Graves and monuments in the Tikhvin Cemetery

Tikhvin Cemetery (Russian: Тихвинское кладбище) is a historic cemetery in the centre of Saint Petersburg. It is part of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and contains a large number of burials, including many notable Russian figures. It is administered by the State Museum of Urban Sculpture [ru], which refers to it as the Necropolis of the Masters of Art (Russian: Некрополь мастеров искусств).

During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries it was a popular burial site for statesmen and military personnel. Among those buried here were naval officers Fyodor Dubasov, Yuri Lisyansky, Pyotr Ricord, Zinovy Rozhestvensky and Alexei Senyavin; army officers Apostol Kostanda, Nikolay Leontiev, Valerian Madatov and Alexander Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky; and statesmen Alexander Abaza, Dmitry Bludov, Pavel Demidov, Ivan Durnovo, Mikhail Speransky and Pyotr Valuyev. Relatively few of these graves have survived to the present day. Scientists Sergey Lebedev and Ivan Tarkhanov were also buried here.

The cemetery is most famous for its representatives from the arts world, some of whom were originally buried here, while others were reinterred here during the Soviet period. Composers and musicians buried in the cemetery include Alexander Borodin, César Cui, Alexander Dargomyzhsky, Alexander Glazunov, Mikhail Glinka, Modest Mussorgsky, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Anton Rubinstein and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Actors and performers Varvara Asenkova, Nikolay Cherkasov, Vera Komissarzhevskaya, Marius Petipa and Georgy Tovstonogov are buried here, as are painters and sculptors Mikhail Avilov, Vasily Demut-Malinovsky, Alexander Ivanov, Ivan Kramskoi, Boris Kustodiev and Ivan Shishkin. Luminaries from the world of literature represented in the cemetery include Yevgeny Baratynsky, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Ivan Gorbunov, Nikolay Karamzin, Ivan Krylov and Vladimir Stasov.

Establishment

The plan of the cemetery as it was in 1914

The cemetery opened in 1823 to relieve overcrowding in the monastery's Lazarevskoe Cemetery. Initially called the "New Lazarevsky" (Russian: Ново-Лазаревским), it quickly expanded to cover a large area. Its cemetery church was consecrated in 1871 in the name of the icon of the Tikhvin Mother of God, from which the cemetery took its name.[1][2][3] Burials initially took place in the eastern part of the cemetery, and in 1826 the writer Nikolay Karamzin was buried in the cemetery, followed in 1833 by Nikolay Gnedich, a contemporary of Alexander Pushkin's.[4][5][6] From then on a number of figures associated with the arts' world were buried there, including Pushkin's contemporaries Ivan Krylov, Pyotr Vyazemsky, Pyotr Pletnyov, and Alexey Olenin.[4][7] In 1844 another contemporary poet of Pushkin's, Yevgeny Baratynsky, was buried in the cemetery.[8]

Over time the cemetery became a popular and prestigious burial ground for those of many areas of society. The wealthy merchant A.I. Kosikovsky was buried under a monumental sarcophagus on a high pedestal surmounted by a canopy on eight fluted columns.[4] Opposite it stood a similarly grand monument to the statesman Pavel Demidov, which has since been lost.[4] In 1857 the remains of the composer Mikhail Glinka were returned from Berlin and buried in the cemetery, with a grand monument erected two years later to the design of architect I. I. Gornostayev, with sculptures by Nikolay Laveretsky.[4][9] On 1 February 1881 the author Fyodor Dostoevsky was buried in the cemetery, with a similarly large monument.[4][10] During the 1880s composers Modest Mussorgsky and Alexander Borodin were buried in the northern part of the grounds, with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky following in 1891.[4][11][12][13]

By the beginning of the 20th century the Tikhvin cemetery contained 1,325 monuments of various designs and sizes, including monumental crosses on pedestals, sarcophagi and steles.[2] There were several family plots with chapels and large crypts of granite and marble.[2]

