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((Short description|Extreme traits of production automobiles.))
((More citations needed|date=December 2007))
((Use dmy dates|date=November 2023))
'''Automotive superlatives''' include attributes such as the ''smallest'', ''largest'', ''fastest'', ''lightest'', ''best-selling'', and so on.

This list (except for the [[#Firsts|firsts]] section) is limited to automobiles built after World War II, and lists [[#Pre-war|superlatives for earlier vehicles]] separately. The list is also limited to production road cars that:

*Are constructed principally for retail sale to consumers for personal use transporting people on public roads. No commercial or industrial vehicles are included
*Have had 25 or more instances made by the [[automotive industry|original vehicle manufacturer]] offered for sale to the public in new condition (cars modified by either professional tuners or individuals are not eligible)
*Are [[street-legal vehicle|street-legal]] in their intended markets and capable of passing any official tests or inspections required to be granted this status

Calendar years rather than "model years" are used except when explicitly marked as otherwise.

((TOC left|limit=3))
((clear))

==Vehicle dimensions==

===Length===
[[File:Checker Aero 8 1966 (3).jpg|thumb|Checker Aerobus 9-door wagon]]
* Longest
** Car
*** Current production car – ((convert|5982|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2018 [[Rolls-Royce Phantom (eighth generation)|Rolls-Royce Phantom EWB]]
*** Production car – ((convert|269.75|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) – 1962–1977 eight door [[Checker Aerobus]]
*** Production station wagon – ((convert|269.75|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) – 1962–1977 nine door [[Checker Aerobus]]
*** Limited production coupe – ((Convert|6400|mm|in|abbr=)) – 1931 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Kellner]]
***Production convertible – ((convert|6096|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1934–1935 (for the 1934–1935 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
** Truck
*** Pickup truck – ((convert|6762|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Ford Super Duty|Ford F-250/F-350]] crew cab long bed
** SUV – ((convert|5766|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2022 [[Cadillac Escalade|Cadillac Escalade ESV]]
** Van – ((convert|7628|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Iveco Daily]]
* Shortest
** Current production car – ((convert|1371|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2011 [[Peel P50]]<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.peelengineering.com/peels/peel-p50 |title=Peel P50 |publisher=Peel Engineering |location=UK |access-date=2017-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161211144135/http://www.peelengineering.com/peels/peel-p50 |archive-date=2016-12-11 |url-status=dead))</ref>
** Production car – ((convert|1340|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1962–1965 [[Peel P50]]
** Two seat production car – ((convert|73|in|mm|0|order=flip|abbr=on)) – [[Peel Trident]]
** Four seat production car – ((convert|2900|mm|in|0|abbr=on)) – 1957–1959 [[BMW 600]] (international)<ref>((cite book |last=Norbye |first=Jan P. |title=BMW – Bavaria's Driving Machines |year=1984 |publisher=Publications International |location=Skokie, IL |isbn=0-517-42464-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/bmwbavariasdrivi00norb ))</ref>
** SUV / dually truck – ((convert|91.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) – 1950–1952 [[Crofton Bug|Crosley Farm-O-Road]]
** Four-wheel-drive car – ((convert|2718|mm|in|0|abbr=on)) – 1959–1962 [[M422 Mighty Mite]]
** Light military truck – ((convert|2718|mm|in|0|abbr=on)) – 1959–1962 [[M422 Mighty Mite]]

===Width (without mirrors)===
[[File:2022 Lamborghini Countach.jpg|thumb|Lamborghini Countach LPI 800-4]]
*Widest
**Car
***Current production car – ((convert|2099|mm|in|1|abbr=on)) – [[Lamborghini Countach LPI 800-4]]<ref name="Countach">((cite press release |title=Lamborghini Countach LPI 800-4 |url=https://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/lamb/DocumentAssets/591986_v2.pdf |date=13 August 2021 |access-date=6 April 2023 |publisher=Lamborghini |location=Italy |via=The News Market))</ref>
***Production car – ((convert|2105|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1953–54 (for the 1954 model year) [[Chrysler Imperial#1949–1954|Chrysler Crown Imperial]]
***Production convertible – ((convert|2096|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2004 [[Maserati MC12]]
***Production station wagon – ((convert|2070|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1959–60 (for the 1960 model year) [[Mercury Colony Park]]/[[Mercury Commuter|Commuter]], and [[Ford Country Squire]]/[[Ford Country Sedan|Country Sedan]]/[[Ford Ranch Wagon|Ranch Wagon]]
***Limited production convertible – ((convert|2100|mm|1|abbr=on)) (armoured) – 1938–1943 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]]<ref name="autogalleryW150">((cite web |url=http://www.autogallery.org.ru/mb770150.htm |title=Mercedes-Benz 770 W150 Grosser |work=Oldtimer picture gallery. |first=Andrei |last=Bogomolov |date=1999-12-05 |access-date=2013-03-29))</ref>
**Pickup truck – ((convert|2436|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth generation Silverado / Fifth generation Sierra (2019–present)|Chevrolet Silverado 3500HD]]<ref name="CS2020">((cite press release |url=https://media.gm.com/media/us/en/chevrolet/vehicles/silverado-3500hd/2020.tab1.html |title=Chevrolet Silverado 3500HD – 2020 |work=GM Media |access-date=2019-08-26))</ref>
**SUV
***SUV – ((convert|2197|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1991–2006 (for the 1992–2006 model years) [[Hummer H1]]
**Van
***Current van – ((convert|2112|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Ford Transit]]<ref>((cite book |url=https://www.ford.nl/content/dam/guxeu/nl/documents/brochures/commercial-vehicles/BRO-ford_nieuwe_transit_gesloten_bestelauto_kombi.pdf |title=Ford Transit |publisher=Ford |location=The Netherlands |language=Dutch |date=May 2021 |access-date=2021-12-11))</ref>
***Van – ((convert|2240|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Mercedes-Benz Vario]]
*Narrowest
**Current production car – ((convert|1475|mm|1|abbr=on)) – all Japanese [[kei car]]s
**Current production car (International) – ((convert|1595|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Kia Picanto]]
**Production car – ((convert|28|in|mm|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) – 1946 [[Larmar Engineering|Larmar]]

===Height===
[[File:57th St 6½ Av td (2018-08-16) 05.jpg|thumb|Lincoln Navigator (78.3 in tall) in front of a Ford Fusion (56.9 in tall)]]

*Tallest
**Car
***Current production car – ((convert|1835|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Daihatsu Wake|Daihatsu Wake/Hijet Caddie/Toyota Pixis Mega]]
***Production car – ((convert|2550|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1904–1909 [[Fiat 60 HP]]
**Pickup Truck – ((convert|2956|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Brabus]] [[Unimog|Unimog U500 Black Edition]]
**SUV – ((convert|1989|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Lincoln Navigator]]
**Van – ((convert|3055|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]] 906 L4H3<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/mercedes/sprinter/64641/2008-2018-van |title=Mercedes Sprinter (2008-2018) van review |work=Auto Express |location=UK |date=11 January 2018 |access-date=26 April 2021))</ref>
*Lowest
**Current production car – ((convert|1015|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Caterham 7 CSR]]
**Production car – ((convert|810|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1956–1958 [[Lotus Eleven]]
**Limited production car – ((convert|736.6|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1969 [[Probe 16#Probe series|Probe 15]]<ref name="Specialist Sports Cars, Peter J. Filby, p.74">Specialist Sports Cars, Peter J. Filby, p.74</ref>((Additional citation needed|date=May 2018))

===Wheelbase===
[[File:2015-03-03 Geneva Motor Show 3746.JPG|thumb|Mercedes-Maybach S600 Pullman]]
*Longest
**Car
***Current production car – ((convert|4418|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2016 [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)|Mercedes-Maybach Pullman]]
***Production car – ((convert|4418|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2016 [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)|Mercedes-Maybach Pullman]]
***Production convertible – ((convert|3912|mm|1|abbr=on)) (29 produced) – 1933–1937 (for the 1934–1937 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
***Production coupe – ((convert|3912|mm|1|abbr=on)) (20 produced) – 1933–1937 (for the 1934–1937 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
***Production station wagon – ((convert|3340|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1950–51 (for the 1951 model year) [[Chrysler Town & Country (1941–1988)|Chrysler New Yorker Town and Country]]
***Limited production car – ((convert|4521|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1937 [[Duesenberg Model J|Duesenberg Model J "Father Divine"]]((source?|date=March 2024))<!-- Is it a production car? Only one built. -->
***Limited production coupe – ((convert|4300|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1931 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Kellner]]
***Limited production sedan – ((convert|4521|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1937 [[Duesenberg Model J|Duesenberg Model J "Father Divine"]]((source?|date=March 2024))<!-- Is it a sedan? No trunk. -->
**Pickup Truck – ((convert|4379|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Ford Super Duty|Ford F-250/F-350]] crew cab long bed
**SUV
***Current SUV – ((convert|3406|mm|in|abbr=on)) – [[Chevrolet Suburban]], [[GMC Yukon XL]], and [[Cadillac Escalade ESV]]
***SUV – ((convert|3482|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Ford Excursion]]
***Mid-sized SUV - ((convert|3140|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Haval H5#Second generation (2023-)|Haval H5]]
***Compact SUV [[Battery electric vehicle|EV]] - ((convert|3000|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Hyundai Ioniq 5]]
***Subcompact SUV [[Battery electric vehicle|EV]] - ((convert|2770|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Ford Explorer EV]]
***Subcompact SUV - ((convert|2755|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Hyundai_Tucson#Fourth_generation_(NX4;_2020)|Hyundai Tucson (LWB)]]
**Van – ((convert|4332|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Renault Master|Nissan NV400, Opel/Vauxhall Movano and Renault Master]]
*Shortest
**Current production car – ((convert|1867|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Smart Fortwo]]
**Production car – ((convert|1270|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1962–1965 [[Peel P50]]

===[[Track (automobile)|Track]]===
*Widest front
**Car
***Production car – ((convert|1784|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2022 [[Lamborghini Countach LPI 800-4]]<ref name="Countach"/>
***Production station wagon – ((convert|1628|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1968–1978 (for the 1969–1978 model years) [[Mercury Colony Park]]/[[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]]/[[Mercury Monterey|Monterey]]
**Pickup truck – ((convert|1958|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 2019 Ram 5500 Regular Cab 120 CA
**SUV
***Current SUV – ((convert|1745|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Cadillac Escalade]], [[Chevrolet Suburban]] and [[GMC Yukon]]
***SUV – ((convert|1819|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1991–2006 (for the 1992–2006 model years) [[Hummer H1]]
**Van – ((convert|1786|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Ford E-Series|Ford E-150]] regular wagon
*Widest rear
**Car
***Production car – ((convert|1722|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[BMW i8]]<ref name="BMW i8">((cite web |url=https://www.thecarconnection.com/specifications/bmw_i8_2019 |title=2019 BMW i8 Specifications |work=The Car Connection |access-date=17 March 2020))</ref>
***Production convertible – ((convert|1722|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[BMW i8|BMW i8 Roadster]]<ref name="BMW i8"/>
***Production station wagon – ((convert|1633|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1968–1978 (1969–1978 model years) [[Mercury Colony Park]]/[[Mercury Marquis|Marquis]]/[[Mercury Monterey|Monterey]] and [[Ford Country Squire]]/[[Ford Country Sedan|Country Sedan]]/[[Ford Ranch Wagon|Ranch Wagon]]
**Pickup truck – ((convert|1925|mm|1|abbr=on)) – Ram 3500 DRW
**SUV
***Current SUV – ((convert|1744|mm|1|abbr=on)) – [[Cadillac Escalade]], [[Chevrolet Suburban]] and [[GMC Yukon]]
***SUV – ((convert|1819|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1991–2006 (for the 1992–2006 model years) [[Hummer H1]]
**Van – ((convert|1915|mm|1|abbr=on)) [[Ford E-Series|Ford E-350]] super duty dual rear wheels
*Narrowest front – ((convert|990|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1962–1965 [[Peel P50]]
*Narrowest rear – ((convert|521|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1953–1961 [[Isetta]]

===[[Curb weight]]===
[[File:Peel P 50 1963 A.JPG|thumb|Peel P50]]
*Heaviest
**Car
***Production car – ((convert|5100|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – 2017 [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)|Mercedes-Maybach S600 Pullman Guard]]<ref name="Mercedes-Maybach S600 Pullman Guard">((cite web |title=Mercedes-Maybach S600 Pullman Guard |url=https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/mercedes-benz/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-maybach/mercedes-maybach-s-600-pullman-guard/ |publisher=Mercedes-Benz |access-date=2017-10-06))</ref>
***Production convertible – ((convert|2721.5|-|2857.5|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) (29 produced) – 1933–1937 (for the 1934–1937 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
***Production coupe – ((convert|2721.5|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) (20 produced) – 1933–1937 (for the 1934–1937 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
***Production station wagon – ((convert|2449.5|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – 1973–74 (for the 1974 model year) [[Buick Estate]] and [[Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (with third seat and woodgrain)
***Limited production convertible – ((convert|4400|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) (armoured) – 1938–1943 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]]<ref name="autogalleryW150"/>
***Limited production coupe – ((convert|3175|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – 1931 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Kellner]]
**Pickup truck – ((convert|6600|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – [[International XT]]
**SUV
***Current SUV – ((convert|5900|kg|lb|-2|abbr=on)) – 2008 [[Knight XV|Conquest Knight XV]]
***SUV – ((convert|5900|kg|lb|-2|abbr=on)) – 2008 [[Knight XV|Conquest Knight XV]]
**Van
***Current van – ((convert|3075|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – [[Iveco Daily]]
***Van – ((convert|4380|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – [[Mercedes-Benz Vario]]
*Lightest
**Current production car – ((convert|440|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – [[Caterham 7|Caterham 7 170]]<ref name="Caterham Seven 170 revealed as the lightest production Seven yet">((cite web |title=Caterham Seven 170 revealed as the lightest production Seven yet |url=https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/caterham/7/356115/caterham-reveals-seven-170-lightest-production-seven-yet |publisher=Auto-Express |access-date=2021-10-14))</ref><ref name="Caterham Seven 170">((cite web |title=Caterham Seven 170 |url=https://www.caterhamcars.com/en/models/the-iconic-range/seven-170 |publisher=Caterham-Cars |access-date=2021-10-14))</ref>
**Production car – ((convert|59|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – 1962–1965 [[Peel P50]]

==[[internal combustion engine|Engines]]==

===[[Engine displacement]]===

====Smallest====
* Current production car – ((Convert|660|cc|abbr=on|1)) – [[Caterham 7|Caterham 7 160]], as well as all [[kei car]]s
* Production car
** Single-cylinder – ((Convert|49|cc|abbr=on|1)) – 1962–1965 [[Peel P50]]
** Two-cylinder – ((Convert|352|cc|abbr=on|1)) – 1967–1972 [[Honda N360]]
** Three-cylinder – ((Convert|356|cc|abbr=on|1)) – 1967 [[Suzuki Fronte]]
** Four-cylinder – ((Convert|356|cc|abbr=on|1)) – 1963–1967 [[Honda T360]]
** Five-cylinder – ((Convert|1921|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 1980–1982 [[Audi 100]]
** Six-cylinder – ((Convert|1203|cc|L cuin|order=out|1|abbr=)) – 1931–1933 [[Triumph 12-6 Scorpion]]
** Eight-cylinder – ((Convert|1991|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 1967–1969 [[Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale]] and 1975–1980 [[Ferrari GT4#208 GT4|Ferrari 208 GT4]]
** Ten-cylinder – ((convert|4805|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 2010–2012 [[Lexus LFA]]
** Twelve-cylinder – ((convert|2000|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 1948–1950 [[Ferrari 166 Inter]]

====Largest====
[[File:Bugatti W16, GIMS 2019, Le Grand-Saconnex (GIMS0966).jpg|thumb|Bugatti Chiron 8.0 L W16]]

