Historical Demographics

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Demographic history
Historical demography
World population estimates
List of Countries by Population
1 1000 1500

This is a list of countries by population in 1000. The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 12 to 14, which cover population figures from the year 1000 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, mostly Angus Maddison.

Country/Territory Population c. 1000 estimate Percentage of World Population
  World[1] 390,000,000 [notes 1] –
Song China[2] 32,500,000–80,000,000 19.23%
Chola Empire
subdivisions
 4,000,000– 20,000,000 1.03%-5.13%
Pala Empire Less than 16,000,000–17,000,000[3] 4.10%-4.36%
Holy Roman Empire
subdivisions
 11,300,000–12,700,000[6] 3.26%
Fatimid Caliphate[7][8]
subdivisions
 12,500,000 3.2051%
Eastern Roman Empire[9][10]
subdivisions
 12,000,000 3.08%
Western Chalukya Empire
subordinate dynasties
 9,000,000–10,000,000 2.44%
Buyid Persia
subdivisions
    • Iran: 4,500,000[3]
    • Iraq: 2,000,000 – 4,000,000 [3]
 6,500,000–8,500,000 2.18%
Khitan Liao[12][13][14][15] 5,250,000–7,750,000 1.99%
Kingdom of France[5] 7,200,000 1.8%
Heian period (Japan)[16] 7,000,000 1.79%
Al-Andalus
subdivisions
    • Spain – 4,500,000[5]
    • Morocco – 2,500,000[3]
 Less than 7,000,000 1.79%
Gurjara-Pratihara empire[4]
subdivisions
 6,000,000–7,000,000 1.79%
Kievan Rus'[17] 5,400,000 1.38%
Goryeo[18] 3,000,000–5,000,000 0.77%-1.28%
Toltec Empire
subdivisions
    • Mexico – 4,500,000[3]
 4,500,000 1.15%
Khmer Empire[8][notes 2]
subdivisions
    • Angkor – 761,663[19]
 4,000,000 1.0%
Wari Empire
subdivisions
    • Peru – 3,000,000[3]
 3,000,000 0.77%
Bulgarian Empire[8][20]
subdivisions
 2,087,000 0.54%
Makuria
subdivisions
    • Northern Sudan – 2,000,000[3]
 2,000,000 0.51%
Pagan Kingdom[21] 1,500,000-2,000,000 0.38%-0.51%
Principality of Hungary[22] 1,250,000 0.32%
Kingdom of England[23][24] 1,250,000 0.32%
Early Lê dynasty (Đại Việt) [25] 1,200,000 0.31%
Poland[26] 1,000,000 0.26%
Alodia
subdivisions
    • Central and Southern Sudan – 1,000,000[3]
 1,000,000 0.26%
Zagwe Kingdom
subdivisions
    • Ethiopia – 1,000,000[3]
 1,000,000 0.26%
Duchy of Bohemia[8] 900,000 0.23%
High Kingship of Ireland[23] 630,000 0.15%
Kingdom of Denmark[23] 620,000 0.13%
Kingdom of Croatia[8] 412,000 0.11%
Kingdom of Sweden[23] 400,000 0.10%
Kingdom of Scotland[23] 300,000 0.08%
Duchy of Bosnia[8] 286,000 0.07%
Kingdom of Norway[23] 200,000 0.05%
Republic of Venice[27] 60,000 0.02%
Eastern Hemisphere Map at 1025 CE

See also

Bibliography

Notes

  1. ^ Estimates range from 250,000,000 to 400,000,000
  2. ^ Figures are for the areas of modern Laos and Cambodia. None of modern south Thailand is included.