Soviet necropolis

Actor Nikolay Cherkasov, one of the few people to be accorded the honour of a burial in the cemetery after the 1950s

During the early Soviet period a number of monuments were stolen or destroyed. The cemetery was officially closed for burials in 1927, though they continued until 1932, and it was decided to turn it into a necropolis museum, displaying historically and artistically significant graves.[2][1] Alongside this was concept of gathering together the graves of the friends and contemporaries of Alexander Pushkin for the 1937 centenary commemorations of the poet's death. The architectural and planning department of Lensovet [ru], the city administration, was tasked with creating a memorial park project.[2] Plans were drawn up by architects E.N. Sandler and E.K. Reimers, with further input from the city's chief architect L.A. Ilyin.[2] The Funeral Affair Trust was established to run the necropolis museum, including removing abandoned gravestones for sale as building materials.[4] The reconstruction radically altered the nature and appearance of the Tikhvin cemetery. With the intention being to create an "artists' necropolis", graves of those from other sections of society were removed. Fewer than a hundred of the original monuments were preserved.[2] Meanwhile, the remains of prominent artists, sculptors, composers and musicians were reburied in the cemetery. Among them were personal friends of Pushkin, including Konstantin Danzas, Anton Delvig, and Fyodor Matyushkin.[2]

The organisers were faced with the problem that despite designating the cemetery to be the artists' necropolis, historically the Tikhvin had primarily been the burial ground of statesmen, military leaders, scientists, and composers.[4] There were relatively few graves of writers, who had tended to prefer the Smolensky Cemetery; or artists, who had traditionally chosen the Nikolskoe or Novodevichy Cemetery.[4] This necessitated the transfer of a large number of burials and monuments, which took place in two main periods, from 1936 to 1941 and from 1948 to 1952.[4] There were also several burials of prominent Soviet citizens, as the cemetery gained the status of an urban pantheon.[2] Those buried here included the scientist Sergey Lebedev in 1934, artist Mikhail Avilov in 1954, and actor Nikolay Cherkasov in 1966. In 1972 the remains of the composer Alexander Glazunov were transferred from Paris.[2] In 1968 Fyodor Dostoevsky's wife Anna Dostoevskaya was reburied next to her husband, while theatre director Georgy Tovstonogov was interred in the cemetery in 1989. So far Tovstonogov's has been the last burial to take place in the cemetery.[2][4]

Military

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Konstantin Danzas 1801 1870 Military officer, Major General, friend of Alexander Pushkin. Originally buried in the Vyborg Roman Catholic cemetery [ru], transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not the original. [14]
Fyodor Dubasov 1845 1912 Naval officer, admiral, Pacific Ocean Squadron, Moscow uprising of 1905, Governor-General of Moscow. [15]
Yuri Lisyansky 1773 1837 Naval officer and explorer, first Russian circumnavigation of the Earth. [16]
Valerian Madatov 1782 1829 Military officer, lieutenant general, Russo-Turkish War, Russo-Persian War. Monument is not original. [17]
Fyodor Matyushkin 1799 1872 Naval officer, admiral, explorer, associate of Alexander Pushkin. Ferdinand von Wrangel, Russo-Turkish War, Chairman of the Naval Scientific Committee, senator. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1950. [18]
Alexander Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky 1789 1848 Military officer, Lieutenant General, senator, military writer, historian and author. [19]
Pyotr Ricord 1776 1855 Naval officer, admiral, traveller, scientist, diplomat, writer, shipbuilder, statesman, and public figure. [20]
Zinovy Rozhestvensky 1848 1909 Naval officer, admiral, Russo-Japanese War, Second Pacific Squadron, Battle of Tsushima. [21]
Alexander Sablukov 1783 1857 Military officer, Lieutenant General, engineer and inventor. Centrifugal fan, centrifugal pump. [22]
Alexei Senyavin 1716 1797 Naval officer, admiral, Russo-Turkish War, Admiralty Board. Originally buried in the Lazarevskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1831. [23]