* Current production car – ((convert|7993|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – [[Bugatti W16 engine|W16]] 2017 [[Bugatti Chiron]]
* Production car 
** Three-cylinder – ((Convert|1988.25|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 2020 [[Koenigsegg Gemera]]<ref name="gemera">((cite news |url=https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/motor-shows-geneva-motor-show/new-koenigsegg-gemera-revealed-1700bhp-four-seat-hybrid |title=New Koenigsegg Gemera revealed as 1700bhp four-seat hybrid |first=Felix |last=Page |work=Autocar |location=UK |date=2020-03-03 |access-date=2020-03-09))</ref>
** Four-cylinder – ((Convert|3200|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 1999–2006 [[Mitsubishi Pajero#Third generation (V60- / NM, NP; 1999)|Mitsubishi Pajero]] – [[Mitsubishi 4M4 engine#4M41|4M4 engine]]
** Five-cylinder – ((Convert|3653|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 2007–2012 [[Chevrolet Colorado]]
** Six-cylinder – ((Convert|7983|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) - 1930-1932 [[Bentley 8 Litre]]
** Eight-cylinder – ((Convert|8194|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 1970–1976 [[Cadillac Eldorado]]
** Ten-cylinder – ((convert|8382|cc|L cuin|order=out|1)) – 2013–2017 [[Dodge Viper]]
** Twelve-cylinder – ((convert|11310 |cc|L cuin|order=out|2)) – 1935–1938 [[Hispano-Suiza J12]]

===[[Power (physics)|Power]]===
((See also|List of production cars by power output))

====Highest power by engine type====
[[File:Regera (light gradient).png|thumb|Koenigsegg Regera]]

*[[Petrol engine]] ([[naturally aspirated]]) – ((convert|745.7|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – [[Aston Martin Valkyrie]], ((convert|6500|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[Cosworth RA|Cosworth V12]]<ref>((cite press release |url=https://media.astonmartin.com/aston-martin-valkyrie-v12-turns-the-hypercar-engine-up-to-11100/ |title=Aston Martin Valkyrie V12 turns the hypercar engine up to 11,100 |publisher=Aston Martin |location=UK |date=2018-12-14 |access-date=2019-06-11))</ref>
*Petrol engine ([[forced induction]]) – ((convert|1177|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – [[Bugatti Centodieci]], ((convert|8000|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[Bugatti W16 engine|W16]]
*[[Diesel engine]] ([[naturally aspirated]]) – ((convert|138|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – 1992 [[Ford F-Series|Ford F-250/F-350]], ((convert|7276|cc|1|abbr=on)) – [[International Harvester IDI]] [[V8 engine|V8]]
*Diesel engine ([[forced induction]]) – ((convert|368|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – [[Audi Q7#Q7 V12 TDI (2008–2012)|Audi Q7 V12 TDI]], ((convert|5934|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[twin-turbo]] [[Turbocharged Direct Injection|TDI]] [[V12 engine|V12]]<ref name=AW-Q7>((cite web|title=The World's most powerful diesel passenger cat|url=http://www.audiworld.com/news/06/q7-v12-tdi/|date=2006-09-11|work=[[Audi|AUDI AG]]|publisher=AudiWorld.com|access-date=2009-08-28))</ref><ref name=Q7-AudiAG>((cite web|title=The ultimate high-performance SUV – the new Audi Q7 V12 TDI quattro|url=https://www.audi-mediaservices.com/publish/ms/content/en/pressemitteilungen/2008/03/02/der_neue_audi_q7_v12.standard.gid-journalisten.html|date=2008-03-02|work=[[Audi|AUDI AG]] – press release|publisher=Audi-MediaServices.com|access-date=2009-10-02))</ref> / ((convert|368|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) [[Ford Super Duty#Fifth generation (2023–present)|Ford Super Duty]], ((convert|6651|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[turbo]]charged [[Powerstroke]] V8<ref name= pullingstumps>((cite web|title=The New Ford Super Duty|url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/news/a41781482/2023-ford-super-duty-hp-torque/|date=2022-06-01|work=roadandtrack.com|publisher=Hearst Digital Media|access-date=2023-06-01))</ref>
*[[Electric motor]] – ((convert|1973|hp|kW|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) – [[Lotus Evija]]
*[[Plug-in hybrid]] – ((convert|1118|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – [[Koenigsegg Regera]] (((convert|820|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) of combustion engine power on 95 octane [[Research Octane Number|RON]] (somewhat more on [[E85]]) from a ((convert|5000|cc|1|abbr=on)) V8 and ((convert|520|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) of electric propulsion)

====Highest power by body style====
*2-door coupé – ((convert|1471|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – 2020 [[Lotus Evija]]; four electric motors
*4-door sedan – ((convert|761|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) – 2022 [[Tesla Model S Plaid]]; three electric motors<ref>((cite web|date=2021-06-17|title=2022 Tesla Model S Plaid First Test: 0–60 MPH in 1.98 Seconds*!|url=https://www.motortrend.com/reviews/2022-tesla-model-s-plaid-first-test-review/|access-date=2021-08-22|website=MotorTrend|language=en))</ref>
*Pickup truck/ute – ((convert|530|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) 2024 [[Ford F-Series (fourteenth generation)|Ford F-150 Raptor R]]; ((convert|5163|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[petrol engine|petrol]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://tfltruck.com/2023/12/news-2024-ford-f-150-raptor-r-gets-better-with-more-power/|title=2024 Ford F-150 Raptor R Gets Better with More Power!|first=Andre |last=Smirnov|work=[[TFL Truck]]|date=20 December 2023))</ref>
*SUV – ((convert|529|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) 2021 [[Dodge Durango]] SRT Hellcat; ((convert|6166|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[petrol engine|petrol]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a33032306/2021-dodge-durango-srt-hellcat-revealed/|title=710-HP 2021 Dodge Durango SRT Hellcat Is Coming for One Year Only|first=Maxwell |last=Mortimer|work=[[Car and Driver]]|date=2 July 2020))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/2021-dodge-durango-srt-hellcat-first-look-details-photos-video/|title=2021 Dodge Durango SRT Hellcat First Look: The Family SUV From Hell|first=Alisa |last=Priddle|work=[[Motor Trend]]|date=2 July 2020))</ref>
*Minivan – ((convert|375|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) 2007 [[Mercedes-Benz R-Class#R 63 AMG 4MATIC|Mercedes-Benz R 63 AMG 4MATIC]]; ((Convert|6208|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[petrol engine|petrol]]
*Van – ((convert|299|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) 2021 [[Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana]]; ((convert|6551|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[petrol engine|petrol]]<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.tfltruck.com/2020/03/2021-chevy-express-van-gets-new-6-6-liter-gas-v8-power/ |title=2021 Chevy Express Van Gets New 6.6-Liter Gas V8 Power |first=Nathan |last=Adlen |work=The Fast Lane Truck |location=US |date=2020-03-05 |access-date=2020-03-19))</ref>
*Heavy truck – non-hybrid ((convert|589|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on)) [[Shaanxi Automobile Group|Shacman X6000]]; ((Convert|16.6|L|cuin|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://satrucker.co.za/shacman-x6000-800hp-becomes-the-worlds-most-powerful-truck-dethrones-the-scania-770hp/|title=the World's Most Powerful Truck|date=10 January 2023 |access-date=11 January 2023))</ref>

====Highest specific power (power-to-weight ratio)====
*[[Naturally aspirated]] (limited production) – ((cvt|((#expr:575/470 round 2))|hp/kg|kW/kg|2|order=flip)) – 2007 [[Caparo T1]] – ((convert|429|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) and ((convert|470|kg|0|abbr=on|lk=on))
*[[Forced-induction]] (limited production) – ((cvt|((#expr:1750/1247 round 2))|hp/kg|kW/kg|2|order=flip)) – 2020 [[SSC Tuatara]] – ((convert|1305|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) and ((convert|1247|kg|0|abbr=on|lk=on))

((anchor|PoverD))

====[[Specific output|Highest specific engine output]] (power/unit displacement)====
*Petrol ([[naturally aspirated]]) [[piston engine]] – ((convert|((#expr:373/3.0 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) per litre – 2008 [[Ariel Atom 500]] ((convert|373|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) 3.0&nbsp;L [[V8 engine|V8]]<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.evo.co.uk/ariel/atom-v8/11329/ariel-atom-500-v8|title=Ariel Atom 500 V8|website=evo))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a18733058/ariel-launches-limited-edition-500-hp-atom-500-v8|title=Ariel Launches Limited-Edition, 500-hp Atom 500 V8|first=Jake|last=Holmes|date=10 September 2010|website=Car and Driver))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.arielna.com/arielatom3s/arielatom3rs|title=Ariel Atom, Ariel Nomad, Ariel North America Ariel Atom 3S/3RS|website=Ariel North America))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.autoblog.com/2009/05/28/more-details-on-the-500-hp-ariel-atom-500-v8/|title=More details on the 500-hp Ariel Atom 500 V8|website=Autoblog))</ref>
*Petrol ([[forced-induction]]) [[piston engine]] – ((convert|((#expr:422/1.6 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – 2022 [[Mercedes-AMG One]] ((convert|422|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) ((convert|1600|cc|1|abbr=on)) turbocharged [[V6 engine|V6]]
*[[Biofuel]] piston engine – ((convert|((#expr:1177/5.065 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – 2020 [[Koenigsegg Jesko]] ((convert|1177|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) ((convert|5065|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[twin-turbo]]charged [[V8 engine|V8]] on E85 fuel<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-shows/geneva-auto-show/a26617787/koenigsegg-jesko-geneva-motor-show-photos-info-specs/ |title=The Koenigsegg Jesko Has 1600 HP and Promises a 300-MPH Top Speed |first=Máté |last=Pétrány |work=[[Road & Track]] |date=2019-03-05 |access-date=2019-03-05))</ref>
*[[Diesel engine]] ([[naturally aspirated]]) – ((convert|((#expr:100/2.996 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – 1993 [[Mercedes-Benz W124|Mercedes E 300 diesel]] ((convert|100|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) [[DIN]] 2.996&nbsp;L [[Mercedes-Benz OM606 engine|OM606]] [[straight-six engine|I6]]
*[[Diesel engine]] ([[forced-induction]]) – ((convert|((#expr:300/3.0 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – 2020 [[Alpina#Alpina D5 S|BMW Alpina D5 S]] 3.0&nbsp;L I6 triturbo ((convert|300|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on))<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.alpina-automobiles.com/en/models/d5-s/highlights/ |title=Highlights: ALPINA Automobiles |access-date=2021-04-01 ))</ref>
*[[Pistonless rotary engine]] ([[naturally aspirated]]) – ((convert|((#expr:184/1.3 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – [[Mazda RX-8]] [[Renesis (Engine)|Renesis]] ((convert|184|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) [[Japanese Industrial Standard|JIS]] 1.3&nbsp;L
*[[Pistonless rotary engine]] ([[forced-induction]]) – ((convert|((#expr:206/1.3 round 1))|kW|PS hp|1|abbr=on)) per litre – [[Mazda RX-7]] ((convert|206|kW|PS hp|0|abbr=on)) [[Japanese Industrial Standard|JIS]] 1.3&nbsp;L

====Highest power by cylinder count (Production Cars)====

* Two-cylinder – ((Convert|964|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|105|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|145|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2007 [[Fiat 500 (2007)|Fiat 500]]
* Three-cylinder – ((Convert|1988|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|608|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|600|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2020 [[Koenigsegg Gemera]]<ref name="gemera"/>
* Four-cylinder – ((Convert|1991|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|476|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|545|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2022 [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W206)|Mercedes-AMG C 63 S E Performance 4MATIC+]]
* Five-cylinder – ((Convert|2480|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|500|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|581|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2022 [[KTM X-Bow|KTM X-Bow GT-XR]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://ktm.com/en-gb/models/x-bow/x-bow-gt-xr-2023.html |title=X-BOW GT-XR 2023 |publisher=KTM |access-date=2022-10-06))</ref>
* Six-cylinder – ((Convert|3799|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|720|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|780|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2020 [[Nissan GT-R#GT-R50|Nissan GT-R50 by Italdesign]]
* Eight-cylinder – ((Convert|6600|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|1842|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|1617|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2020 [[Hennessey Venom F5]]
* Ten-cylinder – ((convert|8382|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|654|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|813|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2015 [[Dodge Viper#Third generation (VX, 2013–2017)|Dodge Viper]]
* Twelve-cylinder – ((convert|6496|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|1014|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|740|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2021 [[Aston Martin Valkyrie]]
* Sixteen-cylinder – ((convert|7993|cc|L cuin|1|order=out|abbr=)) – ((convert|1600|PS|kW hp PS|order=out|abbr=on|0)) ((convert|1600|Nm|lbft|abbr=on|0)) – 2022 [[Bugatti Chiron#Chiron Super Sport (2021)|Bugatti Chiron Super Sport]]

===[[Torque]]===

====Highest torque by engine type====
[[File:Rimac Nevera in Bridgehampton, front right.jpg|thumb|Rimac Nevera]]
*[[Forced induction]] [[petrol engine]] – ((convert|1818|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 2020 [[SSC Tuatara]], ((convert|5900|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a37101351/ssc-tuatara-did-not-break-production-car-speed-record/|title = SSC Finally Admits 1750-HP Tuatara Did Not Break 300 MPH|date = 22 July 2021))</ref>
*[[Naturally aspirated]] [[petrol engine]] – ((convert|813|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 2013-2017 [[Dodge Viper#Third generation (VX, 2013–2017)|Dodge Viper]], ((convert|8390|cc|1|abbr=on)) [[V10 engine|V10]]
*[[Forced induction]] [[diesel engine]] – ((convert|1200|lbft|0|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip)) – 2022 (2023 MY) [[Ford Super Duty]], ((convert|6653|cc|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) [[V8]]<ref name="Car Profile">((cite web |url= https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2023-ford-super-duty-takes-the-heavy-duty-laurels-for-towing-payload-power-202277.html | title=2023 Ford Super Duty | date=October 2022 ))</ref>
*[[Naturally aspirated]] [[diesel engine]] – ((convert|488|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 1988–94 [[Ford F-Series|Ford F-250/350]] IDI diesel, ((convert|7276|cc|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]]
*[[Electric motor]] – ((convert|2360|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 2021 [[Rimac Nevera]]
*[[Hybrid vehicle drivetrain|Hybrid engine]] – ((Convert|3500|Nm|lbfft|lk=on|abbr=on)) – [[Koenigsegg Gemera]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.koenigsegg.com/gemera/technical-specifications/ |title=Technical specifications |publisher=Koenigsegg |access-date=2020-03-09))</ref>

====Highest torque by body style====
*Car – ((convert|3500|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 2020 [[Koenigsegg Gemera]], [[Hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid]] [[inline-three engine|3-cylinder]] + 4 [[electric motor]]s,
*Pickup truck – ((convert|1200|lbft|0|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip)) – 2022 (2023 MY) [[Ford Super Duty]], ((convert|6653|cc|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) [[V8]]<ref name="Car Profile">((cite web |url= https://www.autoevolution.com/news/2023-ford-super-duty-takes-the-heavy-duty-laurels-for-towing-payload-power-202277.html | title=2023 Ford Super Duty | date=October 2022 ))</ref>
*SUV – ((convert|1000|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – [[Audi Q7]] V12 TDI, ((convert|6000|cc|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) [[V12 engine|V12]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2009-audi-q7-v12-tdi-diesel-review|title=2009 Audi Q7 V12 TDI Diesel|work=Car & Driver|date=15 October 2020))</ref>
*Van – ((convert|712|Nm|0|abbr=on|lk=on)) – 2014 [[Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express and GMC Savana]], ((convert|6599|cc|1|abbr=on|lk=on)) [[V8 engine|V8]] [[diesel engine|diesel]]

====Highest specific torque (torque/unit displacement)====
The [[mean effective pressure]] (MEP) is a useful comparison tool, giving the average cylinder pressure exerted on the piston.
*Petrol engine ([[naturally aspirated]]) – MEP ((convert|16.7|bar|MPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|132.6|Nm|0|abbr=on)) per litre – 2019 [[BAC Mono#BAC Mono R|BAC Mono R]] ((convert|330|Nm|0|abbr=on))
*Petrol engine ([[forced-induction]]) – MEP ((convert|35.1|bar|MPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|279.3|Nm|0|abbr=on)) per litre – 2014 [[Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X]] FQ440 MR ((convert|558.6|Nm|0|abbr=on))
*Petrol engine ([[naturally aspirated]] [[pistonless rotary engine]]) – MEP ((convert|21.5|bar|MPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|170.8|Nm|1|abbr=on)) per litre – 2005 [[Mazda RX-8]] ((convert|222|Nm|0|abbr=on))
*Petrol engine ([[forced-induction]] [[pistonless rotary engine]]) – MEP ((convert|30.3|bar|MPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|241.38|Nm|1|abbr=on)) per litre – [[Mazda RX-7]] turbo ((convert|313.8|Nm|0|abbr=on))
*Diesel engine ([[naturally aspirated]]) – MEP ((convert|9.03|bar|kPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|71.88|Nm|0|abbr=on)) per litre – 1999 [[Y11 series|Nissan AD Van (Y11)]] ((convert|157|Nm|abbr=on)) 2.184&nbsp;L [[Nissan YD engine#Engine reference|Nissan YD]]
*Diesel engine ([[forced-induction]]) – MEP ((convert|((#expr:550/1.992*pi/25round1))|bar|MPa|disp=flip|abbr=on)), ((convert|((#expr:550/1.992round0))|Nm|0|abbr=on)) per litre – 2021 [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W206)|Mercedes-Benz C300d]] ((convert|550|Nm|0|abbr=on)) 1.992&nbsp;L [[Mercedes-Benz OM654 engine|OM654 D 20 R SCR]]

==Fuel economy==
((globalize|date=July 2012))

===Most economical===
[[File:20161015 Hyundai Ioniq Electric 1.jpg|thumb|Hyundai Ioniq Electric]]

The following are all vehicles once certified for sale in the United States. Some vehicles from other countries have better fuel economy. Figures (showed in miles per [[US gallon]] units) are based on laboratory estimates, not consumer data.

