This is a list of all the United States Supreme Court cases from volume 316 of the United States Reports:
| Case name | Citation | Date decided |
|---|---|---|
| United States v. Malphurs | 316 U.S. 1 | 1942 |
| Scripps-Howard Radio, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission | 316 U.S. 4 | 1942 |
| United States ex rel. Noland Company v. Irwin | 316 U.S. 23 | 1942 |
| Southern Steamship Company v. National Labor Relations Board | 316 U.S. 31 | 1942 |
| Valentine v. Chrestensen | 316 U.S. 52 | 1942 |
| Helvering. Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Safe Deposit and Trust Company | 316 U.S. 56 | 1942 |
| Magruder v. Washington, Baltimore and Annapolis Realty Company | 316 U.S. 69 | 1942 |
| Gregg Cartage and Storage Company v. United States | 316 U.S. 74 | 1942 |
| Prudence Realization Corporation v. Geist | 316 U.S. 89 | 1942 |
| Gorman v. Washington University | 316 U.S. 98 | 1942 |
| Waley v. Johnston | 316 U.S. 101 | 1942 |
| National Labor Relations Board v. Nevada Consolidated Copper Corporation | 316 U.S. 105 | 1942 |
| Helvering. Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Credit Alliance Corporation | 316 U.S. 107 | 1942 |
| Goldstein v. United States | 316 U.S. 114 | 1942 |
| Goldman v. United States | 316 U.S. 129 | 1942 |
| Milcor Steel Company v. George A. Fuller Company | 316 U.S. 143 | 1942 |
| Federal Trade Commission v. Raladam Company | 316 U.S. 149 | 1942 |
| Municipal Investors Association v. City of Birmingham | 316 U.S. 153 | 1942 |
| Georgia v. Evans | 316 U.S. 159 | 1942 |
| Wilmington Trust Company v. Helvering. Commissioner of Internal Revenue | 316 U.S. 164 | 1942 |
| City of Chicago v. Fieldcrest Dairies, Inc. | 316 U.S. 168 | 1942 |
| State Tax Commission of Utah v. Aldrich | 316 U.S. 174 | 1942 |
| Mishawaka Rubber and Woolen Manufacturing Company v. S.S. Kresge Company | 316 U.S. 203 | 1942 |
| United States v. Citizens Loan and Trust Company | 316 U.S. 209 | 1942 |
| Swift and Company v. United States | 316 U.S. 216 | 1942 |
| United States v. Univis Lens Company | 316 U.S. 241 | 1942 |
| Cochran v. Kansas | 316 U.S. 255 | 1942 |
| United States v. Nunnally Investment Company | 316 U.S. 258 | 1942 |
| United States v. Masonite Corp. | 316 U.S. 265 | 1942 |
| Reeves v. Beardall | 316 U.S. 283 | 1942 |
| Seminole Nation v. United States I | 316 U.S. 286 | 1942 |
| Seminole Nation v. United States II | 316 U.S. 310 | 1942 |
| Sioux Tribe v. United States | 316 U.S. 317 | 1942 |
| Pence v. United States | 316 U.S. 332 | 1942 |
| United States ex rel. Coy v. United States | 316 U.S. 342 | 1942 |
| Northern Pacific Railroad Company v. United States | 316 U.S. 346 | 1942 |
| Peyton v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. | 316 U.S. 350 | 1942 |
| Stewart v. United States (1942) | 316 U.S. 354 | 1942 |
| Williams Manufacturing Company v. United Shoe Machinery Corporation | 316 U.S. 364 | 1942 |
| Magruder v. Supplee | 316 U.S. 394 | 1942 |
| Hill v. Texas | 316 U.S. 400 | 1942 |
| Columbia Broadcasting System v. United States | 316 U.S. 407 | 1942 |
| National Broadcasting Company v. United States | 316 U.S. 447 | 1942 |
| American Chicle Company v. United States | 316 U.S. 450 | 1942 |
| Betts v. Brady | 316 U.S. 455 | 1942 |
| Standard Oil Company v. Johnson | 316 U.S. 481 | 1942 |
| Query v. United States | 316 U.S. 486 | 1942 |
| Brillhart v. Excess Insurance Company of America | 316 U.S. 491 | 1942 |
| Faitoute Iron and Steel Company v. City of Asbury Park | 316 U.S. 502 | 1942 |
| A.B. Kirschbaum Company v. Walling | 316 U.S. 517 | 1942 |
| Helvering. Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Cement Investors, Inc. | 316 U.S. 527 | 1942 |
| Skinner v. Oklahoma ex rel. Williamson | 316 U.S. 535 | 1942 |
| Ward v. Texas | 316 U.S. 547 | 1942 |
| Chrysler Corporation v. United States | 316 U.S. 556 | 1942 |
| Overnight Motor Transportation Company, Inc. v. Missel | 316 U.S. 572 | 1942 |
| Jones v. Opelika | 316 U.S. 584 | 1942 |
| Walling v. A.H. Belo Corporation | 316 U.S. 624 | 1942 |