Scientists

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Sergey Lebedev 1874 1934 Chemist, inventor of polybutadiene synthetic rubber. Women's Pedagogical Institute, Saint Petersburg Academy for Military Medicine, Soviet Academy of Sciences, Order of Lenin. [24]
Ivan Tarkhanov 1846 1908 Physiologist and science populariser. Head of the Department of Physiology at the Academy of Military Medicine, discovery of the skin galvanic reflex, influence of X-rays on the central nervous system, animal behavior, the heart and circulation, and embryonic development. [25]

Statesmen and politicians

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Alexander Abaza 1821 1895 Liberal advisor of Alexander II of Russia. Minister of finance, State Comptroller, chairman of State Council's Department of the State Economy. [26]
Dmitry Bludov 1785 1864 Statesman, Deputy Education Minister, Minister of Justice, Minister of the Interior, Chief of the Second Section, President of the Academy of Sciences, Chairman of the State Council. Founding member of the Arzamas Society, Ambassador to Britain. [27]
Pavel Demidov 1798 1840 Statesman, noble, military officer, battle of Borodino, governor of Kursk province, founder of the Demidov Prize, State Councillor. [28]
Ivan Durnovo 1835 1903 Statesman, Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Governor of Chernigov Governorate and Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Deputy Minister of Interior. [29]
Pyotr Kikin 1775 1834 Statesman, military officer, general. Battle of Borodino, Battle of Lützen. Secretary of State, chairman of the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, member of the Free Economic Society. [19]
Alexey Olenin 1763 1843 Military officer, artist, archaeologist, historian and writer, director of the Imperial Public Library, president of the Imperial Academy of Arts. [7]
Dmitry Sipyagin 1853 1902 Statesman, Governor of Courland and Governor of Moscow. Deputy of the Minister of State Property, Deputy of the Minister of Interior, Executive Director on the petitions of the Imperial Chancellery, Director of the Ministry of Interior, Minister of Interior. [30]
Mikhail Speransky 1772 1839 Statesman, reformist, Government reform of Alexander I, Governor of Penza, and Governor-General of Siberia, codification of Russian law. [31]
Pyotr Valuyev 1815 1890 Statesman, writer. Minister of State Assets, Chairman of the Council of Ministers. [32]
Alexander Yakovlev 1762 1825 Chamberlain, cavalier, actual state councilor. Chief Procurator of the Most Holy Synod. [33]

Architects

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Vasily Stasov 1769 1848 Architect, Gruzino estate, Pushkin Lyceum, Chinese Village, Office of the Police Chief. Transfiguration and Trinity cathedrals, Moscow and Narva Gates. [34]