*All-diesel production vehicle – 1984 [[Nissan Sentra#B11|Nissan Sentra]] with 41 combined / 37 city / 46 highway.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/PowerSearch.do?action=PowerSearch&year1=1984&year2=2019&minmsrpsel=0&maxmsrpsel=0&city=0&highway=0&combined=0&cbvtdiesel=Diesel&YearSel=1984-2019&MakeSel=&MarClassSel=&FuelTypeSel=&VehTypeSel=Diesel&TranySel=&DriveTypeSel=&CylindersSel=&MpgSel=000&sortBy=Comb&Units=&url=SearchServlet&opt=new&minmsrp=0&maxmsrp=0&minmpg=&maxmpg=&rowLimit=10 |title=Power Search Results|publisher=US Department of Energy |date=2019-02-04 |access-date=2019-02-04))</ref>
*All-petrol production vehicle – 1986 [[Chevrolet Sprint#Chevrolet Sprint|Chevrolet Sprint ER]] with 48 combined / 44 city / 53 highway<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/calculatorCompareSideBySidePopUp.jsp?column=1&id=1730 |title=Highest Fuel Economy rated at new 2008 EPA MPG rules |publisher=Epa.gov |date=2012-08-15 |access-date=2012-08-15))</ref>
*All natural gas production vehicle – 2012 [[Honda Civic GX]] with 31 combined / 27 city / 38 highway<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/Find.do?action=sbs&id=32336 |title=Highest Fuel Economy rated at new 2008 EPA MPG rules |publisher=Epa.gov |date=2012-09-13 |access-date=2012-09-13))</ref>
*[[E85]] production vehicle – 2013 [[Ford Focus (third generation)|Ford Focus SFE FWD FFV]] with 22 combined / 19 city / 27 highway<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/comparempg.shtml#id=32922 |title=Compare Old and New Fuel Economy Estimates |publisher=Epa.gov |date=2017 |access-date=2021-03-27))</ref>
*Production electric hybrid – 2021 [[Hyundai Ioniq Hybrid]] (Ioniq Blue) with 59 combined / 58 city / 60 highway<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/topten.jsp?year=2021&action=ExEvsPhevs |title=Top Fuel Sippers (EPA Ratings, 2021 Model Year) – Exclude EVs and PHEVs |publisher=fueleconomy.gov |date=2021-03-25 |access-date=2021-03-27))</ref>
*Production plug-in electric hybrid – 2017/2023 [[Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (XW50)|Toyota Prius Prime]] with 133 combined [[MPGe]] (EV mode) and 54 MPG combined city/highway (petrol)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/PowerSearch.do?action=noform&path=1&year1=2011&year2=2024&vtype=Plug-in+Hybrid |title=Compare Plug-in Hybrids Side-by-Side – Years: 2011–2024 Vehicle Type: Plug-in Hybrid |publisher=fueleconomy.gov |date=2024-01-22 |access-date=2024-02-01))</ref>
*Production all-electric vehicle – 2021 [[Tesla Model 3]] Standard Range Plus RWD with 142 combined / 150 city / 133 highway MPGe<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/extremeMPG.jsp |title=Most Efficient EPA-Certified Vehicles |publisher=fueleconomy.gov |date=2021-06-25 |access-date=2021-06-30))</ref>

The following are as sold in Europe:

*[[Volkswagen XL1]], diesel-electric [[PHEV]], ((cvt|0.9|L/100 km|mpgimp mpgus)) on the [[New European Driving Cycle]]<ref>((cite news |last1=McAleer |first1=Michael |title=World's most fuel efficient production car takes to Dublin |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/motors/world-s-most-fuel-efficient-production-car-takes-to-dublin-1.1967516 |access-date=2019-02-16 |newspaper=The Irish Times |date=2014-10-17 |language=en))</ref>

==Fuel capacity==

All below amounts are total capacities for fuel tanks, (lithium based) batteries and other energy storage devices, not usable/net capacity.

*[[Diesel engine|Diesel]] [[Off-road vehicle|off-road]] [[van]] - [[Toyota Land Cruiser (J70)|Toyota Land Cruiser 70 series Troopcarrier]], 180 L<ref>((cite press release |url=https://www.toyota.com.au/-/media/toyota/main-site/vehicle-hubs/lc70/files/20230222_lc70_spec-sheet.pdf |title=LandCruiser 70 |publisher=Toyota |location=Australia |date=February 2023 |access-date=2023-08-04))</ref>
*[[Diesel engine|Diesel]] [[SUV]] - [[Toyota Land Cruiser Prado]], ((cvt|150|L|0))<ref>((Cite web |date=2020-10-27 |title=Cars with the longest and shortest driving range in Australia |url=https://afsdirect.com.au/how-far-can-you-go-cars-with-the-longest-and-shortest-driving-range-in-australia/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=Asset Finance Systems |language=en-AU))</ref><!-- Some people consider the Toyota Land Cruiser Troopcarrier to be an (off-road) van -->
*[[Truck classification#"Ton" rating|Half-ton pickup truck]] - [[Toyota Tundra]], ((cvt|38|USgal|L|0|order=flip))<ref>((Cite web |last=Lemieux |first=Alex |date=2022-07-07 |title=Which Pickup Truck Has the Largest Fuel Tank? |url=https://www.motorbiscuit.com/which-pickup-truck-has-the-largest-fuel-tank/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=MotorBiscuit |language=en-US))</ref>
*[[Battery electric vehicle|EV]] - [[GMC Hummer EV]] Edition 1, 246.8 kWh
*[[Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] - [[Li Auto L7]] or [[Li Auto L9|L9]], 44.5 kWh<ref>((Cite web |title=理想汽车 ((!)) 创造移动的家, 创造幸福的家 |url=https://www.lixiang.com/ |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=lixiang.com))</ref>
*Smallest EV - [[Smart fortwo]] coupe, 17.6 kWh<ref>((Cite web |title=Smart EQ fortwo coupe |url=https://ev-database.org/car/1230/Smart-EQ-fortwo-coupe |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=EV Database |language=en))</ref>
*Smallest [[Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] - [[BMW i3]], 9 L<ref>((Cite web |last=O'Dell |first=John |date=2016-08-15 |title=BMW i3 Range Boost: Up 40% for 2017 |url=https://thegreencarguy.com/bmw-i3-ev-gets-range-boost-2017/ |access-date=2023-08-01 |website=The Green Car Guy |language=en-US))</ref>

==Price==
((see also|List of most expensive cars sold at auction))
*Most expensive (production) – ((USD|3260000)) – [[Bugatti Chiron]] Sport<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/bugatti-chiron-sport-supercar-price-pictures-details-2018-3|title=Bugatti just revealed a $3.3 million Chiron – and it's the ultimate hypercar|work=Business Insider|access-date=2018-05-21))</ref>
* Least expensive (production) – ((USD|125|1922)) official general inflation – 1922 [[Smith Flyer|Briggs & Stratton Flyer]]
* Most expensive (auction) – ((USD|143,000,000)) 1957 [[Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR#Uhlenhaut Coupé|Uhlenhaut Coupé]]<ref>((Cite news |first=Peter |last=Valdes-Dapena |title=Mercedes just sold the world's most expensive car for $142 million |publisher=CNN |date=19 May 2022 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/19/business/mercedes-worlds-most-expensive-car/index.html |access-date=2022-05-19))</ref><ref>((cite news |first=Jonathan |last=Lee |title=1955 Mercedes-Benz 300SLR Uhlenhaut Coupé most expensive car sold – one of only 2, priced at RM627mil |work=Paultan.org |publisher=Driven Communications Sdn Bhd. |date=2022-05-23 |url=https://paultan.org/2022/05/23/1955-mercedes-benz-300slr-uhlenhaut-coupe-most-expensive-car-sold-one-of-only-2-priced-at-rm627mil/))</ref>
*Most expensive (private sale) – ((USD|70,000,000)) (((GBP|52,000,000)) at June 2018 exchange rates) 1963 [[Ferrari 250 GTO]] (2018)<ref name="FoxNews.com">((cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/auto/2018/06/01/classic-1963-ferrari-250-gto-sold-for-record-70-million |title=Classic 1963 Ferrari 250 GTO sold for record $70 million |work=Fox News |date=2018-06-01))</ref>
*Most expensive (concept car) – ((USD|8,000,000)) 2005 [[Maybach Exelero]]

==Performance==
((See also|Fastest production car|List of fastest production cars by acceleration))

===Acceleration===
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|60|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on|order=flip)) with 1 foot rollout – 1.74 seconds – [[Rimac Nevera]]<ref name="RMR"/>
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|100|km/h|0|abbr=on)) with 1 foot rollout – 1.81 seconds – [[Rimac Nevera]]<ref name="RMR"/>
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|161|km/h|0|abbr=on)) with 1 foot rollout – 3.21 seconds – [[Rimac Nevera]]<ref name="RMR">((Cite web |last=Holderith |first=Peter |date=17 May 2023 |title=The Rimac Nevera Just Shattered Pretty Much Every Acceleration Record |url=https://www.thedrive.com/news/the-rimac-nevera-just-shattered-pretty-much-every-acceleration-record |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=thedrive.com |publisher=The Drive))</ref>
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|200|km/h|0|abbr=on)) with 1 foot rollout – 4.42 seconds – [[Rimac Nevera]]<ref name="RMR"/>
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|300|km/h|0|abbr=on)) with 1 foot rollout – 9.22 seconds – [[Rimac Nevera]]<ref name="RMR"/>
*Quickest ((convert|0|to|400|km/h|0|abbr=on)) with 1 foot rollout – 20.68 seconds – [[Koenigsegg Regera]] (with non-standard Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 R tyres)<ref>((Cite web |title=Koenigsegg Regera Beats Rimac Nevera With New 0-249-0 MPH Record |url=https://www.motor1.com/news/672402/koenigsegg-regera-0-249-0-mph-record/))</ref>

===Top speed===
*Highest top speed ([[forced induction]] [[petrol engine]]) – [[Bugatti Chiron Super Sport 300+]] – ((convert|304.77|mph|abbr=on|order=flip|km/h))<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.bugatti.com/models/chiron-models/chiron-super-sport-300/|title=Bugatti Chiron Super Sport 300+|website=Bugatti))</ref>
*Highest top speed ([[naturally aspirated engine]]) – [[McLaren F1]] – ((convert|355-386|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on))
*Highest top speed ([[forced induction]] [[diesel engine]]) – [[Alpina|BMW Alpina]] D5 S – ((convert|286|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on))<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.evo.co.uk/news/19951/new-alpina-d5-s-revealed-in-saloon-and-estate-forms-in-frankfurt|title=New Alpina D5 S revealed in saloon and estate forms in Frankfurt|work=Evo|access-date=2017-11-23|language=en))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/wirtschaft/verkehr-alpina-d5-s-der-schnellste-seriendiesel-der-welt-dpa.urn-newsml-dpa-com-20090101-170912-99-20181|title=Alpina D5 S: Der schnellste Seriendiesel der Welt|language=DE |work=Süddeutsche Zeitung |date=12 September 2017))</ref>
*Highest top speed ([[Electric motor|electric]] [[production vehicle]]) – [[Rimac Nevera]] – ((convert|258|mph|abbr=on|order=flip|km/h))<ref>((cite web|last=Dhimaan|first=Sid|date=13 January 2021|title=Fastest Electric Cars in the World|url=https://www.topspeed.com/cars/fastest-electric-cars-in-the-world-ar193886.amp.html))</ref>
*Highest top speed ([[unibody]] [[SUV]]) – [[Aston Martin DBX707]] – ((convert|193|mph|abbr=on|order=flip|km/h))<ref>((Cite web |title=20 Fastest SUVs In The World For 2023: Best 0-60 And Top Speed |url=https://www.motor1.com/features/449362/fastest-suvs-in-world/ |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=Motor1.com |language=en))</ref>
*Highest top speed ([[production vehicle|production]] [[Truck classification#"Ton" rating|half-ton pickup truck]]) – [[Dodge Ram SRT-10]] – ((convert|154.587|mph|abbr=on|order=flip|km/h))<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/02-02-2004/0002101094&EDATE=|publisher=DaimlerChrysler|title=World's Fastest Production Pick-Up Truck|access-date=2004-02-02|archive-date=2007-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070319070946/http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=%2Fwww%2Fstory%2F02-02-2004%2F0002101094&EDATE=|url-status=dead))</ref>
*Highest top speed (current [[production vehicle|production]] [[Truck classification#"Ton" rating|half-ton pickup truck]]) – [[Ram 1500 TRX]] – ((convert|118|mph|abbr=on|order=flip|km/h))<ref>((Cite web |title=Fastest Pickup Trucks In The World For 2023 |url=https://www.motor1.com/features/451551/fastest-pickup-trucks/ |access-date=2023-10-10 |website=Motor1.com |language=en))</ref>

===Highest rpm redline===
*[[Internal combustion engine|Internal combustion]] [[piston engine|piston-engined production car]] – [[Gordon Murray T.50]] – 12,100 rpm<ref name="caranddriver-post">((cite web|url=https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a33501563/gordon-murray-t50-revealed/|title=McLaren F1—Inspired Gordon Murray T.50 Revs to 12,100 RPM, Weighs Only 2174 Pounds|last=Duff|first=Mike|website=CarAndDriver.com|language=en|access-date=2020-08-21))</ref>
*[[Internal combustion engine|Internal combustion]] [[Wankel engine|Wankel]] [[pistonless rotary engine|rotary-engined production car]] – [[Mazda RX-8]] – 9,000 rpm 
*[[Electric car|Electric production vehicle]] – [[Zeekr 001|Zeekr 001 FR]] – 20,620 rpm<ref>((Cite web |last=Gabriel |first=Threza |date=2023-09-02 |title=Zeekr 001 FR model released: four motors zero hundred 2.07s |url=https://www.techgoing.com/zeekr-001-fr-model-released-four-motors-zero-hundred-2-07s/ |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=TechGoing |language=en-US))</ref>

==Sales==
((See also|List of bestselling vehicle nameplates|List of automobile sales by model))

;Best-selling models:
[[File:2013-2016 Toyota Corolla (ZRE172R) SX sedan (2018-09-17) 01.jpg|thumb|Toyota Corolla]]

* Best-selling vehicle nameplate – [[Toyota Corolla]] ''(more than 50,000,000 sold in 12 generations since 1966)''<ref name=50million>((cite web |url=https://toyotatimes.jp/en/insidetoyota/164.html |title=A Quick Look Back on the Corolla's 55-Year History with Over 50 Million Customers |publisher=Toyota Times |date=2021-08-13 |access-date=2021-08-13))</ref>
* Best-selling single model – [[Volkswagen Beetle]] ''(21,529,464 of the same basic design sold worldwide between 1938 and 2003)''
* Best single-year sales – 1.36 million – 2005 [[Toyota Corolla]]<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2006-09-05/happy-birthday-corolla |title=Happy Birthday, Corolla! The world's best-selling nameplate turns 40 |publisher=Bloomberg News |date=2006-09-06 |access-date=2016-07-31))</ref>
* Best single-month sales – 126,905 – July 2005 [[Ford F-Series]]<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ford-trucks.com/news/idx/12/264/2005/article/FORD_FSERIES_SETS_NEW_MONTHLY_SALES_RECORD_.html |title=Ford F-Series Sets New Monthly Sales Record .: News |date=2 August 2005 |publisher=Ford-trucks.com |access-date=2009-10-31))</ref>

==Firsts==
Mostly full-production vehicles are listed here. Many were preceded by racing-only cars. This list mainly includes developments that led to widespread adoption across the automotive industry.

