Former monarchies include:

(Note: entries in bold refer to groups of kingdoms)

Ancient Near East

Early Bronze Age

• Ancient Egypt (3150 BC – 30 BC)
• Kingdom of Kish (c. 2900 BC – 2296 BC)
• Van Lang (2879 BC – 258 BC)
• Minoan (c. 2700 BC – c. 1600 BC)
• Kingdom of Uruk (c. 2600 BC – 2048 BC)
• Land of Punt (c. 2500 BC - 980 BC)
• Kingdom of Ur (c. 2500 BC – 1940 BC)
• Kingdom of Lagash (c. 2500 BC – 2046 BC)
• Kingdom of Kerma (2500 BC – 1500 BC)

Middle Bronze Age

• Amorite Kingdom (c. 2000 BC – 1595 BC)
• Kingdom of Assyria (c. 2000 BC – 605 BC)
• Kingdom of Larsa (1961 BC – 1674 BC)
• Babylonia (1830 BC – 732 BC)
• Mycenaean (c. 1900 BC – c. 1100 BC)

East Asian Bronze Age

• Gojoseon Kingdom (2333 BC – 108 BC)
• Xia Kingdom (2070 BC – 1600 BC)
• Shang Kingdom (c. 1600 – 1046 BC)

Late Bronze Age

• Mitanni Kingdom (c. 1500 BC – c. 1300 BC)
• Kingdom of Arzawa (c. 1500 BC – c. 1200 BC)
• Phoenicia (1200 BC – 539 BC)

Iron Age

• Magadha Kingdom ( – 320 BC)
• Colchis ( – 164 BC)
• Kingdom of Phrygia ( – 696 BC)
• Kingdom of Lydia ( – 546 BC)
• Philistia ( – 732 BC)
• Sabaean Kingdom (c. 1100 BC – 275 AD)
• Zhou Kingdom (c. 1046 – 256 BC)
• United Kingdom of Israel and Judah – (1030 BC – 931 BC)
• Kingdom of Ammon (c. 1000 BC – 332 BC)
• Kingdom of Israel (930 BC – 720 BC)
• Kingdom of Judah (930 BC – 586 BC)
• Kingdom of Edom (c. 900 BC – c. 600 BC)
• Kingdom of Urartu (858 BC – 585 BC)

Antiquity

Asia

• Orintid Armenian Kingdom (c. 600 BC – 335 BC)
• Bosporan Kingdom (c. 600 BC – 443 AD)
• Pandyan Kingdom (c. 600 BC – 1345 AD)
• Scythia (c. 600 BC – c. 100 BC)
• Kingdom of Tambapanni (543 BC – 505 BC)
• Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara (505 BC – 377 BC)
• Odrysian Kingdom (460 BC – 46 AD)
• Kingdom of Rajarata (377 BC – 1310 AD) (capitals: Anuradhapura, Sigiriya, Polonnaruwa)
• Kingdom of Armenia (331 BC – 428 AD)
• Kingdom of Iberia (302 BC – 580 AD)
• Dian Kingdom (c. 300 BC – 109 BC)
• Kingdom of Pontus (291 BC – 62 AD)
• Kingdom of Pergamon (282 BC – 133 BC)
• Kingdom of Au Lac (258 BC – 207 BC)
• Greco-Bactrian Kingdom (256 BC – 125 BC)
• Kingdom of Nanyue (204 BC – 111 BC)
• Kingdom of Sophene (c. 200 BC – 94 BC)
• Twipra Kingdom (c. 200 BC – 1858 AD)
• Indo-Scythian Kingdom (200 BC – 395 AD)
• Indo-Greek Kingdom (180 BC – 10 AD)
• Nabataean Kingdom (168 BC – 106 AD)
• Kingdom of Commagene (163 BC – 72 AD)
• Hasmonean Kingdom (140 BC – 37 BC)
• Kingdom of Lazica (131 BC – 697 AD)
• Himyarite Kingdom (110 BC – 525 AD)
• Buyeo Kingdom (c. 100 BC – 494 AD)
• Kuninda Kingdom (c. 100 BC – c. 200 AD)
• Silla Kingdom (57 BC – 935 AD)
• Goguryeo Kingdom (37 BC – 668 AD)
• Baekje Kingdom (18 BC – 660 AD)
• Indo-Parthian Kingdom (12 BC – 130 AD)
• Kingdom of Khotan (56 – 1006)
• Kingdom of Funan (c. 1 – 628)
• Langkasuka Kingdom (c. 100 – 1516)
• Tuyuhun Kingdom (285 – 670)
• Sixteen Kingdoms (304 – 439)
• Taruma Kingdom (358 – 669)
• Kamarupa (4th Century – 12th Century)
• Melayu Kingdom (4th Century – 13th Century)
• Deira (6th Century AD)