Composers and musicians

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Vasily Andreyev 1861 1918 Composer, musician, balalaika, traditional folk music and instruments. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [35]
Anton Arensky 1861 1906 Composer, pianist, Romantic classical music, professor of music. [36]
Alexander Arkhangelsky 1846 1924 Composer, conductor, Church music. Originally buried in Prague, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1925. [37]
Mily Balakirev 1837 1910 Composer, pianist, conductor. Musical nationalism, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Mikhail Glinka. [38]
Mitrofan Belyayev 1836 1904 Music publisher, philanthropist. Founder of the Belyayev circle. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [39]
Alexander Borodin 1833 1887 Romantic composer, "The Mighty Handful", In the Steppes of Central Asia, Prince Igor. Noted chemist, organic synthesis, nucleophilic substitution, co-discoverer of the aldol reaction. [13]
Dmitry Bortniansky 1751 1825 Composer, harpsichordist and conductor. Liturgical works and choral concertos. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. Monument is not original. [40]
Angiolina Bosio 1830 1859 Operatic soprano, works of Giuseppe Verdi. Originally buried in the Vyborg Roman Catholic cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. [41]
Catterino Cavos 1775 1840 Operatic composer, organist and conductor, father of Alberto Cavos. Opera Ivan Susanin. Originally buried in the Volkovo Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [42]
César Cui 1835 1918 Composer and music critic, member of the Belyayev circle and The Five. Army officer, Engineer-General, fortifications. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [43]
Alexander Dargomyzhsky 1813 1869 Composer, operas Esmeralda, Rusalka, The Stone Guest. Original monument destroyed in a hurricane in 1955. New monument installed in 1961. [44]
Alexander Glazunov 1865 1936 Composer, music teacher, conductor of the late Russian Romantic period. Director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. Originally buried in France, monument installed in 1951. Reburied in the Tikhvin in 1972, monument transferred in 1975. [45]
Mikhail Glinka 1804 1857 Composer, Ruslan and Lyudmila. Initially buried in Berlin. [9]
Herman Laroche 1835 1904 Composer, music critic, Saint Petersburg Conservatory, professor of music history and theory at the Moscow Conservatory. Monument is not original. [46]
Grigory Lishin 1854 1888 Composer, poet, theatre critic. Operas Graf Nulin and Tsigane. Monument is not original. [47]
Anatoly Lyadov 1855 1914 Composer, teacher and conductor. Originally buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [48]
Ivan Melnikov 1832 1906 Baritone opera singer. Mariinsky Theatre, operas of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Originally buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [49]
Modest Mussorgsky 1839 1881 Composer, one of "The Five". Opera Boris Godunov, Night on Bald Mountain, Pictures at an Exhibition. [12]
Osip Petrov 1806 1878 Operatic bass-baritone, Mariinsky Theatre. Originally buried at the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [50]
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov 1844 1908 Composer, member of The Five. Capriccio Espagnol, Russian Easter Festival Overture, Scheherazade. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [51]
Anton Rubinstein 1829 1894 Pianist, composer and conductor. Founded the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. Monument is not original. [52]
Alexander Serov 1820 1871 Composer and music critic. Operas Judith and Rogneda. [53]
Pyotr Tchaikovsky 1840 1893 Composer. Swan Lake, Eugene Onegin, The Queen of Spades, The Seasons. [11]
Aleksandr Verzhbilovich 1850 1911 Classical cellist. Saint Petersburg Conservatory, Russian Imperial Opera Orchestra, Saint Petersburg String Quartet. Monument is not original. [54]
Anna Yesipova 1851 1914 Pianist. Royal Prussian Court Pianist, Professor at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1948. Monument is not original. [55]

Actors, actresses and dancers

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Varvara Asenkova 1817 1841 Stage actress, Imperial Theatres. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument bust destroyed by bomb in 1943 during the siege of Leningrad. Replaced with a copy in 1955. [56]
Nikolay Cherkasov 1903 1966 Actor, People's Artist of the USSR. Mariinsky Theatre, Bolshoi Theatre, Young Spectator's Theatre. Films of Sergei Eisenstein, Alexander Nevsky, Ivan the Terrible, Stalin Prize. [57]
Ivan Dmitrevsky 1734 1821 Actor, Russian Neoclassicism, tragedian. Plays of Alexander Sumarokov, Russian Academy. Originally buried in the Volkovsky Orthodox cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. Monument is not original. [58]
Pyotr Karatygin 1805 1879 Actor, playwright. Woe from Wit, head of Drama department in Theatre College. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [59]
Vasily Karatygin 1802 1853 Actor, Russian Romanticism. Bolshoi Theatre, Alexandrinsky Theatre. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [59]
Eugenia Kolosova 1780 1869 Ballerina, Imperial Theatres. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [60]
Vera Komissarzhevskaya 1864 1910 Actress and theatre manager. Alexandrinsky Theatre. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [61]
Vera Michurina-Samoilova 1866 1948 Actress, People's Artist of the USSR. Alexandrinsky Theatre. Light Without Heat, A Month in the Country, The Cherry Orchard, Intrigue and Love. USSR State Prize, Order of Lenin. [62]
Marius Petipa 1818 1910 Ballet dancer, pedagogue and choreographer. Imperial Ballet. The Pharaoh's Daughter, Le Réveil de Flore, Raymonda. Originally buried in the Volkovo Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1948, monument installed in 1988. [63]
Vasily Samoylov 1813 1887 Stage actor, opera singer, Alexandrinsky Theatre. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [64]
Nikolai Sazonov 1843 1902 Stage actor, opera singer, Alexandrinsky Theatre. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [65]
Ekaterina Semenova 1786 1849 Actress. Originally buried in the Mitrofanyevsky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [66]
Nymphodora Semenova 1787 1876 Opera singer, Imperial Theatres. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [67]
Fyodor Stravinsky 1843 1902 Bass opera singer and actor, father of Igor Stravinsky. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [68]
Polina Strepetova 1850 1903 Stage actress, tragic roles. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [69]
Georgy Tovstonogov 1915 1989 Theatre director, Tovstonogov Bolshoi Drama Theater, People's Artist of the USSR. Three Stalin Prizes, two Orders of Lenin, The Profession of the Stage-Director. [70]
Ivan Yershov 1867 1943 Opera singer, tenor, Mariinsky Theatre. Originally buried in Tashkent, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1956. [71]

