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((Short description|None))
((Use dmy dates|date=September 2021))((more citations needed|date=April 2012))
This is a '''list of economic crises and depressions.'''

==1st century==
*[[Financial crisis of 33]]
The result of the mass issuance of unsecured loans by main Roman banking houses.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/qe-in-the-financial-crisis-of-33-ad-2013-10?r=US&IR=T&IR=T|title=Tiberius Used Quantitative Easing To Solve The Financial Crisis of 33 AD|newspaper=Business Insider|access-date=2016-12-02))</ref>

==3rd century==
*[[Crisis of the Third Century]]

==7th century==
[[:ru:Двадцатилетняя анархия#Монетный кризис 692 года|Coin exchange crisis of 692]]. Byzantine emperor [[Justinian II]] refuses to accept tribute from the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] with new Arab gold coins for fear of exposing double counting in the Byzantine financial system (actual weight less, than nominal quantity), which leads to the [[Battle of Sebastopolis]] and the revolt of taxpayers who burned financial officials in a [[Forum of the Ox|copper bull]]. Justinian II was tortured by cutting off his nose in front of spectators at the Hippodrome.  [[Twenty Years' Anarchy]] begins.

==14th century==
*14th century banking crisis (the crash of the [[Peruzzi]] and the [[Bardi family]] [[Compagnia dei Bardi]] in 1345).

==17th century==
*[[Kipper und Wipper]] (1618–22) financial crisis at the start of the Thirty Years' War
*[[Tulip mania]] (1637) an [[economic bubble]] that burst, hurting the economy of the Dutch Republic
*[[The General Crisis]] (1640) Arguably the largest worldwide crisis in history((opinion|date=June 2020))

==18th century==
*[[Great Tobacco Depression]] (1703) (British America)<ref name=":0">((Cite news|url=https://www.abc-clio.com/ABC-CLIOCorporate/product.aspx?pc=A4151C|title=100 Most Important American Financial Crises|access-date=2014-12-09))</ref>
*[[South Sea Company|South Sea Bubble]] (1720) (UK)
*[[Mississippi Company]] (1720) (France)
* [[Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763|Crisis of 1763]] – started in Amsterdam, begun by the collapse of [[Leendert Pieter de Neufville]] and [[Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky]], spread to Germany and Scandinavia
*[[Bengal Bubble of 1769|Great East Indian Bengal Bubble Crash]] (1769) (India) Crash started by the rapid overvaluation of the [[East India Company]].
*[[British credit crisis of 1772–1773|Crisis of 1772]] – started in London and Amsterdam, begun by the collapse of the bankers  Neal, James, Fordyce, and Down.
*[[War of American Independence Financing Crisis]] (1776) (United States) – The French monarchy went deeply into debt to finance its 1.4 billion livre support for the colonial rebels; Spain invested 700 million reales.<ref name=":0" />
* Panic of 1785 – United States
*[[Panic of 1792]] – United States
*[[Panic of 1796–1797]] – Britain and United States

==19th century==
*[[Danish state bankruptcy of 1813]]
*[[Post-Napoleonic Depression]] (post-1815) (England)
*[[Panic of 1819]], a U.S. recession with bank failures; culmination of U.S.'s first boom-to-bust economic cycle
*[[Panic of 1825]], a pervasive British recession in which many banks failed, nearly including the [[Bank of England]]
*[[Panic of 1837]], a U.S. recession with bank failures, followed by a 5-year depression
*[[Panic of 1847]], started as a collapse of British financial markets associated with the end of the 1840s railway industry boom
*[[Panic of 1857]], a U.S. recession with bank failures
*[[Panic of 1866]], was an international financial downturn that accompanied the failure of Overend, Gurney and Company in London
*[[Great depression of British agriculture]] (1873–1896)
*[[Long Depression]] (1873–1896)
**[[Panic of 1873]], a US recession with bank failures, followed by a four-year depression
**[[Panic of 1884]]
**[[Baring crisis|Panic of 1890]]
**[[Panic of 1893]], a US recession with bank failures
**[[Australian banking crisis of 1893]]
**[[Panic of 1896]]

==20th century==
===1900s===
*[[Panic of 1901]], a U.S. economic recession that started with a fight for financial control of the Northern Pacific Railway
*[[Panic of 1907]], a U.S. economic recession with bank failures

===1920s===
*[[Depression of 1920–1921]], a U.S. economic recession following the end of WW1.
*[[Wall Street Crash of 1929]] and [[Great Depression]] (1929–1939) the worst depression of modern history

===1970s===
*[[1970s energy crisis]]
**[[1973 oil crisis|OPEC oil price shock]] (1973)
**[[1979 oil crisis|Energy crisis]] (1979)
*[[Secondary banking crisis of 1973–1975|Secondary banking crisis]] (1973-1975) in the UK
*[[Latin American debt crisis]] (late 1970s to early 1980s), the "lost decade"

===1980s===
*[[Early 1980s recession|Early 1980s Recession]]
*[[Crisis of 1982|Chilean crisis of 1982]]
*[[1983 Israel bank stock crisis]]
*[[Japanese asset price bubble]] (1986–1992)
*[[Black Monday (1987)|Black Monday]] (1987) US stock market crash
*[[Savings and loan crisis]] (1986-1995) failure of 1,043 out of the 3,234 S&L banks in the U.S.

