International development aid is given by many non-private donors. The first table is based on official development assistance (ODA) figures published by the OECD for members of its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Non-DAC members included in the OECD's publishing are listed separately.

Luxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%) and Denmark (0.71%).[1] The European Union accumulated a higher portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union.[2]

The United States is a small contributor relative to GNI (0.18% 2016[3]) but is the largest single DAC donor of ODA in 2019 (US$34.6 billion), followed by Germany (0.6% GNI, US$23.8 billion), the United Kingdom (0.7%, US$19.4 billion), Japan (0.2%, US$15.5 billion) and France (0.4%, US$12.2 billion). Many providers beyond the DAC have long traditions of development cooperation. Amongst these, according to the preliminary figures for 2019 reported to the OECD, Turkey exceeded the 0.7% ODA/GNI target with 1.15%.[1]

Net official development assistance by donor

To qualify as official development assistance, a contribution must contain three elements:

  1. Be undertaken by the official sector (that is, a government or government agency);
  2. With promotion of economic development and welfare as the main objective;
  3. At concessional financial terms (that is, with favorable loan terms.)

Thus, by definition, ODA does not include private donations, nor any development loans at market rates.

The sum of contributions by EU member states, considered separately from EU institutions, was $73.80 billion.[4]

The OECD's Development Assistance Committee members' total budget reached 152.8 billion dollars and was contributed by the following donors in 2019:[1]

Development Assistance by DAC Members

Donor Total development aid Development aid per capita
[citation needed] 		% of GNI
 Australia $2.95 billion $129.92 0.22
 Austria $1.21 billion $137.59 0.27
 Belgium $2.18 billion $167.20 0.42
 Canada $6.4 billion[5] $170.25 0.27
 Czech Republic $310 million $18.85 0.13
 Denmark $2.55 billion $447.05 0.71
 EU Institutions (excl. EU members) $14.827 billion[6] $27.03
 Finland $1.13 billion $234.13 0.42
 France $12.18 billion $137.35 0.44
 Germany $23.81 billion $214.73 0.60
 Greece $310 million $25.04 0.14
 Iceland $70 million $120.29 0.27
 Ireland $940 million $151.2 0.31
 Italy $4.9 billion $63.38 0.24
 Japan $15.51 billion[7] $73.58 0.29
 Luxembourg $470 million $609.48 1.05
 Netherlands $5.29 billion $338.38 0.59
 New Zealand $560 million $90.75 0.28
 Norway $4.29 billion $812.58 1.02
 Poland $680 million $11.45 0.12
 Portugal $370 million $30.07 0.16
 Slovak Republic $130 million $16.56 0.12
 Slovenia $90 million $29.04 0.16
 South Korea $2.52 billion $37.13 0.15
 Spain $2.90 billion $34.52 0.21
 Sweden $5.40 billion $701.10 0.99
  Switzerland $3.09 billion $421.37 0.44
 United Kingdom $19.37 billion $284.85 0.50
 United States $34.62 billion $95.52 0.16

Development Assistance by Non-DAC members

Non-DAC members reported the following figures:

Donor Total development aid Development aid per capita
[citation needed] 		% of GNI
China China $38 billion [8][9][10] $27.86 0.36
 India $33 billion ($2.4 billion grants + $30.59 billion LOC)[11][12] $21.24 0.65
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates $12.24 billion $467 0.55
 Turkey[citation needed] $8.652 billion $47 1.15
Qatar Qatar $2 billion [13] $757.80 1.17
 Russia[citation needed] $1.14 billion $8 0.03
 Taiwan $502 million [14][15][16][17] $21.3 0.07 [14]
 Romania[1] $411 million $22 0.14
 Israel[citation needed] $280 million $24 0.07
 Hungary[citation needed] $150 million $15 0.1
 Lithuania[citation needed] $60 million $14 0.11
 Croatia[citation needed] $50 million $12 0.14
 Estonia[citation needed] $40 million $23 0.13
 Malta[citation needed] $40 million $22 0.3
 Latvia[citation needed] $30 million $10 0.10

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c ODA-2019-detailed-summary https://www.oecd.org/dac/financing-sustainable-development/development-finance-data/ODA-2019-detailed-summary.pdf
  2. ^ Hunt, Michael (2014). The World Transformed 1945 to the Present. New York: New York. pp. 516–517. ISBN 9780199371020.
  3. ^ "Net ODA provided, total (% of GNI)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  4. ^ OECD 2016.
  5. ^ "Foreign Aid Portal".
  6. ^ OECD 2016, p. 3, "In 2015, total net ODA from the 28 EU member states was USD 74 billion, representing 0.47% of their GNI. Net disbursements by EU Institutions were USD 13.8 billion, a slight fall of 0.5% in real terms compared to 2014.".
  7. ^ (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Can Japan compete with China over development aid? | Asia| An in-depth look at news from across the continent | DW | 22.02.2018". DW.COM. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  8. ^ Jennings, Ralph. "China Is Giving More Foreign Aid Than It Gets". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  9. ^ Chandran, Nyshka (2017-10-13). "5 charts that show how China is spending billions in foreign aid". CNBC. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  10. ^ Hatton, Celia (2017-10-11). "China's secret aid empire uncovered". BBC News. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  11. ^ "Line of Credit for Development work in foreign countries". Ministry of External Affairs. 2021-02-05. Retrieved 2021-02-05.
  12. ^ "Emerging power India gives more aid than it receives".
  13. ^ "Qatar's annual development aid stands at $2bn, says minister". Gulf-Times (in Arabic). 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  14. ^ a b MOFA. "Official Development Assistance". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan).
  15. ^ Bonnie Glick (2022-11-30). "A Revamped Taiwanese Approach to Foreign Assistance". Global Taiwan Brief. Global Taiwan Institute. 7 (23): 7–9.
  16. ^ David Merkle (2021-07-05). "A Dynamic Player in East Asia". International Reports. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (2): 68–77.
  17. ^ Alain Guilloux (2016-08-09). "Taiwan's humanitarian aid/disaster relief: Wither or prosper?". Taiwan-U.S. Quarterly Analysis. Brookings Institution's Center for East Asia Policy Studies.

Bibliography

External links


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