Artists and painters

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Mikhail Avilov 1882 1954 Painter, member of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, Stalin Prize, People's Artist of the RSFSR, Leningrad School of Painting. [72]
Alexey Bogolyubov 1824 1896 Landscape painter, Imperial Academy of Arts. Originally buried in the Malokhtinsky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin prior to 1941. [73]
Fyodor Bruni 1799 1875 Artist and painter, Imperial Academy of Arts, Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze, Accademia di San Luca. Originally buried in the Vyborg Roman Catholic Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [74]
Vasily Demut-Malinovsky 1779 1846 Sculptor, Empire style, Imperial Academy of Arts Kazan Cathedral, Alexander Column, General Staff Building, Bourse, Admiralty, Mining Institute, Narva Gate, Mikhailovsky Palace. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1940. [75]
Pavel Fedotov 1815 1852 Amateur painter, the "Russian Hogarth". Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. Monument is not original. [76]
Konstantin Flavitsky 1830 1866 Painter, Imperial Academy of Arts. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [77]
Alexander Ivanov 1806 1858 Painter, neoclassicism, The Appearance of Christ Before the People. Originally buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1940. [78]
Peter Clodt von Jürgensburg 1805 1867 Sculptor, Horse Tamers on the Anichkov Bridge, statuary of the Narva Triumphal Gate, quadriga above the portico of the Bolshoi Theatre, Monument to Nicholas I. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original, and dates from the 1840s. [79]
Alexei Korzukhin 1835 1894 Genre painter, Imperial Academy of Fine Arts, Realism, Peredvizhniki, Artel of Artists, teacher at the Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1940. Monument is not original. [80]
Ivan Kramskoi 1837 1887 Painter and art critic, Peredvizhniki, Artel of Artists, Christ in the Desert. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1939. Monument is not original. [81]
Arkhip Kuindzhi 1842 1910 Landscape painter, realist, Peredvizhniki, Imperial Academy of Arts. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1952. [82]
Boris Kustodiev 1878 1927 Painter and stage designer, Imperial Academy of Arts. The Beauty, Portrait of Chaliapin. [83]
Boris Orlovsky 1796 1837 Neoclassical sculptor. Statues of Kutuzov and Barclay de Tolly at the Kazan Cathedral, angel on the Alexander Column. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [84]
Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva 1871 1955 Artist, watercolor painting. Pioneer of the woodcut technique. Mir iskusstva. [85]
Stepan Pimenov 1784 1833 Sculptor, Imperial Academy of Arts, Kazan Cathedral, Imperial Porcelain Factory, Mining Institute, Admiralty building, General Staff Building. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936, monument erected in 1939. [86]
Nikolai Pimenov 1812 1864 Sculptor, Imperial Academy of Arts, Saint Isaac's Cathedral. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936, monument erected in 1939. [87]
Luigi Premazzi 1814 1891 Painter, mainly of watercolor vedute. Originally buried in the Vyborg Roman Catholic Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1940. [88]
Ivan Shishkin 1832 1898 Landscape painter, Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, Imperial Academy of Arts. Peredvizhniki, Morning in a Pine Forest. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1950. [89]
Nikolai Utkin 1780 1863 Graphic artist, engraver and illustrator, curator of prints at the Hermitag, superintendent of the museum at the Imperial Academy of Arts. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [90]
Alexander Varnek 1782 1843 Portrait painter, professor and advisor at the Imperial Academy of Arts. Originally buried in the Smolensky Lutheran Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [91]
Ivan Vitali 1794 1855 Sculptor, Imperial Academy of Arts. Statues for Triumphal Arch of Moscow, fountain of the Bolshoi Theatre, bas-reliefs above the doors of Saint Isaac's Cathedral, outdoor bronze statue of Emperor Paul in Gatchina. Originally buried in the Volkovo Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [92]
Maksim Vorobyov 1787 1855 Landscape painter. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. [93]
Alexei Yegorov c. 1776 1851 Painter, draftsman and professor of history painting. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [94]