===Industry===
*First Self-Propelled Automobile - 1770 [[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]]'s "Fardier à vapeur"
*First fully functioning automobile – 1885 [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]]
*First production automobile – 1888 [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]]
*First automotive proving ground – 1915 [[Dodge Brothers]] Test Track, [[Dodge Main|Hamtramck, Michigan]]
*First auto company technical institute – 1919 [[General Motors Institute]] (now [[Kettering University]])

===Engine types===
*[[Straight engine]]s
**First production [[straight-twin engine]] – 1895 [[Panhard|Panhard et Levassor]] and 1898 [[Decauville automobile|Decauville Voiturelle]] 
**First production [[straight-three engine]] – 1953 [[DKW 3=6|DKW F91]] and 1956 [[Saab 93]]
**First production [[straight-four engine]] – 1908 [[Ford Model T]]
**First production [[Straight-five engine]] – 1974 [[Mercedes-Benz W114/W115|Mercedes-Benz W115 300D]]
**First [[straight-six engine]] – 1903 [[D. Napier & Son|Napier]] ((Citation needed|date=May 2018))
**First production [[straight-eight engine]] – 1918 [[Isotta Fraschini]]<ref name=isotta />
*[[V engine]]s
**First production [[V-twin engine|V2 engine]] – 1889 [[Daimler Stahlradwagen|Daimler steel-wheel car]]
**First production [[V4 engine]] – 1922 [[Lancia Lambda]]
**First production [[V6 engine]] – 1911 [[Delahaye]] Type 44<ref>Hull, Peter. "Delahaye: Famous on Road and Race Track", in Ward, Ian, executive editor. ''World of Automobiles'' (London: Orbis, 1974), Volume 5, p.523.</ref>
**First [[V8 engine]] – 1904 [[Marmon Motor Car Company|Marmon]]
**First production [[V8 engine]] – 1910 [[De Dion-Bouton]] CJ<ref>Wise, David Burgess, "De Dion: The Aristocrat and the Toymaker", in Ward, Ian, executive editor. ''The World of Automobiles'' (London: Orbis Publishing, 1974), Volume 5, p.514</ref>
**First [[V10 engine]] – 1987 [[Lamborghini P140]]
**First production [[V10 engine]] – 1991 [[Dodge Viper#First generation (SR I; 1991–1995)|Dodge Viper]]
**First production [[V12 engine]] – 1915 [[Packard#1906–1930|Packard Twin-Six]],<ref>((cite web |title=1915 Packard Twin Six |url=https://larzanderson.org/history/the-collection/1915-packard-twin-six/ |website=larzanderson.org |access-date=21 February 2020))</ref><ref>((cite web |title=Counting to Twelve: The Packard Twelve and Twin Six |url=https://ateupwithmotor.com/model-histories/packard-twelve-twin-six-history/ |website=ateupwithmotor.com |access-date=21 February 2020 |date=26 June 2010))</ref> the 1915 [[National Motor Vehicle Company|''National'' V12 engine]],<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/v-12-power|title=V-12 Power - Hemmings|access-date=11 December 2022))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.xr793.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/1916-National-Highway-Twelve-Folder.pdf|title=1916-National-Highway-Twelve-Folder.pdf|access-date=11 December 2022))</ref> and the 1917 [[Weidely Motors Company|Weidely Pathfinder]]<ref>((cite web |title=The Great Pathfinder – "King of the Twelves" |url=http://theoldmotor.com/?p=106867 |website=theoldmotor.com |access-date=21 February 2020))</ref> 
**First [[V16 engine]] – 1929 [[Maserati Tipo V4]]<ref>((cite web|title=Tipo V4|url=http://www.maserati.com/maserati/en/en/index/about-us/heritage/sportcars/tipo-v4.html|website=maserati.com|access-date=2016-01-11))</ref>
**First production [[V16 engine]] – 1930 [[Cadillac V-16]]
*[[Flat engine]]s
**First production [[flat-twin engine]] – 1900 [[Lanchester 8 hp Phaeton]]
**First [[flat-four engine]] – 1900 Benz 20&nbsp;hp racing car
**First production [[flat-four engine]] – 1901 [[Wilson-Pilcher]]
**First [[flat-six engine]] – 1904 [[Wilson-Pilcher]]
**First production [[flat-six engine]] – 1948 [[Tucker 48]]
**First [[flat-eight engine]] – 1962 [[Porsche 804]] [[Formula One car]]
**First [[flat-twelve engine]] – 1964 [[Honda RA271]] [[Formula One car]]
**First production [[flat-twelve engine]] – 1973 – [[Ferrari 365 GT4 BB]]
*[[W engine]]s
** First production [[W engine]] – 2001 Volkswagen Passat W8 ((Citation needed|date=September 2018))
**First production [[W12 engine]] – 2001 [[Audi A8 W12]]
**First production [[W16 engine]] – 2005 – [[Bugatti Veyron]]

===Engine technologies===
;[[Engine configuration]] & other miscellaneous fundamental construction details
*First engine with removable cylinder head – 1889 [[Enrico Bernardi|Bernardi]]<ref name=bernardi>((cite web|title=Bernardi mod 3,5 HP|url=http://www.museoauto.it/website/en/component/content/article/51-bernardi/71-bernardi-mod-35-hp|work=museoauto.it|access-date=2015-07-09))</ref><ref name="bernardi1" />
*First [[Stroke ratio#Square engine|square]] engine – 1900 [[Georges Richard]] 3 1/2HP<ref>((cite web|title=GEORGES RICHARD mod. 3 e 1/2HP |url=http://www.museoauto.it/website/en/museo/open-garage/113-georges-richard/170-georges-richard-mod-3-e-12hp|work=museoauto.it|access-date=2015-07-09))</ref>
*First [[variable displacement]] engine – 1905 Sturtevant 38/45 six((Citation needed|date=February 2012))
*First counterbalanced [[crankshaft]] – 1908 [[Mercer (car)|Mercer]] Type 35
*First aluminum [[engine block]] – 1922 [[Lancia Lambda]]
*First [[V engine|split-plane]] [[crankshaft]] – 1922 (for the 1923 model year) [[Cadillac V8 engine]]
*First [[crankcase ventilation system]] – 1925 (for the 1926 model year) [[Cadillac V8 engine]]
*First aluminum [[cylinder head]] – 1928 [[Fiat]]<ref>((cite web|title=1920/1930|url=http://www.fcagroup.com/en-US/group/history/Pages/default.aspx|work=fcagroup.com|access-date=2015-07-09))</ref>
*First [[diesel engine]]d production car – 1935 [[Citroen Rosalie]]
*First [[gas turbine]] car – 1950 [[Rover Company|Rover]]
*First functional [[Fuel cell vehicle|fuel-cell electric vehicle (FCEV)]] – 1966 [[General Motors|GM]]/[[Chevrolet]] Electrovan<ref>((Cite web|url=https://interplex.com/resources/the-first-hydrogen-fuel-cell-vehicle-was-created-in-1966/|title=The First Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle was Created in 1966))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://media.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/home.detail.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2016/oct/1005-hydrogen.html|title=GM Hydrogen Fuel Cells Mark 50 Years of Development|date=5 October 2016))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.gmheritagecenter.com/featured/Fuel_Cell_Vehicles.html|title = GM Heritage Center Collection &#124; GM Fuel Cell Vehicles))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.motortrend.com/news/1966-gm-electrovan-fuel-cell-prototype-turns-50/|title = 1966 GM Electrovan Fuel Cell Prototype Turns 50|date = November 2016))</ref>
*First production [[Fuel cell vehicle|fuel-cell electric vehicle (FCEV)]] – 2001 [[Hyundai Santa Fe#2001|Hyundai Santa Fe FCEV]]<ref>https://www.hyundainews.com/en-us/releases/1008 ((Bare URL inline|date=August 2022))</ref> and 2002 [[Honda FCX#2002 FCX|Honda FCX]]
*First [[Miller cycle]] engine – 1996 [[Mazda Millenia]]
*First [[Atkinson cycle]] engine – 1997 [[Toyota Prius]]
*First [[Hydrogen vehicle]] – 2005 [[BMW Hydrogen 7]] (Germany)

;[[Wankel engine]]s
:*First [[Wankel engine]] – 1964 [[NSU Spider]]
:*First front-wheel-drive car with Wankel engine – 1966 [[NSU Ro 80]]
:*First 2-rotor Wankel engine – 1966 [[NSU Ro 80]]
:*First 3-rotor Wankel engine – 1969 [[Mercedes C111]]
:*First 4-rotor Wankel engine – 1970 [[Mercedes C111]]
:*First [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] Wankel engine – 1982 [[Mazda Luce]] and [[Mazda Cosmo|Cosmo]]

;[[Valvetrain]]
*First [[overhead valve]] (OHV) engine – 1889 [[Enrico Bernardi|Bernardi]]<ref name=bernardi /><ref name="bernardi1" />
*First [[overhead camshaft]] (OHC) engine – 1903 [[Marr (automobile)|Marr Auto Car]]<ref name="Marr Auto Car Company">((cite web |url=http://www.marrautocar.com/Marr_Auto_Car_Company/Welcome.html |title=Marr Auto Car Company – Welcome |access-date=2014-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208183220/http://marrautocar.com/Marr_Auto_Car_Company/Welcome.html |archive-date=2014-02-08 |url-status=dead))</ref>
*First [[sleeve valve]] – 1909 [[Daimler Company|Daimler]] (developed functional system from 1903 [[Knight Engine]] design)<ref name="Georgano, p.43">Georgano, p.43.</ref>
*First [[double overhead camshaft]] (DOHC) engine – 1913 [[Peugeot#Early|Peugeot]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://revsinstitute.org/the-collection/1913-peugeot/|title=The Revs Institute ((!)) 1913 Peugeot|website=revsinstitute.org|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-06))</ref>

;[[Multi-valve]] engines
:*First limited production 3-valve engine – 1912 [[Bugatti Type 18]]
:*First limited production 4-valve engine – 1913 [[Peugeot]] [[Grand Prix motor racing|Grand Prix]]
:*First limited production 5-valve engine – 1921 [[Peugeot]] [[Grand Prix motor racing|Grand Prix]]
:*First production 3-valve engine – 1924 [[Bugatti Type 35]]
:*First production 4-valve engine – 1971 Ford Escort Mk1 RS1600
:*First [[multi-valve]] [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] engine – 1981 [[Maserati Biturbo]] (''AM452'')
:*First 6-valve engine – 1985 [[Maserati Biturbo]] 2.0 L V6 36v 261 hp (prototype)<ref>((cite web|title=The 6:36 'Hi-Tech' Engine|url=http://www.maserati-alfieri.co.uk/alfieri26.htm|work=maserati-alfieri.co.uk|access-date=2012-10-14))</ref>
:*First production 5-valve engine – 1989 [[Mitsubishi Dangan|Mitsubishi Dangan ZZ]]
:*First 3-valve [[diesel engine]] – 1989 [[Citroën XM]]
:*First 4-valve diesel engine – 1993 [[Mercedes-Benz C-Class]] (''OM604 engine'')

;[[Variable valve timing]] (VVT)
:*First [[Variable valve timing|Variable Valve Timing (VVT)]] engine – 1980 [[Alfa Romeo Spider]] 2.0&nbsp;L<ref name="alfaspiderfaq.org">((cite web|url=http://alfaspiderfaq.org/spdrfaq_v3.pdf|title=Alfa Romeo Spider FAQ|access-date=2010-08-17|work=alfaspiderfaq.org))</ref>
:*First electronic VVT – 1983 [[Alfa Romeo Spider]] (All models)<ref>((cite book |last=Rees |first=Chris |title=Original Alfa Romeo Spider |year=2001 |url=https://archive.org/details/originalalfaspid00chri/page/102 |publisher=MBI Publishing 2001 |page=[https://archive.org/details/originalalfaspid00chri/page/102 102] |isbn=0-7603-1162-5 ))</ref>
:*First cam-switching VVT – 1989 [[Honda Integra|Honda Integra RSi/XSi]] ''[[Honda Engines (B-series)#JDM B16A (First Generation)|B16A]]'' [[VTEC]] 1.6 L DOHC [[straight-4 engine|I4]]
:*First VVT passenger car [[diesel engine]] – 2010 [[Mitsubishi ASX]] ''[[Mitsubishi 4N1 engine|4N13]]'' 1.8&nbsp;L DOHC [[straight-4 engine|I4]]

====[[Internal combustion engine cooling]]====
* First [[Water-cooled engine|water-cooled automobile engine]] – 1901 [[Mercedes 35 hp]]
* First [[Air-cooled engine|air-cooled automobile engine]] – 1902 [[Franklin (automobile)|Franklin]]
* First production [[Air-cooled engine|air-cooled]] [[V8 engine]] – 1934 [[Tatra 77]]
;Aspiration
*First [[supercharger|supercharged]] car – 1921 [[Mercedes (car)|Mercedes]] 6/25/40&nbsp;hp
*First twin-supercharged car – 1935 [[Alfa Romeo 8C#8C 2900|Alfa Romeo 8C 2900]]
*First [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] car – 1961 (for the 1962 model year) [[Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile F-85]] (''[[Oldsmobile V8 engine#Turbo Jetfire|Turbo Jetfire]]'')
*First application of a [[wastegate]] to regulate a [[turbocharger]]'s boost – 1961 (for the 1962 model year) [[Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile F-85]] (''[[Oldsmobile V8 engine#Turbo Jetfire|Turbo Jetfire]]'')<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.442.com/oldsfaq/ofjet.htm|title=Olds FAQ – Jetfire|access-date=2014-10-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214060418/http://www.442.com/oldsfaq/ofjet.htm|archive-date=2012-02-14|url-status=dead))</ref>
*First [[twincharged]] car – 1985 [[Lancia Delta S4]] Stradale
*First [[variable-geometry turbocharger]] – 1988 [[Honda Legend#"Wing Turbo" version|Honda Legend Wing Turbo]]<ref>((cite web|url=http://dwolsten.tripod.com/articles/jan89a.html |title=AE: Honda revives turbo |publisher=Dwolsten.tripod.com |access-date=2013-08-09))</ref>
*First [[variable-geometry turbocharger]] (diesel) – 1991 [[Fiat Croma]]<ref name="honeywell.com">((cite web|url=http://turbo.honeywell.com/why-choose-honeywell/turbo-pioneer/|title=Turbo Pioneer|access-date=2014-01-22|work=honeywell.com))</ref>
*First [[twin-turbo]]charged car – 1981 [[Maserati Biturbo]]
*First triple-turbocharged car – 2012 [[BMW F10#M550d xDrive (2012-)|BMW M550d xDrive]]
*First quad-[[turbocharged]] car – 1991 [[Bugatti EB110]]

;Fuel systems
*First [[carburetor]] – 1889 [[Enrico Bernardi|Bernardi]]<ref name="bernardi1" />
*First [[carburetor]] air filter – 1889 [[Enrico Bernardi|Bernardi]]<ref name="bernardi1">((cite web|title=History of Automobiles and Early Transmissions|url=http://web.ncf.ca/fm120/History/Cars/History_of_Automobiles_and_Early_Transmissions.htm |website=National Capital Freenet |location=Canada |access-date=2016-10-10 |quote=In 1889, Bernardi started building larger engines. One engine built in 1889 had the following innovations: 1) detachable head, 2) overhead valves actuated by a camshaft and rockers, 3) centrifugal governor on the inlet valve, 4) a constant level carburettor with a float and hand control, 5) filters for air and gas, 6) automatic lubrication of moving parts, 7) cooling by water circulation, 8) a tubular radiator, 9) a silencer, and 10) roller bearings for the transmission and wheel hubs.))</ref>
*First automatic [[Choke valve|choke]] – 1931 (for the 1932 model year) [[Oldsmobile]]
*First four-barrel [[carburetor]] – 1940 (for the 1941 model year) [[Buick]] (''Compound Carburetion'')