===1990s===
*[[Special Period]] in [[Cuba]] (1990–1994)
*[[Early 1990s recession|Early 1990s Recession]]
*[[1991 Indian economic crisis|Indian economic crisis]] (1991)
*[[Finnish banking crisis of 1990s|Finnish banking crisis]] (1991–1993)
*[[Sweden financial crisis 1990–1994|Sweden financial crisis]] (1990-1994)
*[[Black Wednesday]] (1992)
*[[Mexican peso crisis]] (1994)
*[[1997 Asian financial crisis|Asian financial crisis]] (1997)
*[[1998 Russian financial crisis|Russian financial crisis]] (1998)
*[[1998–1999 Ecuador economic crisis|Ecuador economic crisis]] (1998-1999)
*[[1998–2002 Argentine great depression|Argentine great depression]] (1998-2002)
*[[Samba effect]] (1999) Brazil

==21st century==
===2000s===
*[[1998–2002 Argentine great depression|Argentine great depression]] (1998-2002)
*[[Early 2000s recession]]
**[[Dot-com bubble]] (2000–2002) (US)
*[[2001 Turkish economic crisis|Turkish economic crisis]] (2001)
*[[September 11 attacks]] (2001)
*[[2002 Uruguay banking crisis|Uruguay banking crisis]] (2002)
*[[Venezuelan general strike of 2002–03]]
*[[Finance company collapses, 2006–2012 (New Zealand)]]
*[[2007–2008 financial crisis]] 
*[[Great Recession]] (worldwide)
**[[2000s energy crisis]] (2003–2009) oil price bubble
**[[Subprime mortgage crisis]] (US) (2007–2010)
**[[2000s United States housing bubble]] and [[2000s United States housing bubble|housing market correction]] (US) (2003–2011)
**[[2008–2010 automotive industry crisis]] (US)
**[[2008–2011 Icelandic financial crisis]]
**[[Post-2008 Irish banking crisis|2008–2010 Irish banking crisis]]
**[[Great Recession in Russia]]
**[[2008 Latvian financial crisis]]
**[[Venezuelan banking crisis of 2009–2010]]
*[[2008–2014 Spanish financial crisis]]

===2010s===
*[[European debt crisis]] (EU) (2009–2019)
**[[Greek government-debt crisis]] (2009–2019)
*[[2010–2014 Portuguese financial crisis]]
*[[2012–2013 Cypriot financial crisis]] (2012–2013)
*[[Crisis in Venezuela]] (2012–now)
*[[Russo-Ukrainian War]] (2014–now)
*[[Russian financial crisis (2014–2016)]]
*[[2014 Brazilian economic crisis]]
*[[2015–2016 Chinese stock market turbulence]]
*[[Turkish economic crisis (2018–current)]]
*[[2018–present Argentine monetary crisis]]

===2020s===
*[[COVID-19 recession]] / [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic]] (2020–present day)
**[[2020 stock market crash]] (2020)
***[[2020 stock market crash|Black Monday]] (9 March)
***[[Black Thursday (2020)|Black Thursday]] (12 March)
*[[Lebanese liquidity crisis]]
*[[Sri Lankan economic crisis (2019–present)|Sri Lankan economic crisis]]
*[[Chinese property sector crisis (2020–present)]]
*[[Pakistani economic crisis (2022–present)]]
*[[Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine]]

==See also==
*[[Financial crisis]] and [[economic collapse]]
*[[Currency crisis]], [[hyperinflation]] and [[devaluation]]
*[[Banking crisis]], [[credit crunch]], [[bank run]]
*[[Savings and loan crisis]]
*[[Balance of payments crisis]]
*[[Depression (economics)]], [[recession]], [[stagflation]], [[jobless recovery]]
*[[Economic bubble]], [[stock market bubble]] and [[real estate bubble]]
*[[Market correction]], [[nominal price]], [[equilibrium price]]
*[[Kondratiev wave]], [[business cycle]] and [[business cycle models]]
*[[Boom and bust]]
*[[Involuntary unemployment]]
*[[Fictitious capital]], [[Intrinsic value (finance)|Intrinsic value]], Speculation
*[[Crisis theory]], [[tendency of the rate of profit to fall]], [[reserve army of labour]]
*[[Overproduction]], [[underconsumption]] and [[demand shortfall]]
*[[Consolidation (business)]], [[industrial consolidation]], [[market concentration]]
*[[Capital flight]], [[capital strike]], [[urban blight]], deindustrialization
*[[Wage-price spiral]]
*[[List of banking crises]]

==References==
((Reflist))
*((citation | title = A Short History of Financial Euphoria | last = Galbraith | first = J. K. | author-link = John Kenneth Galbraith | year = 1990 | publisher=Penguin Books | location = New York | isbn = 0-670-85028-4 ))

((Financial crises))

((DEFAULTSORT:Economic crises))
[[Category:Economy-related lists|Crises]]
[[Category:Economic crises|*]]

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