Europe

• Athens ( – 338 BC)
• Sparta (c. 900 BC – 146 BC)
• Macedonian Kingdom (808 BC – 146 BC)
• Roman Kingdom (c. 750 BC – c. 510 BC)
• Ancient Corinth (747 BC – 146 BC)
• Ancient Thebes (c. 500 BC – 335 BC)
• Kingdom of Mide (76 – 1171)
• Kingdom of Dacia (82 BC – 106 AD)

Africa

• Kingdom of Kush (1070 BC – 350 AD)
• Nok culture (1000 BC – 300 AD)
• Kingdom of D'mt (c. 700 BC – c. 400 BC)
• Ancient Carthage (650 BC – 146 BC)
• Ptolemaic Kingdom (305 BC – 30 BC)
• Kingdom of Numidia (202 BC – 46 BC)
• Kingdom of Aksum (100 AD – 940 AD)

Middle Ages

Asia

• Kedah Kingdom (630 – 1136)
• Kingdom of Ternate (1257–1914)
• Kingdom of Sunda (669 – 1579)
• Kingdom of Champa (7th Century – 1832)
• Mataram Kingdom (752 – 1045)
• Kingdom of Abkhazia (778 – 1008)
• West Frankish Kingdom (843 – 987)
• Pagan Kingdom (849 – 1287)
• Kingdom of the Kartvels (888 – 1008)
• Mon Kingdoms (9th – 11th, 13th – 16th, 18th ADnturies)
• Kingdom of Tondo (900s – 1589)
• Hubaekje (900 – 936)
• Hugoguryeo (c. 901 – 918)
• Bali Kingdom (914 – 1908)
• Dongdan Kingdom (926 – 936)
• Kingdom of Georgia (978 – 1223)
• Kingdom of Lori (979 – 1118)
• Kingdom of Butuan (possibly 1000 – 1600)
• Kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti (1020s – 1104)
• Kediri (1045 – 1221)
• Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1080 – 1375)
• Kingdom of Jerusalem (1099 – 1291)
• Chutiya Kingdom (1187 – 1673)
• Jaffna Kingdom (1215 – 1619)
• Singhasari Kingdom (1222 – 1292)
• Ahom Kingdom (1228 – 1826)
• Sukhothai Kingdom (1238 – 1438)
• Majapahit Kingdom (1293 – 1527)
• Ottoman Empire (1299 – 1923)
• Kingdom of Singapura (1299 – 1398)
• Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351 – 1767)
• Joseon Kingdom (1392 – 1897)
• Kingdom of Mysore (1399 – 1947)
• Garhwal Kingdom (c. 1400 – 1814)
• Malacca Sultanate (1400 – 1511)
• Kotte Kingdom (1412 – 1597)
• Ryūkyū Kingdom (1429 – 1879)
• Kingdom of Imereti (1455 – 1810)
• Kingdom of Kakheti (1465 – 1762)
• Kingdom of Kartli (1466 – 1762)