;[[Fuel injection]] (FI)
:*First FI engine – 1910 [[Adams-Farwell]] [[diesel engine|Diesel]]
:*First non-[[diesel engine|diesel]] FI engine – 1952 [[Goliath GP700]] and [[Gutbrod]]
:*First [[gasoline direct injection]] engine – 1952 [[Goliath GP700]] and [[Gutbrod]]
:*First [[Electronic fuel injection#Electronic|Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)]] – 1957 [[Rambler Rebel]] (prototypes)<ref name="allpar.com">((cite web|title=1958 DeSoto Electrojector – World's First Electronic Fuel Injection|url=http://www.allpar.com/cars/desoto/electrojector.html|website=allpar.com|access-date=2014-08-28))</ref>
:*First limited production [[Electronic fuel injection#Electronic|EFI]] – 1957 (for the 1958 model year) [[Chrysler 300 letter series#1959 300D|Chrysler 300D]], [[DeSoto Adventurer]], [[1958 Dodge#D-500|Dodge D-500]] and [[Plymouth Fury]]<ref name=allpar.com />
:*First full mass-production EFI – 1968 [[Jetronic#D-Jetronic (1967–1979)|D-Jetronic]] on [[Volkswagen Type 3]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.hemmings.com/blog/article/volkswagen-type-3-flat-four/ |title=Volkswagen Type 3 Flat-Four |first=Mark J. |last=McCourt |work=Hemmings Daily |date=July 2011 |access-date=2019-04-14))</ref> and [[Volkswagen Type 4|Type 4]]
:*First [[Diesel engine#Direct injection|diesel direct injection]] engine – 1987 [[Fiat Croma]] Turbo D i.d.<ref name="fiat.com">((cite web|url=http://www.fiat.com/com/air-technologies|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130108154551/http://www.fiat.com/com/air-technologies|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-01-08|title=Air technologies – Heritage|access-date=2013-01-17|work=fiat.com))</ref>
:*First turbocharged [[Diesel engine#Direct injection|diesel direct injection]] engine – 1987 [[Fiat Croma]] Turbo D i.d.<ref name=fiat.com />
:*First electronic gasoline direct injection – 1996 [[Mitsubishi Galant]]/[[Mitsubishi Legnum|Legnum]] ''[[Mitsubishi 4G9 engine#4G93|4G93]]'' GDI [[inline-four engine|I4]]
:*First passenger car [[common rail]] diesel direct injection engine – 1997 [[Alfa Romeo 156]] JTD<ref name="autonews.com">((cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/files/07_ane_ptc/speakers.html|title=New Powertrain Technologies Conference|access-date=2008-04-08|work=autonews.com))</ref>
:*First turbocharged [[gasoline direct injection]] engine – 2000 Mitsubishi Pajero IO 4G93

;[[Ignition system]]s
*First contact breaker point ignition – 1910 [[Cadillac Model Thirty]] / [[Delco Electronics|Delco]]
*First optional electronic ignition – 1963 [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] / [[Delco Electronics|Delco]]
*First standard electronic ignition – 1968 [[Fiat Dino]] 2.0 / [[Dino (automobile)#Dino 206 GT|Dino 206 GT]] ([[Magneti Marelli]] Dinoplex)<ref>((cite web|title=Dinoplex Documentation, Wiring and Repair Guides|url=http://www.dinoplex.org/|access-date=2015-01-07))</ref>
*First distributor-less ignition – [[Citroën 2CV]] (???)

;General miscellany
*First [[California]] [[Ultra Low Emission Vehicle]] – M.Y. 1998 [[Honda Accord]]<ref name="CARB">((cite press release |url=https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/air-resources-board-approves-first-new-generation-clean-cars |title= Air Resources Board approves first of new generation of clean cars |publisher=California Air Resources Board |location=US |date=2012-12-26 |access-date=2019-02-16))</ref> 
*First California [[Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle]] – M.Y. 2000 [[Honda Accord]] [[straight-4 engine|I4]]<ref name="CARB" />
*First [[flex-fuel vehicle]] ([[bioethanol]] and [[gasoline]]) – 1908 [[Ford Model T]]((Citation needed|date=July 2015))

===Electric vehicles===
*First practical [[electric car]] – 1881 [[Gustave Trouvé]] electric vehicle<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.connexionfrance.com/Mag/French-Facts/Introducing-the-French-inventor-of-the-electric-car|title = Introducing the French inventor of the electric car))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.griffservices.co.uk/brief-history-electric-vehicle/|title=A brief history of the Electric Vehicle|date=October 2019))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://easyelectriclife.groupe.renault.com/en/outlook/lifestyle-en/the-history-of-the-first-electric-cars/|title = Renault, leader for electric vehicles in Europe - Renault Group))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.zf.com/mobile/en/stories_9473.html|title = A Short History of Electric Vehicles))</ref>
*First mass-produced [[electric car]] – 1995 [[Peugeot 106 Electrique|Peugeot 106 Electric]] / [[Citroën Saxo Electrique]]<ref>((cite web|last=Caradisiac.com|title=Stand Peugeot : les 106 et 107 Electric|url=https://www.caradisiac.com/Stand-Peugeot-les-106-et-107-Electric-54016.htm|access-date=2022-01-19|website=Caradisiac.com|date=13 October 2008 |language=fr))</ref>

===Hybrid vehicles===
*First [[Hybrid electric vehicle|gas-electric hybrid]] – 1899 [[Lohner–Porsche]] Mixte
*First modern [[Hybrid electric vehicle|hybrid car]] – 1904 [[Auto-Mixte]] (Belgium)<!-- same modern system used with regenerating energy from braking and that the petrol engine kicks in when some extra oomph is needed-->
*First mass-produced hybrid car – 1997 [[Toyota Prius]]
*First hybrid bus – 1997 [[Hino Motors|Hino]]
*First hybrid [[sport utility vehicle|SUV]] – 1997 [[Toyota RAV4 EV]]
*First [[all-wheel drive]] hybrid – 2003 (for the 2004 model year) [[Ford Escape Hybrid]]
*First hybrid [[luxury car]] – 2004 (for the 2005 Japanese model year) [[Lexus RX 400h]] (introduced January 2004)
*First mild hybrid [[pickup truck]] – 2004 (for the 2005 model year) [[Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid|Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid]]
*First full hybrid pickup truck – 2008 (for the 2009 model year) Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid
*First hybrid heavy truck – 2018 [[Sisu Polar]] Hybrid
*First 4-fuel hybrid – 2010 [[Monte Carlo Automobile Quadrifuel]] (powered with [[bio-ethanol]], [[hydromethane]], [[gasoline]] and [[Liquefied petroleum gas|LPG]])<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.olecars.com/monte-carlo-automobile-quadrifuel/ |title=Monte Carlo Automobile Quadrifuel |date=2011-11-09 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120525101002/http://www.olecars.com/monte-carlo-automobile-quadrifuel/ |archive-date=2012-05-25 ))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://montecarloautomobile.wordpress.com/ala-50-project/|title=ALA 50 Project|work=Monte Carlo Automobile|date=2 September 2010))</ref>

===Plug-in electric vehicles===
*First [[all-electric car]] with [[lithium-ion battery]] – 1998 [[Nissan Altra]]
*First series production plug-in hybrid – 1997 [[Audi Duo]]<ref>((cite web|last=Niepraschk|first=Michael|date=2015-01-20|title=Audi restauriert Elektroauto – Die Letzten werden die Ersten sein|url=https://www.auto.de/magazin/audi-restauriert-elektroauto-die-letzten-werden-die-ersten-sein/|access-date=2022-01-19|website=Magazin|language=de-DE))</ref>
*First series production all-electric car available in global markets – 2011 [[Nissan Leaf]]
*First series production [[plug-in hybrid]] car available in global markets – 2011 [[Chevrolet Volt]]/[[Opel Ampera]]
*First series production all-electric commercial van – 1989 [[Citroën C15|Citroën C15 Electrique]]
*First series production all-electric long range highway capable car – 2009 [[Tesla Roadster (2008)|Tesla Roadster]]
*First series production all-electric [[luxury car]] – 2012 [[Tesla Model S]]
*First series production plug-in [[SUV]] – 2013 [[Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV|Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV]]
*First series production all-electric SUV – 2016 [[Tesla Model X]]

===Body===
*First [[tricar]] – 1885 [[Benz Patent Motorwagen]]<ref>((cite web|url=http://star-motoring.com/news/story.asp?file=/2006/7/2/ms_features/14249260&sec=ms_features |title=History in its magnificence |first=Chris |last=Chong |publisher=star-motoring.com |date=2006-07-02 |access-date=2008-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024013740/http://star-motoring.com/news/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F7%2F2%2Fms_features%2F14249260&sec=ms_features |archive-date=2007-10-24 |url-status=dead))</ref>
*First motorized [[truck]] – October 1896 [[Daimler-Benz|Daimler]]
*First [[sedan (automobile)|sedan/saloon]] – 1900 [[Renault Voiturette]]
*First production [[station wagon]] (estate) – 1908 [[Ford Model T]]
*First production closed-body car – 1910 [[Cadillac Model Thirty]]
*First [[cyclecar]] – 1910 [[GN (car)|GN]]/1910 [[Bédélia]]<ref>Georgano, p.75.</ref>
*First [[automotive aerodynamics|aerodynamic]] design – 1914 [[A.L.F.A 40/60 HP|A.L.F.A. 40/60 HP Aerodinamica]]
*First production [[automotive aerodynamics|aerodynamic]] design – 1921 [[Rumpler Tropfenwagen]]
*First [[monocoque]] – 1922 [[Lancia Lambda]]
*First [[laminated glass|shatter-resistant windshield glass]] – 1925 (for the 1926 model year) [[Cadillac]]
*First [[minivan]] – 1932 [[Stout Scarab]]
*First all-[[aluminium]] body – 1933 [[Riley Nine|Riley Nine Kestrel]]
*First [[coupé convertible]] – 1934 [[Peugeot 401]] D Eclipse
*First [[pickup truck|Pickup]] / [[Utility vehicle]] (Ute) – 1934 [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] [[Coupé utility]]
*First [[Retractable hardtop|retractable hardtop roof]] – 1934 [[Carrosserie Pourtout|Pourtout]] [[Lancia Belna]] Eclipse (coachbuilt)<ref>((cite web |url=https://rmsothebys.com/en/auctions/pa15/paris/lots/r105-1934-lancia-belna-eclipse-by-pourtout/181559|title=1934 Lancia Belna Eclipse by Pourtout |access-date=9 June 2019))</ref>
*First production [[Retractable hardtop|retractable hardtop roof]] – 1957 [[Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner]]
*First flush mounted gas door – 1936 [[Cord Automobile#Cord Model 810/812|Cord 810]]
*First fully [[Boxed frame#Boxed|boxed frame]] – 1938 [[ERA R4D]] (racing car)
*First [[fiberglass]] body – 1946 [[Stout Scarab|Stout Scarab Experimental]] (also first [[monocoque]] fiberglass body)
*First safety [[windshield]] – 1947 (for the 1948 model year) [[1948 Tucker Sedan|Tucker]] (''popout safety glass'')
*First [[hardtop]] – 1948 (for the 1949 model year) [[Cadillac Coupe de Ville]], [[Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster Riviera]] and [[Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98 Holiday]]
*First production [[minivan]] – 1946 [[Chenard et Walcker]] CHV
*First limited production [[fiberglass]] body – 1951 (for the 1952 model year) [[Woodill Motors|Woodill Wildfire]]
*First production [[fiberglass]] body – 1952 (for the 1953 model year) [[Chevrolet Corvette]]
*First [[hatchback]] – 1953 [[Aston Martin DB2/4]]
*First body made of recycled material – 1954 [[Trabant| Trabant P70]]
*First 4-door [[hardtop]] – 1955 (middle of the model year) [[Buick Century|Buick Century Riviera]] and [[Buick Special|Special Riviera]] and [[Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98 Holiday]] and [[Oldsmobile 88|88 Holiday]]
*First [[hardtop]] [[station wagon]] – 1955 (for the 1956 model year) [[Rambler Six and V8]]
*First production [[fiberglass]] [[monocoque]] – 1956 [[Berkeley cars#Sports (SA322 and SE328)|Berkeley SA322]]
*First [[Mini MPV]] – 1956 [[Fiat 600#The Multipla (1956–1965)|Fiat 600 Multipla]]
*First [[fiberglass]] bodied [[convertible (car)|convertible]] – 1952 (for the 1953 model year) [[Chevrolet Corvette]]
*First [[fiberglass]] bodied 4-door [[sedan (automobile)|Sedan]] – 1970 [[Anadol A2]]
*First [[fiberglass]] bodied [[station wagon|Station wagon / Estate car]] – 1973 [[Anadol#Anadol SV–1600 (1973–1982)|Anadol SV-1600]]
*First factory [[clear-coat]] paint job – 1977 [[Lincoln Versailles]]<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/obscure-american-car-lincoln-versailles/|title=Obscure American Car: Lincoln Versailles – Roadshow|date=2013-09-15|work=Roadshow|access-date=2018-03-03|language=en))</ref>
*First active aerodynamics - 1984 [[Alfa Romeo 90]]
*First electric boot spoiler – 1986 [[Lancia Thema]] 8.32
*First all-aluminium space frame – 1990 [[Honda NSX]]
*First [[carbon fiber|carbon fibre]] [[monocoque]] – 1993 [[McLaren F1]]
*First stress-bearing engine acting like a structural member – 1995 [[Ferrari F50]]
*First [[Crossover (automobile)|Crossover]] – 1979 [[AMC Eagle]]
*First single-piece [[carbon fiber|carbon fibre]] [[monocoque]] – 2003 [[Invicta S1]]
*First fully [[Boxed frame#Boxed|boxed frame]] [[Pickup truck|Pickup]] – 1948 Land Rover Series 1