Writers and poets

Image Name Born Died Occupation Monument Reference
Yevgeny Baratynsky 1800 1844 Elegiac poet. Symbolism. [8]
Anton Delvig 1798 1831 Poet, journalist, friend of Alexander Pushkin. Neoclassicism, Russian folk songs. Editor of Northern Flowers and Literaturnaya Gazeta. Originally buried in the Volkovo Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1934. [95]
Fyodor Dostoevsky 1821 1881 Novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist and philosopher. Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, The Brothers Karamazov, Notes from Underground. [10]
Anna Dostoevskaya 1846 1918 Memoirist, philatelist, stenographer, assistant, and the second wife of Fyodor Dostoevsky. Anna Dostoyevskaya's Diary, Memoirs of Anna Dostoyevskaya. [10]
Nikolay Gnedich 1784 1833 Poet and translator, The Fishers, translation of the Iliad. [6]
Ivan Gorbunov 1831 1896 Writer and stage actor, forefather of Russian "literary theatre", Maly Theatre, Alexandrinsky Theatre, Scenes from the People's Life, theatre historian. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is from 1951. [96]
Alexander Izmaylov 1779 1831 Fabulist, poet, novelist, publisher, pedagogue, vice-governor of Tver and Arkhangelsk Governorates. Russian Enlightenment. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original, but typical of the 1830s. [97]
Nikolay Karamzin 1766 1826 Writer, poet, historian and critic. History of the Russian State. [5]
Evtikhy Karpov 1857 1926 Playwright and theatre director. Early Autumn, Alexandrinsky Theatre, Griboyedov Prize, Meritorious Theatre Director of the Republic. Originally buried in the Nikolskoe Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in 1936. Monument is not original. [98]
Ivan Kozlov 1779 1840 Romantic poet and translator. [99]
Ivan Krylov 1769 1844 Fabulist, dramatist and journalist. [100]
Elisabeth Kulmann 1808 1825 Poet and translator. Originally buried in the Smolensky Cemetery, transferred to the Tikhvin in the 1930s. [101]
Pyotr Pletnyov 1792 1866 Poet and literary critic, dean of Saint Petersburg University, academician of Petersburg Academy of Sciences, friend of Alexander Pushkin, editor of Sovremennik. Monument is not original. [102]
Nikolay Shcherbina 1821 1869 Poet, Grecheskie stikhotvoreniya. [103]
Vladimir Stasov 1824 1906 Critic, Imperial Academy of Arts, honorary fellow of the Russian Academy of Sciences. [104]
Pyotr Vyazemsky 1792 1878 Poet, Golden Age of Russian Poetry, Romanticism. Friend of Alexander Pushkin. Monument is not original. [105]
Vasily Zhukovsky 1783 1852 Poet, writer, translator, Arzamas Society, friend of Alexander Pushkin. [106]

References

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59°55′22″N 30°23′11″E / 59.922829°N 30.386317°E / 59.922829; 30.386317

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