References

  1. ^ Data from United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Archived 2014-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
    1950–2100 estimates (only medium variants shown): (a) World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Archived 2010-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
    Estimates prior to 1950: (b) "The World at Six Billion", 1999.
    Estimates from 1950 to 2100: (c) "Population of the entire world, yearly, 1950 – 2100", 2013.
    2014: (d) http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Highlights/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf "2014 World Urbanization Prospects", 2014.]
    2015: (e) http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/Key_Findings_WPP_2015.pdf "2015 World Urbanization Prospects", 2015.]
  2. ^ Yue, Shi (1982). Tai ping huan yu ji (in Chinese). Gu jiu shu dian.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Maddison 2018.
  4. ^ a b "Populations of Largest Cities in PMNs from 2000BC to 1988AD". Archived from the original (TXT) on September 29, 2007. Retrieved 2018-06-29.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Buringh 2010, p. 72.
  6. ^ The lower figure comes from adding up the constituents in Buringh's figures. The higher is the combined population of Germany (5m), Austria (0.7m), Czechia (0.9m), Belgium (0.4m), the Netherlands (0.3m), Switzerland (0.3m), Slovenia (0.158m), a quarter of France (1.62m), and two-thirds of Italy (3.4m) in Avakov, p. 9-11.
  7. ^ "Appendix B: Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 May 2010.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Avakov, Alexander V. (April 2015). Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1. Algora. ISBN 9781628941012. Retrieved 13 Oct 2017.
  9. ^ W. Treadgold, A History of the Byzantine State and Society, 570
  10. ^ "History 303: Populations". Archived from the original on 2015-08-26. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
  11. ^ The themes of Nikopolis, Hellas, Peloponnesos, Thessaloniki, Strymon, Cephalonia, and Crete.
  12. ^ Ebrey (1996), 166.
  13. ^ Crossley, Pamela Kyle (2016). "Bohai/Parhae Identity and the Coherence of Dan gur under the Kitan/Liao Empire". International Journal of Korean History. 21 (1): 11-44. doi:10.22372/ijkh.2016.21.1.11.
  14. ^ 杨军 (2007). 渤海国民族构成与分布研究 (in Chinese). Jilin: 吉林人民出版社. ISBN 978-7206055102.
  15. ^ 战继发 (2017). 黑龙江屯垦史（第1卷）. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. p. 53. ISBN 9787520113977.
  16. ^ (a) Jean-Noël Biraben, "The History of the Human Population From the First Beginnings to the Present" in "Demography: Analysis and Synthesis: A Treatise in Population" (Eds: Graziella Caselli, Jacques Vallin, Guillaume J. Wunsch) Vol 3, Chapter 66, pp 5–18, Academic Press, San Diego (2005). (b) Jean-Noël Biraben, "An Essay Concerning Mankind's Evolution", Population, Selected Papers, Vol. 4, pp. 1–13 (1980). (c) Jean-Noël Biraben, "Essai sur l'évolution du nombre des hommes", Population Vol. 34 (no. 1), pp. 13–25 (1979).
  17. ^ Б.Ц.Урланис. Рост населения в Европе (PDF) (in Russian). p. 89.
  18. ^ Injae, Lee; Miller, Owen; Jinhoon, Park; Hyun-Hae, Yi (15 December 2014). Korean History in Maps. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107098466.
  19. ^ Sarah Klassen; et al. (7 May 2021). "Diachronic modeling of the population within the medieval Greater Angkor Region settlement complex". Science Advances. 7 (19). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abf8441. PMC 8104873. PMID 33962951.
  20. ^ Euratlas Periodis Web – Map of Europe in Year 1000
  21. ^ Aung-Thwin, Michael A. (1985). Pagan: The Origins of Modern Burma. University of Hawaii Press. p. 71, 95-96. ISBN 978-0-8248-8008-8.
  22. ^ Péter Rabb, Natural conditions in the Carpathian Basin of the middle ages, 2007, p. 58
  23. ^ a b c d e f Urlanis, B T︠S︡ (1941). Rost naselenii︠a︡ v Evrope : opyt ischislenii︠a︡ [Population growth in Europe] (in Russian). Moskva: OGIZ-Gospolitizdat. OCLC 42379320.
  24. ^ "History of Wales".
  25. ^ Kiernan 2019, p. 168.
  26. ^ Jerzy Lukowski, Hubert Zawadzki, A Concise History of Poland, Cambridge University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-521-55917-0, Google Print, p.6
  27. ^ Spruyt, H. (1996). The Sovereign State and Its Competitors: An Analysis of Systems Change. Princeton University Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-691-02910-8.
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