===[[transmission (mechanics)|Transmission]]===
**First [[Belt (mechanical)|belt-driven]] automobile – 1886 [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]]
**First [[Chain drive|chain-driven]] automobile – 1886 [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]] and 1897 [[Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft#Phoenix (1894)|Daimler Phoenix]]<ref name="media.daimler.com">((cite web | url=https://media.daimler.com/marsMediaSite/en/instance/ko/1908-Debut-of-a-Mercedes-with-propeller-shaft-drive.xhtml?oid=9914004#:~:text=The%20Daimler%20Phoenix%20of%201897,developed%20by%20Maybach%20and%20Daimler. | title=1908: Debut of a Mercedes with propeller shaft drive ))</ref>
**First [[Driveshaft|shaft-driven]] automobile – 1908 [[Mercedes Simplex|Mercedes Simplex 35 hp]]<ref name="media.daimler.com"/><ref>((cite web|url=https://mercedes-benz-publicarchive.com/marsClassic/en/instance/ko/Mercedes-35-hp-2240-hp-2250-hp-2850-hp-and-2860-hp-shaft-drive-cars-1908---1924.xhtml?oid=5990|title = Mercedes 35 hp, 22/40 hp, 22/50 hp, 28/50 hp and 28/60 hp shaft-drive cars, 1908 - 1924))</ref>
*[[Manual transmission]]s
**First [[Non-synchronous transmission|non-synchronous manual transmission]] (''sliding-mesh'' design) – 1891 [[Panhard#Early years|Panhard et Levassor]] 
**First [[Non-synchronous transmission|non-synchronous manual transmission]] (''constant-mesh'' design) – [[List of Cadillac vehicles#1920s|1928–1929 Cadillac]]
**First reverse gear – 1902 FIAT 8/16 HP
**First [[Synchromesh gearbox|synchronized transmission]] – 1924 [[Isotta Fraschini Tipo 8A|Isotta Fraschini 8A]]<ref name="1929 Isotta Fraschini 8A">((cite web|title=1929 Isotta Fraschini 8A|url=http://www.supercars.net/cars/3107.html|work=supercars.net|access-date=2012-12-22))</ref>
**First [[overdrive (mechanics)|overdrive]] – 1933 (for the 1934 model year) [[Chrysler Airflow]]
**First modern cone-synchromesh (on all forward gears) transmission – 1952 [[Porsche]] [[Porsche 356|356]]
**First 3-speed manual – 1894 [[Enrico Bernardi|Bernardi]] 3.5 HP<ref name=bernardi />
**First 4-speed manual – 1901 [[Ceirano GB & C|Ceirano]] 5 HP<ref>((cite web|title=CEIRANO mod. 5 HP|url=http://www.museoauto.it/website/en/component/content/article/56-ceirano/76-ceirano-mod-5-hp|work=museoauto.it|access-date=2015-07-09))</ref>
**First 5-speed manual – 1948 [[Lancia Ardea]] Mk3
**First 6-speed manual – 1967 [[Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale]]
**First 7-speed manual – 2011 [[Porsche 991|Porsche 911 (991)]]
**First 8-speed manual – 1931 [[Maybach Zeppelin|Maybach DS8]]<ref>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Extraordinary Automobiles, Giles Chapman 2009</ref>
**First [[Semi-automatic transmission|clutchless manual]] – 1912 [[Léon Bollée Automobiles|Bollée]] Type F Torpedo
**First production [[Semi-automatic transmission|clutchless manual]] – 1935 [[REO Motor Car Company|REO]] ''Self-Shifter'', 1937 [[Oldsmobile]] 4-speed ''Automatic Safety Transmission'', and 1938–1939 [[Buick Special]] 4-speed ''Self-shifter''. 
**First electronically controlled [[Semi-automatic transmission|clutchless manual]] – 1991 [[Ferrari Mondial#Mondial t|Ferrari Mondial T]] [[Valeo]]
**First [[Sequential manual transmission|sequential manual]] – 1946 [[Porsche]] [[Cisitalia Grand Prix|Type 360 Cisitalia]].<ref name="stevemckelvie">((cite web |url=https://stevemckelvie.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/cisitalia-build-story-by-martin-schroeder.pdf |title=Cisitalia 360 Grand Prix Car |website=stevemckelvie.files.wordpress.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227010337/https://stevemckelvie.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/cisitalia-build-story-by-martin-schroeder.pdf |archive-date= 27 February 2015 |access-date=17 July 2018))</ref>
**First [[Preselector gearbox|pre-selector gearbox]] – 1929 [[Armstrong Siddeley]] models, 1929 [[Maybach]] models, and 1930 [[Daimler Double-Six]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.hagerty.com/media/automotive-history/a-brief-history-of-missing-clutch-pedals-and-almost-automatics/|title = A brief history of missing clutch pedals and almost-automatics|date = 11 December 2020))</ref>
**First [[centrifugal clutch]] – 1936 [[Armstrong Siddeley]]<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.siddeley.com/info_17hp.html |title=Armstrong Siddeley : Pre-war cars and automobiles - the 17hp model with preselector gearbox |website=siddeley.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619055632/http://www.siddeley.com/info_17hp.html |archive-date=19 June 2013 |url-status=dead))</ref>
*[[Automatic transmission]]s
**First automatic transmission – 1939 [[Oldsmobile]] (''[[Hydra-Matic]]''; also the first 4-speed automatic)
**First [[torque converter]] automatic – 1948 (middle of model year) [[Buick Roadmaster]] (''[[Dynaflow]]'')
**First non-planetary automatic – 1968 [[Honda]] (''[[Hondamatic]]'')
**First 2-speed automatic – 1947 GM [[Dynaflow]] 1948 model year [[Buick Roadmaster]]
**First 3-speed automatic – 1950 Borg Warner [[Automatic Drive]] [[Studebaker Land Cruiser]]
**First 4-speed automatic – 1939 [[Oldsmobile]] (''[[Hydra-Matic]]''; also the first automatic)
**First 5-speed automatic – 1989 [[Nissan]] [[Nissan Cedric Y31|Cedric]], [[Nissan]] [[Nissan Cefiro#A31(1988–1994)|Cefiro]], [[Nissan]] [[Nissan Gloria#Eighth generation Y31|Gloria]], [[Nissan]] [[Nissan skyline#R32|Skyline]], [[Nissan]] [[Nissan Laurel#Sixth generation (C33) (1989–1993)|Laurel]], (''[[Jatco 5R01 transmission|RE5R01A]]'', [[Jatco]]/[[Nissan]] transmission)<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.jsae.or.jp/autotech/data_e/8-8e.html |title=240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology – Full range electronically controlled 5-speed automatic (mounted on Nissan Cedric Y31) |publisher=Jsae.or.jp |access-date=2011-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718105103/http://www.jsae.or.jp/autotech/data_e/8-8e.html |archive-date=2011-07-18 |url-status=dead))</ref>
**First 6-speed automatic – 2001 [[BMW]] [[BMW 7 Series (E65)|7 Series (E65)]] (''[[ZF 6HP26 transmission|ZF 6HP26]]'')
**First 7-speed automatic – 2003 [[Mercedes-Benz]] (''[[7G-Tronic]]'')
**First 8-speed automatic – 2006 [[Lexus LS|Lexus LS 460]]
**First 9-speed automatic – 2013 [[Range Rover Evoque]]
**First 10-speed automatic – 2017 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] ZL1 and [[Ford F-150]]
*First [[Locking differential|self-locking differential]] – 1939 [[Alfa Romeo 6C#6C 2500 (1938–1952)|Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 Super Sport]]<ref>((cite web|title=Alfa Romeo|url=http://www.zf.com/corporate/en_de/products/product_range/zf_tradition/tradition_brands/alfa-romeo/alfa_romeo.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328154809/http://www.zf.com/corporate/en_de/products/product_range/zf_tradition/tradition_brands/alfa-romeo/alfa_romeo.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-03-28|website=zf.com|access-date=2018-04-25))</ref>
*First [[limited slip differential]] – 1955 (for the 1956 model year) [[Studebaker]]
**<small>Note: In 1939, the Volkswagen Type 82 used a cam and pawl type differential which had a slip-limiting effect.)</small>
*First [[continuously variable transmission]] (CVT) – 1958 [[DAF 600]] ''A-Type''
*First electronically controlled [[continuously variable transmission]] (ECVT) – 1987 Subaru Justy ''E-CVT''
*First [[active differential]] – 1986 [[Porsche 959]] ''PSK'' (''limited production of 200 vehicles'')
*First [[continuously variable transmission#Toroidal or roller-based CVT|toroidal continuously variable transmission]] – 1999 [[Nissan Cedric#Tenth generation Y34|Nissan Cedric]] and [[Nissan Gloria#Eleventh generation Y34|Nissan Gloria]]
*First [[manumatic]] (automatic transmission with manual control of gear selection) – 1990 [[Porsche 964|Porsche 911 ''Tiptronic'']]
*First electronically controlled [[automated manual transmission]] – 1985 [[Isuzu Aska]] ''[[NAVi5]]'' 
*First modern single-clutch [[automated manual transmission]] – 1996 [[BMW E36 M3|BMW E36 M3 ''SMG'']]<ref>((cite web|url=https://bimmerscan.com/bmw-e46-smg/|title = E46 M3 SMG 2 Transmission » Bimmerscan|date = 20 June 2014))</ref>
*First [[dual-clutch transmission]] – 2003 [[Volkswagen Golf Mk4#R32|Volkswagen Golf Mk4 R32]] ([[Direct-Shift Gearbox]])<ref>((cite press release|title=Volkswagen DSG – World's first dual-clutch gearbox in a production car |publisher=[[Volkswagen AG]] |work=Volkswagen-Media-Services.com |date=2002-11-22 |url=https://www.volkswagen-media-services.com/medias_publish/ms/content/en/pressemitteilungen/2002/11/22/volkswagen_dsg_-_world.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html |access-date=2009-10-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060524093743/http://www.volkswagen-media-services.com/medias_publish/ms/content/en/pressemitteilungen/2002/11/22/volkswagen_dsg_-_world.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html |archive-date=2006-05-24))</ref>
*First road car with paddle-shifters – 1997 [[Ferrari F355|Ferrari 355 ''F1'']]

===[[Automobile layout|Layout]]===
*First [[Rear-engine design|rear-engined]] car – 1886 [[Benz Patent Motorwagen]]
*First [[Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive]] car – 1934 [[Tatra 77]]
*First [[Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout|rear-engine, four-wheel-drive]] car – 1940 [[Volkswagen Kübelwagen]]
*First [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|front-engine, rear-wheel-drive]] car – 1895 [[Panhard|Panhard et Levassor]]
*First [[Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|front-engine, front-wheel-drive]] car – 1929 [[Cord Automobile#Cord L-29|Cord L-29]]
*First [[Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout|front-engine, four-wheel-drive]] car – 1903 [[Spyker#Car models|Spyker 60 HP]]
*First front-engined [[transaxle]] car – 1898 [[De Dion-Bouton]]
*First [[four-wheel drive|four-wheel-drive]] car – 1903 [[Spyker#Car models|Spyker 60 HP]]
*First [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|mid-engined]] car – 1921 [[Rumpler Tropfenwagen]]
*First [[front-wheel drive|front-wheel-drive]] car – 1924 [[Tracta]] (Gregoire-Tracta)
*First mass-produced [[Transverse engine|transverse]] [[front-wheel drive|front-wheel-drive]] car – 1931 [[DKW]] F1<ref>((cite web |language=en |url=http://www.sportscardigest.com/dkw-front-f1-first-front-wheel-drive-automobile/ |title=DKW Front F1 – First Front-Wheel Drive Automobile |website=sportscardigest.com |date=2011-02-25 |access-date=2018-06-08 ))</ref>
*First [[Front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|front mid-engine, front-wheel-drive]] car – 1934 [[Citroën Traction Avant]]
*First transverse front-wheel-drive [[Straight-six engine|I6]] car – 1970 [[Austin Kimberley]] and [[Austin Tasman]]
*First mass-produced four-wheel-drive car – 1955 [[GAZ M72]], 4677 produced<ref>((cite book|last= Thompson|first= Andy|title= Cars of the Soviet Union|publisher= Haynes Publishing|location= Somerset, UK|year= 2008|page= 57))</ref>
*First and only [[Production vehicle|production]] vehicles manufactured to a [[2+2 (car body style)|four-seater]], [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|rear mid-engined]], full-[[convertible]] design – 1982 [[Ferrari Mondial]]
*First [[transverse engine|transverse]] [[four-wheel drive|four-wheel-drive]] car – 1983 [[Fiat Panda]] 4x4
*First [[Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout|mid-engined, four-wheel-drive]] car – 1983 [[Peugeot 205 Turbo 16]] (homologation special, 200 road cars produced for [[Group B]] regulations.)
*First transverse front-wheel-drive [[Straight-five engine|I5]] car – 1991 [[Volvo 850]]<ref name="Volvo 850">((cite press release |language=en |url=https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/38077 |title=Volvo with four world-firsts turns 20 |publisher=Volvo Car Corporation |website=media.volvocars.com |date=2011-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806180626/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/38077 |archive-date=2017-08-06 |access-date=2018-06-08 |url-status=live))</ref>

===[[suspension (vehicle)|Suspension]]===
*First front [[independent suspension]] – 1898 [[Decauville automobile|Decauville]]
*First [[torsion bar]] suspension – 1921 [[Leyland Motors|Leyland]]
*First [[hydraulic]] [[shock absorber]]s – 1922 [[Lancia Lambda]]
*First [[coil spring]] / [[shock absorber]] suspension – 1922 [[Lancia Lambda]]
*First fully [[independent suspension]] – 1931 [[Alfa Romeo 8C]]
*First [[air suspension]] – 1946 [[Stout Scarab|Stout Scarab Experimental]]
*First [[MacPherson strut]] suspension – 1949 [[Ford Vedette]]
*First [[self-levelling suspension]] – 1954 [[Citroën Traction Avant]] 15/6 "H"
*First [[anti-roll bars]] – 1955 [[Citroën DS]] (front and rear)
*First [[self-levelling suspension]] on all four wheels – 1955 [[Citroën DS]]
*First production [[air suspension]] – 1956 (for the 1957 model year) [[Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham]] (standard)
*First [[Chapman strut]] suspension – 1958 [[Lotus Elite]]
*First electronic-adjustable suspension dampers – 1981 [[Nissan Skyline#R30|Nissan Skyline]]
*First electronically controlled [[semi-active suspension]] – 1983 [[Toyota Soarer]] (Japan-market model [[Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension]]<ref name="ReferenceA">((cite web|url=http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/products_technology/technology_development/chassis/index.html|title=TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE – 75 Years of TOYOTA – Technical Development – Chassis|work=toyota-global.com))</ref>) and [[Mitsubishi Galant]] ([[Electronic Steering Chassis]])
*First active [[air suspension]] – 1987 [[Mitsubishi Galant]] active ECS
*First fully [[active suspension]] without [[anti-roll bar]]s: 1989 on [[Toyota Celica]]: [[Toyota Active Control Suspension]]<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*First semi-active hydraulic suspension – 1990 [[Citroën XM]] (''[[Hydractive]]'')
*First [[semi-active suspension]] scanning the road ahead ([[sonar]]) – 1990 [[Nissan Leopard]]/[[Nissan Cedric]]/[[Nissan Maxima]]/[[Nissan J30]] [[DUET-SS]] [[Super Sonic Suspension]]
*First [[active anti-roll bar]]s – 1994 [[Citroën Xantia Activa]] (''Systeme Citroën de Contrôle Actif du Roulis'')
*First active suspension optically scanning the road ahead – 2013 [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)]] ([[Magic Body Control|MAGIC BODY CONTROL]] with ROAD SURFACE SCAN)<ref>((cite press release|url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1549267-1-1597435-1-0-0-1597463-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1419953561494|title=Suspension: The world's first suspension system with "eyes"|publisher=Daimler|date=2013-05-15|location=Stuttgart/Hamburg|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141230195741/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1549267-1-1597435-1-0-0-1597463-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1419953561494|archive-date=30 December 2014|access-date=2014-12-30|url-status=dead))</ref>

===[[Brakes]]===
*First [[four-wheel brakes]] – 1910 [[Isotta Fraschini]]<ref name=isotta>((cite web|title=1924 Isotta Fraschini Straight 8 Town Car|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/autohistorian/5144690953/|work=Alden Jewell|date=3 November 2010|access-date=2014-01-14))</ref>
*First power brakes – 1919 [[Hispano-Suiza]] [[Hispano-Suiza H6|H6]] (mechanically assisted and 4-wheel<ref>Georgano, p.181.</ref>)
*First [[hydraulic brake|hydraulic]] power brakes – 1921 [[Duesenberg]] Model A<ref>Georgano, p.186.</ref> (4-wheel)
*First [[Hydraulic brake#Power brakes|vacuum-assist]] power brakes – 1927 (for the 1928 model year) [[Pierce-Arrow]]
*First [[Inboard brake|inboard drum brakes]] – 1937 [[Lancia Aprilia]]
*First [[disc brakes]] – 1948 (for the 1949 model year) [[Chrysler Imperial|Chrysler Crown Imperial]] (4-wheel and standard)
*First [[Inboard brake|inboard disc brakes]] – 1955 [[Citroën DS19]]
*First diagonally split, dual brake circuits – 1962 [[Saab 95]]/[[Saab 96|96]]
*First [[antilock braking system]] – 1966 [[Jensen FF]] ([[Dunlop Maxaret]] system, previously used in aviation)
*First electrical & electronic [[antilock braking system]] – 1969 (for the 1970 model year) [[Lincoln Continental Mark III]] (standard)
*First 4-wheel electrical & electronic [[antilock braking system]] – 1970 (for the 1971 model year) [[Imperial (automobile)|Imperial]]
*First [[asbestos]]-free [[brake pad]]s – 1983 [[Saab Automobile]]
*First [[regenerative brake]]s – 1996 [[GM EV1]] (leased, not sold)
*First [[brake-by-wire|electro-hydraulic brakes]] – 2001 [[Toyota Prius]]
*First [[electric park brake|electric parking brake]] – 2002 [[BMW E65/E66]]

