A biobank is a physical place which stores biological specimens. In some cases, participant data is also collected and stored. Access policies details may vary across biobanks but generally involve obtaining ethics approval from institutional review boards (IRB) and scientific review or peer review approval from the institutions under which the biobanks operate as well as Ethics approval from the institutions where the research projects will be undertaken. The samples and data are safeguarded so that researchers can use them in experiments deemed adequate. This article contains a list of biobanks.[citation needed]

Classification

Biobanks can be classified in several ways. Some examples of how they can be classified is by their controlling entity (government, commercial enterprise, or private research institution), by their geographical location, or by what sorts of samples they collect.

Biobanks may be classified by purpose or design. Disease-oriented biobanks usually have a hospital affiliation through which they collect samples representing a variety of diseases, perhaps to look for biomarkers affiliated with disease.[1] Population-based biobanks need no particular hospital affiliation because they sample from large numbers of all kinds of people, perhaps to look for biomarkers for disease susceptibility in a general population.[2]

List of biobanks
Biobank Affiliation Focus Type Location Founding Notes
All of Us Population non-profit United States
Autism Genetic Resource Exchange Autism Speaks Autism non-profit North America and Asia
Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children University of Bristol non-profit United Kingdom 1990 [3][4]
BioBank Graz Medical University of Graz non-profit Austria [5]
BioBank Japan RIKEN, University of Tokyo Population, personalized medicine non-profit Japan 2003 [6]
Canadian Biosample Repository University of Alberta non-profit Canada
CARTaGENE biobank Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine non-profit Quebec 2009 [7][8]
Cooperative Human Tissue Network Cancer government USA 1987
Coriell Institute for Medical Research Genetic Disorders, rare diseases, Stem Cells non-profit United States 1953
DeCODE genetics commercial Iceland [9]
Estonian Genome Project University of Tartu non-profit Estonia 2000
EuroBioBank Rare diseases non-profit Europe
FINBB Population non-profit Finland [10]
FinnGen Population, disease focused public-private Finland 2017 [11]
Generation Scotland NHS Scotland government Scotland 1999 [12][13]
Genomics England Rare diseases, cancer public-private England 2013 [14]
HUNT Biobank Norwegian University of Science and Technology non-profit Norway 2002
Integrated Biobank of Luxembourg Luxembourg Institute of Health Cancer, immunology Luxembourg
Interdisziplinäre Biomaterial- und Datenbank Würzburg University of Würzburg & Universitätsklinikum Würzburg public agency Würzburg, Germany 2013 [15]
Kaiser Permanente Research Bank Kaiser Permanente Population United States 2016[16] [17]
Lifelines University of Groningen & University Medical Centre Groningen Healthy aging non-profit Groningen, The Netherlands 2006
Million Veterans Project United States Department of Veterans Affairs American veterans non-profit United States [18]
MyCode Geisinger Health System Electronic health records, personalized medicine commercial Pennsylvania, United States 2007 [19]
nPOD University of Florida, JDRF Diabetes non-profit United States 2007 [20]
PATH Biobank Breast cancer non-profit Germany 2002
Plasma Services Group Autoimmune, Infectious, Coagulation, Diagnostics[21] commercial United States 2017
Sapien Biosciences Apollo Hospitals & Saarum Innovations Population, with special focus on tailoring treatment for Cancer private India (headquartered in Hyderabad) 2012 [22]
Signature biobank [fr] Research centre of the Montreal Mental Health Institute Mental health non-profit Canada (Quebec) 2012 [23]
The Malaysian Cohort National University of Malaysia non-profit Malaysia 2003
Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Tohoku University, Iwate Medical University Population, Birth and Three-Generation non-profit Japan 2012 [24][25]
UK Biobank non-profit United Kingdom 2006 [26]
Biobank Sweden Health and Social Care Inspectorate Collaborative biobank infrastructure (nearly 250 biobanks) government Sweden 2017 [27][28]

