorial to the naval war efforts
Soapstone was an important raw material for many aboriginal societies in Newfoundland, primarily used here for bowls and oil lamps; this archaeological site preserves considerable evidence about resource extraction techniques in Dorset culture
A three-and-a-half-storey brick building with mansard roof and Italianate features which housed many of Newfoundland's major banks from 1849 to 1985; closely associated with the evolution of banking in Newfoundland
Former Carbonear Railway Station (Newfoundland Railway)[20]
A one-storey, wood-frame building with a hip roof and overhanging eaves; representative of the stations on the Newfoundland Railway and typical architecture of early-20th-century, rural railway stations across Canada
A two-and-a-half-storey stone building with both Second Empire and Château design elements; commemorates the important role played by the Newfoundland Railway in the social, economic and political history of the province
The site of British fortification built to guard the mouth of St. John's harbour, of which there are no visible remains; named after William Amherst who recaptured St. John's from the French in 1762
An archaeological site at the former location of a British fort that served as the headquarters of the Newfoundland garrison from 1779 until 1871; the site is now occupied by The Rooms
The site of a fort which served as the original headquarters of the British garrison in Newfoundland, and which was attacked three times by the French; the fort represented the first official military presence in St. John's, although it was supplanted by Fort Townshend in the 1770s, and demolished in 1881
A complex of linked buildings, including a church, mission house, and store, all in a Germanic-influenced architectural style; a Moravian centre of religious instruction to the local Inuit, which also served commercial and medical purposes
A complex of large, wooden buildings constructed by the Moravian Church; commemorates the interaction between Labrador Inuit and missionaries, and representative of Moravian Mission architecture in Labrador
A well documented Beothuk site, it is a camp where they wintered in well-built, multi-sided mamateeks and hunted the native caribou; occupied for many generations, it was abandoned sometime around 1820
Quarry of unique chert widely traded in eastern America, active from 5,000 to 600 years ago; has been linked to Late Archaic burial complexes and belief systems; was also the basis of long-distance exchange between eastern Canada and New England
A complex of three former warehouses; commemorative of the offices and warehouses which once lined St. John's harbour and of the city's long tradition of sea-based trade
Imposing, heroic memorial to Newfoundland's sacrifice during the World War I and subsequent conflicts; location of where Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for England in 1583
The only town in Canada founded by a union; built by the Fishermen's Protective Union along an empty stretch of shoreline, the town was noted for its commercial success in the face of fierce competition from commercial merchants
A World Heritage Site and the site of one of the largest whaling ports used between 1550 and 1620 by Basque whaling expeditions from France and Spain; well-preserved evidence of the 16th-century whaling activities remain on the site, both on land and submerged in the harbour
Originally a suburb of large, wooden houses mainly from the late 19th to the early 20th centuries; a remarkably homogeneous grouping of upper middle class residences, associated with prominent Newfoundlanders of the period
A granite and sandstone Romanesque Revival-style courthouse; the most elaborate courthouse in the province and representative of the judicial system in Newfoundland
Buildings and landscape features associated with the Roman Catholic, Anglican, United (formerly Methodist) and Presbyterian denominations; representative of the involvement of Christian institutions in the history and political life of St. John's and the province
St. John's WWII Coastal Defences (Atlantic Bulwark)[46]
St. John's served as the main North American base for trans-Atlantic escorts during the Second World War; Canadian and American gun batteries and Canadian air force squadrons protected St. John's harbour
A wooden building constructed by the Corps of Royal Engineers for the British military garrison; after 1870, it served as the rectory for the Old Garrison Church
A landmark promontory that frames the entrance to St. John's Harbour, identifiable by the profile of Cabot Tower; site played important roles in Canada's defence and communications histories
An outport fishing community on Fogo Island; illustrative of the adaptation of Irish settlement patterns to Newfoundland, and a rare surviving example of mid-18th century landscape components
A 60.7-hectare (150-acre) grassy landscape located on a windswept headland; small fertile gardens, demarcated by stone walls, represent a rare surviving example of a communal system of land and community organization unique to Newfoundland
Twenty 19th-century mercantile buildings on Water Street near the harbour; representative of the business establishments associated with the Newfoundland fisheries and the Atlantic trade
A home originally built for local businessman Marmaduke Winter; a noted example of a conservative approach to the Queen Anne Revival style in Canadian domestic architecture
).[1][2] Most National Historic Sites not administered by Parks Canada are the property of municipal governments, religious congregations, community groups, individuals or companies and may not be open to the public.[3] National Historic Sites not administered by Parks Canada are not included in Parks Canada entry passes.[4]
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