===Driver aids===
*First [[steering wheel]] – 1894 [[Panhard]]
*First [[speedometer]] – 1901 [[Oldsmobile]]
*First [[windscreen wiper]] – 1903 [[Mary Anderson (inventor)]]
*First electromechanical [[vehicle horn]] – 1908 [[Klaxon]]
*First tilt-away [[steering wheel]] – 1912 [[Peerless Motor Company|Peerless]]
*First standard [[rear-view mirror]] – 1912 [[Marmon Motor Car Company|Marmon]]<ref name = "Popular Mechanics1985">((cite book
  | title=Popular Mechanics – Dec 1985 |date = December 1985|publisher = Hearst Magazines| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=deMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA58
  | access-date=2016-04-21))</ref>
*First adjustable [[steering column]] – 1913 [[Lancia Theta]]
*First dash-mounted [[fuel gauge]] – 1914 [[Studebaker]]
*First power [[windscreen wiper]] – 1916 [[Willys-Knight]]
*First [[turn signal]]s – 1919 [[Phianna (automobile)|Phianna]]
*First electric [[windscreen wiper]] – 1922 [[William M. Folberth (inventor)]]
*First windscreen [[defogger]] – 1927 (for the 1928 model year) [[Studebaker]]
*First horn ringed [[steering wheel]] – 1935 (for the 1936 model year) [[Cord Automobile#Cord Model 810/812|Cord 810]]
*First [[Windshield washer fluid|windscreen washer]] – 1936 (for the 1937 model year) [[Studebaker]]
*First rear window [[defogger]] – 1947 (for the 1948 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]]
*First [[power steering]] – 1950 (for the 1951 model year) [[Chrysler Imperial]]
*First [[cruise control]] – 1956 (for the 1957 model year) [[Imperial (automobile)|Imperial]]
*First [[trip computer]] – 1958 [[Saab GT750]]
*First adjustable [[Car controls|control pedals]] – 1964 [[Marcos GT]]
*First tilt/telescope [[steering wheel]] – 1964 (for the 1965 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]]
*First [[traction control system]] – 1970 (for the 1971 model year) full-size [[Buick]] (''MaxTrac'')
*First [[LED]] display – 1976 [[Aston Martin Lagonda]] instrument cluster
*First [[Original equipment manufacturer|original-equipment (OEM)]] [[Citizens Band radio]] – 1976 (for the 1977 model year) [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]], [[Cadillac]], [[Buick]] (except [[Buick Skyhawk|Skyhawk]]), [[Oldsmobile]] (except [[Oldsmobile Omega|Omega]] and [[Oldsmobile Starfire|Starfire]]) and [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] (except [[Pontiac Ventura|Ventura]], [[Pontiac Sunbird|Sunbird]] and [[Pontiac Astre|Astre]])
*First electronic [[trip computer]] – 1978 (in middle of model year) [[Cadillac Seville]]<ref name="vanbogart2003">((cite book|last=Van Bogart|first=Angelo|title=Cadillac: 100 Years of Innovation|year=2003|publisher=Krause publications|isbn=0873496906))</ref>
*First [[automotive navigation system|navigation system]] – August 1981 [[Honda Accord]] (analog, dealer-installed)<ref>((cite web|url=http://world.honda.com/history/challenge/1981navigationsystem/index.html|title=Honda Worldwide &#124; History|publisher=World.honda.com|access-date=2009-10-31))</ref>
*First [[parking sensor]] – 1982 [[Toyota Corona]]
*First built-in [[cup holder]] – 1983 [[Dodge Caravan#First generation (1984–1990)|Dodge Caravan]]/[[Plymouth Voyager#First generation (S; 1984–1990)|Plymouth Voyager]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://thesocietypages.org/socimages/2013/03/08/when-did-cars-get-cup-holders/ |title=When Did Cars Get Cup Holders? |first=Lisa |last=Wade |work=Sociological Images |location=US |date=2013-03-08 |access-date=2019-01-13))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.bonappetit.com/trends/article/the-history-of-the-car-cup-holder|title=The History of the Car Cup Holder|last=Dean|first=Sam|website=Bon Appetit|date=18 February 2013 |language=en|access-date=2019-01-13))</ref>
*First [[Windshield wipers|Rain-Sensing Windshield Wipers]] – 1984 [[Nissan Silvia|Nissan 200SX]] and [[Nissan Silvia|Silvia]]
*First [[Cathode ray tube|CRT]] display – 1984 [[Buick|Buick Riviera]] [[computer]] controlled instrument cluster
*First electronic [[four-wheel steering]] – 1985 [[Nissan Skyline]] [[HICAS]]
*First [[automotive head-up display]] (auto-HUD) – 1987 (for the 1988 model year) [[Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]]
*First [[drive-by-wire]] throttle – 1988 [[BMW 7 Series (E38)|BMW 750iL]]
*First mechanical [[four-wheel steering]] – 1988 [[Honda Prelude]] 4WS
*First [[electrochromic]] rear-view mirror – 1988 Nissan [[Datsun 220C|Cedric]]/[[Nissan Gloria Y31|Gloria]]/[[Nissan Cima#Y31|Cima]]
*First digital navigation system – 1990 [[Acura Legend]]
*First original-equipment built-in [[GPS]] navigation system – 1990 [[Mazda Cosmo#Series JC (1990–1996)|Mazda Eunos Cosmo]] Type-E CCS<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.mazda.com/stories/craftmanship/greatcar/p17.html|title=Great Cars of Mazda – Cosmo|publisher=Mazda.com|access-date=2014-10-15))</ref> (Japan Only)
*First [[Backup camera]] – 1991 Toyota Soarer Limited (Japan Only)
*First [[dynamic stability control system]]/[[electronic stability control|Electronic Stability Programme]]/[[Vehicle Stability Control]] – 1995 [[BMW 7 Series (E38)]]-(DSC III), [[Mercedes-Benz W140|Mercedes-Benz S 600 Coupé]]-(ESP),<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1892377_CL_Klasse_e_2010.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-11-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230184646/http://www.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1892377_CL_Klasse_e_2010.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-30)) CL-Class press kit</ref> and [[Toyota Crown Majesta#Second-generation series S150|Toyota Crown Majesta]]-(VSC)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*First [[adaptive cruise control]] – 1995 (for 1996 model year) [[Mitsubishi Diamante]] (like the later Toyota Celsior system, this [[LIDAR]] did not apply brakes, only throttle&shifting)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.uctc.net/papers/622.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-12-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031011103348/http://www.uctc.net/papers/622.pdf |archive-date=2003-10-11))</ref>
*First backup sensors – 1995 [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class]]
*First [[telematics|telematics assist]] system – 1996 (for the 1997 model year) [[Cadillac Seville]] ([[OnStar]]) and [[Lincoln Continental]] ([[Motorola]] RESCU)
*First minivans and SUVs with backup sensors – 1999 [[Ford Windstar]] and [[Ford Explorer]]/[[Lincoln Navigator]]
*First [[automotive night vision|night vision]] – 1999 (for the 2000 model year) [[Cadillac Deville]]
*First [[Lane departure warning system|lane-departure warning system (LDWS)]] – 2001 [[Nissan Cima]]
*First navigation system with voice controls – 2002 [[Infiniti Q45]]
*First [[backup camera]] in North American market – 2002 [[Infiniti Q45]]
*First [[radar]] [[Collision avoidance system]] (no autonomous braking) – 2003 [[Toyota Harrier]]-Pre-Collision System PCS<ref name="toyota-global.com">((cite web|url=http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/products_technology/technology_development/electronics_parts/index.html|title=TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE – 75 Years of TOYOTA – Technical Development – Electronics Parts|work=toyota-global.com))</ref>
*First [[Automatic parking|automatic/automated self-parking system]] – 2003 [[Toyota Prius (XW20)|Toyota Prius]] [[Intelligent Parking Assist System|IPAS]]<ref>((cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3198619.stm|title=Technology &#124; Self-parking car hits the shops|publisher=BBC News|date=2003-09-01|access-date=2009-10-31))</ref>
*First [[Blind Spot Monitor|Blind Spot Intervention]] System – 2005 [[Volvo S80]]
*First [[Backup camera#Surround-view cameras|Around View Monitor (AVM)]] – 2007 [[Infiniti EX#EX35 (2007-)|Infiniti EX35]]
*First [[Driver drowsiness detection]] – 2007 on the [[Volvo S80]]-Driver Alert Control<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/enhanced/en-gb/Media/Preview.aspx?mediaid=12130|title=Volvo Cars introduces new systems for alerting tired and distracted drivers|access-date=2007-08-28))</ref>
*First driver [[Eye tracking|eyelid monitoring]] system – 2008 on the [[Toyota Crown]]-[[Driver Monitoring System]]<ref name="toyota-global.com"/><ref>((cite press release|url=http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/news/08/0122.html|title=Toyota Enhances Pre-crash Safety System with Eye Monitor|publisher=[[Toyota]]|date=2008-01-22|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120914073839/http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/news/08/0122.html|archive-date=2012-09-14|access-date=2014-12-30|url-status=live))</ref>
*First [[Synchronized down shift rev-matching system]] – 2009 [[Nissan 370Z]] and [[Nissan Fairlady Z|Fairlady Z]]
*First active pedestrian avoidance with steering correction – 2013 on [[Lexus LS (XF40)]] (Japan only)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.toyota-global.com/innovation/safety_technology/safety_technology/technology_file/pre_crash/|title=TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE|work=toyota-global.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320214706/http://www.toyota-global.com/innovation/safety_technology/safety_technology/technology_file/pre_crash/|archive-date=2015-03-20))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.toyota.com/esq/safety/active-safety/toyota-develops-new-pedestrian-safety-technology.html |title=ESQ - Toyota Develops New Pedestrian Safety Technology |access-date=2016-03-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230609/http://www.toyota.com/esq/safety/active-safety/toyota-develops-new-pedestrian-safety-technology.html |archive-date=2016-03-03)) Toyota Develops New Pedestrian Safety Technology</ref>

===Passive restraint===
*First safety padding – 1936 (for the 1937 model year) [[Chrysler]]
*First [[seat belts]] – 1947 (for the 1948 model year) [[1948 Tucker Sedan|Tucker]]
*First padded dash – 1947 (for the 1948 model year) [[1948 Tucker Sedan|Tucker]]
*First rear [[seat belts]] – 1954 (for the 1955 model year) [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]]
*First standard [[seat belts]] – 1958 [[Saab GT750|Saab GT 750]]<ref name="Saab Innovations"/><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.trollhattansaab.net/page/5 |title=A rare win for Saab over Toyota in Australia |date=2009-02-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110227041041/http://www.trollhattansaab.net/page/5 |archive-date=2011-02-27))</ref>
*First [[Three-point seatbelt|shoulder belts]] – 1959 [[Volvo PV444/544]]
*First standard [[Three-point seatbelt|shoulder belts]] – 1959 [[Volvo Amazon|Volvo 122]]

===Active restraint===
* First [[airbag]]s – 1973 (for the 1974 model year) full-size [[Cadillac]], [[Buick]] and [[Oldsmobile]] (''Air Cushion Restraint System'')
* First standard dual frontal airbags – 1987 [[Porsche 944]]
* First rear-seat frontal airbag – 1993 [[Nissan President#President HG50|Nissan President]]
* First side torso airbags – 1994<ref>((cite news |language=en |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-08-22/business/9408220011_1_side-impact-air-bag-volvo-spokesman-bob-austin-side-impact |title=And Now, From Volvo, The Side-impact Air Bag |publisher=Chicago Tribune |first=Jim |last=Mateja |website=articles.chicagotribune.com |date=1994-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009121137/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1994-08-22/business/9408220011_1_side-impact-air-bag-volvo-spokesman-bob-austin-side-impact |archive-date=2017-10-09 |access-date=2018-06-08 |url-status=live))</ref> (for the 1995 model year) [[Volvo 850]]<ref name = SBG2>((cite press release |language=en |url=http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1998/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=22963&News.Language=en-gb |title=Second-Generation Sips-Bag protects both chest and head |publisher=Volvo Group AB |website=volvogroup.com |date=1998-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221210232/http://www.volvogroup.com/group/global/en-gb/newsmedia/pressreleases/previous/1998/_layouts/CWP.Internet.VolvoCom/NewsItem.aspx?News.ItemId=22963&News.Language=en-gb |archive-date=2015-02-21 |access-date=2018-06-08 |url-status=dead))</ref>
* First knee airbag – 1996 [[Kia Sportage]]<ref>((cite web |language=en |url=https://articles.latimes.com/1996-05-24/business/fi-9924_1_chest-air-bags |title=New Air Bag Will Aim For Knees, Legs |first=Lesley |last=Wright |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=1996-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208075015/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-05-24/business/fi-9924_1_chest-air-bags |archive-date=2015-12-08 |url-status=live))</ref>
* First six-airbag system – 1997 [[Audi A8]]: 1 side airbag in every door + 2 front airbags.
* First side head airbags – 1997 [[BMW 7 Series (E38)]]
* First rear window curtain airbag – 2008 [[Toyota iQ]]<ref>((cite web |language=en |url=http://www.autobloggreen.com/2008/09/30/toyota-develops-rear-curtain-airbag-for-tiny-iq/ |title=Toyota develops rear curtain airbag for tiny iQ |first=Sam |last=Abuelsamid |website=autobloggreen.com |date=2008-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414062617/http://www.autobloggreen.com/2008/09/30/toyota-develops-rear-curtain-airbag-for-tiny-iq |archive-date=2009-04-14 |access-date=2018-06-08 |url-status=dead))</ref>
* First rear seat centre airbag – 2009 [[Toyota]]
* First seatbelt airbags – 2011 [[Ford Explorer]] and [[Lexus LFA]]
* First front center airbag – 2013 [[Chevrolet Traverse]], [[Buick Enclave]] and [[GMC Acadia]]
* First rear seat airbag – 2021 [[Mercedes Benz S Class]]<ref>((cite web |last1=GAUTHIER |first1=MICHAEL |title=The 2021 Mercedes S-Class Has The World's First Rear-Seat Airbags |url=https://www.carscoops.com/2020/07/the-2021-mercedes-s-class-has-the-worlds-first-rear-seat-airbags/ |website=Carscoops |access-date=25 August 2020 |date=24 July 2020))</ref>

===[[Tire]]s===
*First use of pneumatic tires – 1895 [[Peugeot]] L'Eclair ([[Michelin]])
*First standard pneumatic tires – 1896 [[Léon Bollée Automobiles|Bollée]] Voiturette
*First [[Radial tire|radial-ply tires]] – 1946 [[Michelin]] "X" (Optional fitment on 1949 [[Peugeot]]s, [[Citroën Traction Avant|Citroën 11CV]] and [[Simca 8]], standard on the 1950 [[Lancia Aurelia]])<ref>((cite web|title=Michelin and the Birth of the Radial Tyre|url=http://autouniversum.wordpress.com/2011/03/07/michelin-and-the-birth-of-the-radial-tire/|work=Auto Universum|date=7 March 2011|access-date=2014-01-14))</ref>
*First self-repairing tires – 1950 [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]]
*First [[run flat tire]] – 1974 [[Mini|Mini 1275GT]] ([[Dunlop Rubber|Dunlop]] Denovo; optional)