References

  1. ^ Bevilacqua, G.; Bosman, F.; Dassesse, T.; Höfler, H.; Janin, A.; Langer, R.; Larsimont, D.; Morente, M. M.; Riegman, P.; Schirmacher, P.; Stanta, G.; Zatloukal, K.; Caboux, E.; Hainaut, P. (2010). "The role of the pathologist in tissue banking: European Consensus Expert Group Report". Virchows Archiv. 456 (4): 449–454. doi:10.1007/s00428-010-0887-7. PMC 2852521. PMID 20157825.
  2. ^ Riegman, P. H. J.; Morente, M. M.; Betsou, F.; De Blasio, P.; Geary, P.; Marble Arch International Working Group on Biobanking for Biomedical Research (2008). "Biobanking for better healthcare". Molecular Oncology. 2 (3): 213–222. doi:10.1016/j.molonc.2008.07.004. PMC 5527804. PMID 19383342.
  3. ^ Boyd, A.; Golding, J.; Macleod, J.; Lawlor, D. A.; Fraser, A.; Henderson, J.; Molloy, L.; Ness, A.; Ring, S.; Davey Smith, G. (16 April 2012). "Cohort Profile: The 'Children of the 90s'--the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children". International Journal of Epidemiology. 42 (1): 111–127. doi:10.1093/ije/dys064. PMC 3600618. PMID 22507743.
  4. ^ Levitt, Mairi (2011). "Relating to Participants: How Close Do Biobanks and Donors Really Want to Be?". Health Care Analysis. 19 (3): 220–230. doi:10.1007/s10728-011-0193-9. PMID 21915714. S2CID 13953737.
  5. ^ "About Biobank Graz". Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  6. ^ Nagai, Akiko; Hirata, Makoto; Kamatani, Yoichiro; Muto, Kaori; Matsuda, Koichi; Kiyohara, Yutaka; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Tamakoshi, Akiko; Yamagata, Zentaro; Mushiroda, Taisei; Murakami, Yoshinori (March 2017). "Overview of the BioBank Japan Project: Study design and profile". Journal of Epidemiology. 27 (3): S2–S8. doi:10.1016/j.je.2016.12.005. PMC 5350590. PMID 28189464.
  7. ^ Awadalla, Philip; Catherine Boileau; Yves Payette; Youssef Idaghour; Jean-Philippe Goulet; Bartha Knoppers; Pavel Hamet; Claude Laberge (October 15, 2012). "Cohort profile of the CARTaGENE study: Quebec's population-based biobank for public health and personalized genomics". International Journal of Epidemiology. 42 (5): 1285–99. doi:10.1093/ije/dys160. PMID 23071140.
  8. ^ "Cartagene". cartagene.qc.ca. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  9. ^ "From Genes to Drugs". decode.com. deCODE genetics. Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-05-04.
  10. ^ "FinBioBank". Retrieved 2019-11-23.
  11. ^ "FinnGen-tutkimushanke vie suomalaiset löytöretkelle genomitietoon | Drupal". finngen.fi. Retrieved 2019-11-23.
  12. ^ Smith BH, Campbell H, Blackwood D, et al. (2006). "Generation Scotland: the Scottish Family Health Study; a new resource for researching genes and heritability". BMC Medical Genetics. 7: 74. doi:10.1186/1471-2350-7-74. PMC 1592477. PMID 17014726.
  13. ^ Macleod AK, Liewald DC, McGilchrist MM, Morris AD, Kerr SM, Porteous DJ (February 2009). "Some principles and practices of genetic biobanking studies". The European Respiratory Journal. 33 (2): 419–25. doi:10.1183/09031936.00043508. PMID 19181915.
  14. ^ "Genomics England | 100,000 Genomes Project". Retrieved 2019-11-23.
  15. ^ "Interdisziplinäre Biomaterial- und Datenbank Würzburg". ukw.de. Retrieved 2022-10-13.
  16. ^ "Kaiser Permanente Research Bank Collects Genetic and Environmental Data to Improve Health and Care Delivery". Kaiser Permanente. 11 April 2018.
  17. ^ "Kaiser Permanente Research Bank". Kaiser Permanente. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  18. ^ Gaziano, John Michael; Concato, John; Brophy, Mary; Fiore, Louis; Pyarajan, Saiju; Breeling, James; Whitbourne, Stacey; Deen, Jennifer; Shannon, Colleen; Humphries, Donald; Guarino, Peter (February 2016). "Million Veteran Program: A mega-biobank to study genetic influences on health and disease". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 70: 214–223. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.09.016. PMID 26441289.
  19. ^ Carey, David J.; Fetterolf, Samantha N.; Davis, F. Daniel; Faucett, William A.; Kirchner, H. Lester; Mirshahi, Uyenlinh; Murray, Michael F.; Smelser, Diane T.; Gerhard, Glenn S.; Ledbetter, David H. (2016). "The Geisinger MyCode community health initiative: an electronic health record–linked biobank for precision medicine research". Genetics in Medicine. Elsevier BV. 18 (9): 906–913. doi:10.1038/gim.2015.187. ISSN 1098-3600. PMC 4981567. PMID 26866580.
  20. ^ "JDRF nPOD | Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes". jdrfnpod.org. Retrieved 2016-09-22.
  21. ^ "Plasma Services Group - The Difference is in The Data". Plasma Services Group. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
  22. ^ "Sapien Biosciences | Asia's first biobank led CDx & phenotypic drug discovery company". Retrieved 2020-11-19.
  23. ^ "Banque Signature | Accès aux données et aux biospécimens". Banque Signature (in French). Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  24. ^ "ToMMo ｜ Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization". ToMMo ｜ Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization (in Japanese). 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  25. ^ "IWATE TOHOKU MEDICAL MEGABANK ORGANIZATION". IWATE TOHOKU MEDICAL MEGABANK ORGANIZATION (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-01-05.
  26. ^ "UK Biobank". Retrieved 2019-11-23.
  27. ^ "Guide to Biobanks in Sweden" (PDF). biobanksverige.se. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  28. ^ "About Biobank Sweden". biobanksverige.se. Retrieved 2023-03-03.

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