===Lighting===
* First electrical lighting – 1898 [[Columbia Automobile Company|Columbia]] electric
* First bright headlamps – 1899 Bleriot carbide generator
* First standard lights – 1904 "Prest-O-Lite" [[acetylene]]
* First standard electrical lights – 1908 [[Peerless Motor Company|Peerless]]
* First integrated electrical and lighting system – 1912 [[Cadillac Model Thirty|Cadillac Model 1912]] [[Delco Electronics|Delco]]
* First "dipping" headlamps – 1915 [[Guide Lamp Company]]
* First [[Original equipment manufacturer|original-equipment (OEM)]] "dipping" headlamps – 1917 [[Cadillac]]
* First stop or brake lights – 1919 [[Phianna (automobile)|Phianna]]
* First dual-beam headlamp – 1924 [[Bilux]]
* First [[Headlamp#Directional headlamps|directional headlamps]] – 1934 [[Tatra 77]]((citation needed|date=March 2016))
* First [[hidden headlamps]] – 1935 (for the 1936 model year) [[Cord Automobile#Cord Model 810/812|Cord 810]]<ref name = "Robson 2001">((cite book|last=Robson|first=Graham|title=The Illustrated Directory of Classic Cars|year=2001|publisher=MBI Publishing Company|isbn=0-7603-1049-1))</ref> (hand cranked from dash)
* First flush mounted [[taillights]] with the body – 1935 (for the 1936 model year) [[Cord Automobile#Cord Model 810/812|Cord 810]]
* First [[fog light]]s – 1937 (for the 1938 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]]
* First power hidden headlamps – 1938 [[Buick Y-Job]]
* First production power hidden headlamps – 1941 (for the 1942 model year) [[DeSoto (automobile)|DeSoto]] (standard)
* First [[Automatic headlight dimmer#Automatic beam switching|auto-dimming headlamps]] – 1951 (for the 1952 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]] and [[Oldsmobile]] (''[[Automatic headlight dimmer#Automatic beam switching|Autronic Eye]]'')
* First [[Twilight Sentinel|auto-on/off headlamps]] – 1959 (for the 1960 model year) [[Buick]] (''[[Twilight Sentinel]]'')
* First headlamp wipers – 1970 [[Saab Automobile|Saab]] ([[Saab 95|95]], [[Saab 96|96]], [[Saab 99|99]])<ref name="Saab Innovations">((cite web|url=http://www.saabmuseum.com/innovations/index.html |title=Saab Innovation |publisher=Saab Museum |access-date=2009-10-31))</ref>
* First [[alternating current|AC]] [[High-intensity discharge lamp|HID]] (lowbeam only) lights – 1991 [[BMW 7 Series (E32)]]
* First [[neon light]]s – 1994 (for the 1995 model year) [[Ford Explorer]]
* First [[direct current|DC]] [[High-intensity discharge lamp|HID]] lights – 1996 (for the 1997 model year) [[Lincoln Mark VIII]]
* First all-[[light-emitting diode|LED]] tail lights – 1998 [[Maserati 3200 GT]]
* First lowbeam/highbeam [[High-intensity discharge lamp|HID]] headlamps (Bi-Xenon) – 1999 on [[Mercedes-Benz C215|Mercedes-Benz CL-Class]]<ref>((cite press release |url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-614233-1-820664-1-0-0-0-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |title=The history of the headlamp: From the candle lamp to motorway mode |publisher=Daimler |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141230100212/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-614233-1-820664-1-0-0-0-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |archive-date=2014-12-30 |access-date=2014-12-30 |url-status=dead))</ref>
* First all-[[light-emitting diode|LED]] headlamps – 2007 [[Audi R8 (road car)|Audi R8]]<ref>((cite web|title=The Full-LED Technology for Automotive Lighting|url=http://www.magnetimarelli.com/excellence/technological-excellences/the-full-led-technology|publisher=magnetimarelli.com|access-date=2014-03-22))</ref>
* First low beam, front position light and sidemarker [[light-emitting diode|LED]] headlights – 2008 [[Lexus LS (XF40)#LS 600h|Lexus LS600h]]
* First continuously [[adaptive highbeam]] ([[High-intensity discharge lamp|HID]]) – 2009 on the [[Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W212)]]<ref>((cite press release |url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-614216-1-1147521-1-0-0-999999-0-0-0-0-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |title=New headlamp and night-view systems: Adaptive Highbeam Assist selects the optimum light settings automatically |publisher=Daimler Global Media |date=2008-11-25 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141230195835/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-614216-1-1147521-1-0-0-999999-0-0-0-0-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |archive-date=30 December 2014 |access-date=2014-12-30 |url-status=dead ))</ref>
* First headlamps with [[pedestrian]] highlighting/warning – in 2011 on [[Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216)]]<ref>((cite press release |url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-658892-1-1354042-1-0-0-0-0-0-12639-0-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |title=New spotlight function for Active Night View Assist Plus: Enhanced safety for pedestrians |publisher=Daimler |date=2010-12-08 |location=Stuttgart |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141229124130/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-658892-1-1354042-1-0-0-0-0-0-12639-0-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html |archive-date=2014-12-29 |access-date=2014-12-30 |url-status=live))</ref>
* First full-[[light-emitting diode|LED]] car + tail lights with automatic variable intensity control – 2013 on the [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W222)]]<ref>((cite press release|url=http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1549267-1-1597178-1-0-0-1597463-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1419953546476|title=Lights: The first ever car without a single light bulb|publisher=Daimler|date=2013-05-15|location=Stuttgart/Hamburg|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141230173250/http://media.daimler.com/dcmedia/0-921-1549267-1-1597178-1-0-0-1597463-0-1-11702-854934-0-1-0-0-0-0-0.html?TS=1419953546476|archive-date=30 December 2014|access-date=2014-12-30|url-status=dead))</ref>
* First laser headlights – 2014 [[Audi R8]] LMX<ref>((cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2014/05/audi-r8-lmx-laser-headlights/|title=Audi's New R8 Supercar Has Frickin' Lasers for Headlights|magazine=Wired|access-date=2014-10-05|last1=Golson|first1=Jordan))</ref>

===Electrical system===
* First [[ignition magneto|magneto]] – 1897 [[Lanchester Motor Company]]<ref>Georgano, p.49.</ref>
* First [[electric starter|electric self-starter]] – [[Arnold (automobile)|Arnold]] (copy of the [[Benz Velo]]) before 1900.<ref>Georgano, p.25.</ref>
* First [[power door locks]] – 1914 [[Scripps-Booth]]
* First [[twin-spark]] engine – 1914 [[Alfa Romeo Grand Prix]]
* First electric [[power windows]] – 1938 [[Buick Y-Job]] (see "Other" for nonelectric production power windows)
* First combination key and ignition switch – 1948 (for the 1949 model year) [[Chrysler Corporation|Chrysler]]
* First 12 volt system – 1948 [[Lancia Ardea]] mk3
* First [[alternator (auto)|alternator]] – 1959 (for the 1960 model year) [[Plymouth Valiant]]
* First sealed [[Electric battery|battery]] – 1969 (for the 1970 model year) [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] "Freedom Battery"
* First [[Remote keyless system#History|keyless entry system]] (by keypad) – 1980 for the [[Ford Thunderbird (eighth generation)|8th gen Ford Thunderbird]], [[Mercury Cougar#Fifth generation (1980–1982)|5th gen Mercury Cougar]], and [[Lincoln Continental Mark VI|Lincoln Continental Mk VI]], and [[Lincoln Town Car|Town Car]]
* First [[multiplexing]] wiring – 1986 (for the 1987 model year) [[Cadillac Allanté]] & Chrysler C-Body [1988]
* First integrated car systems control – 1987 [[Toyota Soarer]] (''Electro Multi Vision'')<ref>((cite web |url=http://autospeed.drive.com.au/cms/A_1718/article.html |title=AutoSpeed – Burger With the Lot |publisher=Autospeed.drive.com.au |access-date=2009-10-31 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060822173425/http://autospeed.drive.com.au/cms/A_1718/article.html |archive-date=2006-08-22))</ref>

===Climate control===
* First exhaust system heat – 1917 (???)
* First cooling system heat – 1926 (???) ([[Cadillac]] also lists heat as an option for $32 in the 1926 model year although it is not clear what the source is)
* First [[automobile air conditioning]] – 1939 (for the 1940 model year) [[Packard]]
* First automatic climate control – 1963 (for the 1964 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]]
* First heated seats – 1965 (for the 1966 model year) [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]]((citation needed|date=May 2016))
* First digital climate control – 1975 [[Rolls-Royce Camargue]]
* First electrically [[Quickclear|heated windshield]] – 1985 Ford [[Ford Scorpio|Scorpio/Granada Mk. III]] and 1986 model year [[Ford Taurus]]/[[Mercury Sable]]
* First ventilated seats – 1998 [[Saab 9-5]]
* First cooled seats – 2000 [[Lincoln Navigator]]
* First heated steering wheel – 2001 [[Audi A6]]((citation needed|date=October 2018)) and [[BMW 7 Series]]((citation needed|date=October 2018))

===In-car entertainment===
*First [[radio]] – May 1922 [[Ford Model T]] (fitted to the passenger door by 18-year-old George Frost, president of the Lane High School Radio Club in [[Chicago]])<ref name="listverse2008">((cite web|url=http://listverse.com/2008/07/12/top-10-fascinating-firsts-in-motoring/|title=Top 10 Fascinating First in Motoring|date=12 July 2008|publisher=listverse.com |access-date=2012-02-08))</ref>
*First [[radio]] installed by a corporation – November 1922 [[Daimler Company|Daimler]] (installed in a limousine by the [[Marconi Company|Marconi-phone company]])<ref name="listverse2008"/>
*First [[Aftermarket (automotive)|aftermarket]] [[radio]] – 1923 Springfield Body Corporation
*First [[Original equipment manufacturer|original-equipment (OEM)]] [[radio]] – 1929 (for the 1930 model year) [[Cadillac]] and [[LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]
*First in-car [[phonograph]] – 1955 (for the 1956 model year) [[Chrysler]] (optional on all makes)
*First [[FM broadcasting|FM radio]] – 1958 (for the 1959 model year) [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]]
*First [[Stereophonic sound|stereo]] – 1964 (for the 1965 model year) full-size [[Chevrolet]]
*First [[8-track tape]] – 1965 (for the 1966 model year) [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]] and [[Ford Thunderbird]] and [[Ford Mustang|Mustang]]
*First [[Compact Cassette]] – 1977 (for the 1978 model year) [[Cadillac]] and [[Buick]] (except [[Buick Skyhawk|Skyhawk]])
*First steering wheel mounted audio controls – 1984 [[Nissan 300ZX]] AE
*First [[compact disc]] – 1986 (for the 1987 model year) [[Lincoln Town Car]]
*First active audio volume control – 1989 (for the 1990 model year) [[Chevrolet Corvette]] [[Bose Corporation|Bose]]/[[Delco Electronics|Delco]] Gold Series
*First front auxiliary input (for portable devices) (OEM systems) – 1991 [[Mitsubishi 3000GT]] and [[Galant VR-4]]
*First VCR – 1998 [[Oldsmobile Silhouette]]
*First [[Bluetooth]]-capable audio system – 2003 [[Saab 9-3]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://gizmodo.com/005481/first-bluetooth-car/amp |title=First Bluetooth car |work=Gizmodo |date=2003-02-24 |access-date=2018-01-28))</ref>
*First [[MP3]]-capable audio system – 2001 Mazda Protegé MP3
*First [[karaoke]] – 2003 [[Geely BL]]
*First 5.1 [[surround sound]] – 2004 [[Acura TL]]
*First in-car [[iPod]] player integration – 2004 [[BMW]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.edmunds.com/car-technology/car-audio/the-four-primary-flavors-of-ipod-integration.html |title=The Four Primary Flavors of iPod Integration |publisher=edmunds |location=US |date=2009-05-05|access-date=2021-12-20))</ref>
*First [[active noise cancellation]] – 2005 [[Acura RL]]
*First built-in [[USB]] port – 2006 [[Kia Carens#Second generation (UN; 2006)|Kia Rondo]]

===Other===
* First anti-theft device – 1930 [[Ansaldo (car)|Ansaldo]] Tipo 22<ref>((cite web|title=Ansaldo "Tipo 22" – 1930|url=http://www.museonicolis.com/en/ansaldo-tipo-22/|website=museonicolis.com |date=4 February 2016|access-date=2017-08-19|quote=The gear lever is rather singular too: it has a lock with a special security key, one of the first car antitheft devices))</ref>
* First [[power windows]] – 1939 (for the 1940 model year) [[Packard 180]] (hydro-electric)
* First [[power seat]] – 1947 (for the 1948 model year) [[Cadillac]], [[Buick]] and [[Oldsmobile]] (hydraulic)
* First split folding rear seats – 1959 [[Auto Union]] (all makes)
* First [[Fibre-reinforced plastic|composite]] wheels – 1970 [[Citroën SM]]
* First production car to achieve ((Convert|200|mph|km/h|0|abbr=on)) – 1987 [[Ruf CTR]] in April 1987<ref name="RT87">((cite journal |url=http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a29347/the-worlds-fastest-cars-1987/ |title=In 1987, The World's Fastest Cars Couldn't Catch A 211-mph Twin-Turbo Ruf |first=Peter |last=Egan |journal=[[Road & Track]] |location=US |date=2016-05-29 |access-date=2016-08-26))</ref>
* First standard composite wheels – 1989 [[Shelby CSX]]
* First active exhaust – 1991 [[Mitsubishi 3000GT]]

==Pre-war==
* Best-selling pre-war vehicle – [[Ford Model-T]] ''(15,000,000 sold between 1908 and 1928)''
* Least-expensive – ((USD|125|1922)) – 1922 [[Smith Flyer|Briggs & Stratton Flyer]]
* Least-expensive full-featured automobile – ((USD|300|1926)) – 1926–27 (for the 1927 model year) [[Ford Model-T]]
* Fastest pre-war stock production vehicle – [[Cord Automobile]] – 1937 [[supercharged]] 812 Beverly sedan ((convert|107.66|mph|abbr=on|disp=flip|0)) – September 1937 at the Bonneville Salt Flats
* Fastest pre-war limited production vehicle – [[Alfa Romeo 8C#8C 2900|Alfa Romeo 8C 2900]] – 1939 Alfa Romeo 8C 2900 clocked to ((convert|131|mph|abbr=on|disp=flip|0)) average at Brooklands Speedway ''(41 made)''
* Fastest pre-war vehicle – [[Railton Mobil Special]] – 2-SC Napier Lion V-12 – ((convert|369.740|mph|abbr=on|disp=flip|0)) – Driver John Cobb on 23 August 1939 at the Bonneville Salt Flats
* Longest pre-war production – ((convert|6096|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1933–35 (for the 1934–35 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
* Longest pre-war limited production – ((convert|6400|mm|1|abbr=on)) 1927–33 [[Bugatti Royale]]
* Longest pre-war production wheelbase – ((convert|3912|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1933–37 (for the 1934–37 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
* Longest pre-war limited production wheelbase – ((convert|4572|mm|1|abbr=on)) 1927 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Prototype]]
* Longest pre-war Production convertible – ((convert|6096|mm|1|abbr=on)) (29 produced) – 1933–1935 (for the 1934–35 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
* Longest pre-war Production coupe – ((convert|6096|mm|1|abbr=on)) (20 produced) – 1933–1935 (for the 1934–35 model years) [[Cadillac V-16]]
* Longest pre-war Limited production convertible – ((convert|6401|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1932 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Weinberger]]
* Longest pre-war Limited production coupe – ((convert|6401|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1931 [[Bugatti Royale|Bugatti Royale Kellner]]
* Widest pre-war – ((convert|2100|mm|1|abbr=on)) 1938–43 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]] (armoured)
* Widest pre-war front track – ((convert|1626|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1938–43 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]]
* Widest pre-war rear track – ((convert|1676|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1938–43 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]]
* Tallest pre-war production car – ((convert|2550|mm|1|abbr=on)) – 1904–09 [[Fiat 60 HP]]
* Heaviest pre-war curb weight – ((convert|4800|kg|lb|0|abbr=on)) – 1938–43 [[Mercedes-Benz 770|Mercedes-Benz 770 W150]] (armoured)
* Largest pre-war limited production car [[inline-four engine]] ((convert|28.3|litre|in3|abbr=on|0)) 1911 [[Fiat S76 Record]]<ref name=teamdan-s76>((cite web|title=Fiat S76|url=http://www.teamdan.com/archive/cars/fiat/fiat_s76.html|work=teamdan.com|access-date=2012-10-22))</ref><ref name="Fiat S76 #1 28.3 liter 1911">((cite web|title=Fiat S76 (#1) 28.3 liter 1911|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/mrscharroo/6856929112/in/set-72157630208384378|work=flickr.com|date=January 1911|access-date=2012-10-22))</ref>
* Largest pre-war [[straight-6]] – ((convert|9120|cc|in3|abbr=on|0)) – 1920-28 [[Renault 40CV|Reanault 40CV]]
* Largest pre-war limited production [[straight-8]] – ((convert|14726|cc|in3|abbr=on|0)) – 1927 [[Bugatti Royale]]
* Largest pre-war [[V8 engine|V8]] – ((convert|14700|cc|in3|abbr=on|0)) – 1910–12 [[De Dion-Bouton]]
* Largest pre-war [[V12 engine|V12]] – ((convert|13514|cc|in3|abbr=on|0)) – 1912 [[Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company|Pierce-Arrow]]
* Largest pre-war [[V16 engine|V16]] – ((convert|8048|cc|in3|abbr=on|0)) – 1930–33 (for the 1931–33 model years) [[Marmon Motor Car Company|Marmon]] Series 16

==See also==
*[[List of largest machines]] (including land vehicles)
*[[Units of measurement]]
**[[International System of Units]]
**[[United States customary units]]
**[[Imperial units]]
*[[Power (physics)|Power]]
*[[Torque]]
*[[Mass]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((DEFAULTSORT:Automotive Superlatives))
[[Category:Car-related lists|Superlatives]]
[[Category:Transport-related lists of superlatives|Automobiles]]
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