Europe

• Frankish Kingdom (3rd Century – 10th Century)
• First Kingdom of Burgundy (4th Century)
• Kingdom of Galicia (Suebic Kingdom of Galicia) (410 – 584, 910 – 1833)
• Visigothic Kingdom (418 – 721)
• Kingdom of Kent (450 – 871)
• Kingdom of Gwynedd (460 – 1282)
• Kingdom of Sussex (477 – 825)
• Ostrogothic Kingdom (493 – 553)
• Kingdom of Ceredigion (5th Century – early 10th Century)
• Kingdom of Powys (5th Century – 1160)
• Kingdom of Wessex (519 – 927)
• Kingdom of Essex (527 – 812)
• Kingdom of Mercia (527 – 919)
• Kingdom of Bernicia (6th Century)
• Kingdom of the East Angles (6th Century – 917)
• Northumbria (654 – 878)
• Kingdom of Asturias (718 – 925)
• Kingdom of Navarre (824 – 1620)
• Kingdom of Scotland (843 – 1707, 1660 – 1707)
• Bagratuni Kingdom of Armenia (845 – 1045)
• Kingdom of Castile (850 – 1230)
• Kingdom of Jórvík (876 – 954)
• Kingdom of Provence (879 – 933)
• Kingdom of Alba (900 – 1286)
• Kingdom of León (910 – 1230)
• Kingdom of Croatia (c. 925 – 1102, 1527 – 1868)
• Kingdom of England (927 – 1649, 1660 – 1707)
• Kingdom of Burgundy-Arles (933 – late Middle Ages)
• Kingdom of Deheubarth (950 – 1197)
• Kingdom of Viguera (970 – 1005)
• Kingdom of Hungary in the Middle Ages (1000 – 1570)
• Kingdom of Mann and the Isles (1079 – 1266)
• Kingdom of Poland (1025 – 1385, 1385 – 1569)
• Kingdom of Aragon (1035 – 1707)
• Kingdom of Duklja (1053 – 1100)
• Kingdom of Cyprus (1192 – 1489)
• Kingdom of Sicily (1130 – 1816)
• Kingdom of Portugal (1139 – 1910)
• Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia (Rus) (1199 – 1349)
• Kingdom of Thessalonica (1204 – 1224)
• Kingdom of Bohemia (1212 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Serbia (medieval) (1217 – 1346)
• Kingdom of Valencia (1237 – 1707)
• Kingdom of Lithuania (1251 – 1263, 1918)
• Kingdom of Majorca (1262 – 1349)
• Kingdom of Albania (1272 – 1368)
• Kingdom of Naples (1285 – 1816)
• Kingdom of Bosnia (1377 – 1463)
• Kingdom of Poland (1025 – 1385, 1385 – 1569)

Africa

• Kingdom of Makuria (350 AD – 1276, 1286 – 1317)
• Kanem Empire (c. 700 AD – 1376)
• Kingdom of Nekor (710 AD – 1019)
• Ghana Empire (c. 750 AD – c. 1235)
• Kingdom of Nri (1043 – 1911)
• Kingdom of Sine (1100 – 1969)
• Almohad Caliphate (1121 – 1269)
• Ethiopian Empire (1137 – 1936)
• Ayyubid Sultanate (1171 – 1341)

Pre-Columbian Americas

• Kingdom of Chimor (Chimu) (900 – 1470)
• K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj (13th Century – 1524)
• Kingdom of Tlaxcallan

Early Modern

Asia

• Kingdom of Sitawaka (1521 – 1594)
• Johor Sultanate (1528 – 1855)
• Kingdom of Middag (17th Century)
• Kingdom of Kandy (1581 – 1815)
• Kingdom of Tungning (1662 – 1683)
• Kingdom of Nepal (1768 – 2008)
• Kingdom of Maynila (1500s – 1571)
• Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (1762 – 1800)

Europe

• Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (1526 – 1571)
• Kingdom of Croatia (c. 925 – 1102, 1527 – 1868)
• Royal Hungary (1570 – 1867)
• Kingdom of England (927 – 1707, 1660 – 1707)
• Kingdom of Ireland (1541 – 1651, 1659 – 1801)
• Kingdom of Livonia (1570 – 1578)
• Kingdom of Ireland (1541 – 1651, 1659 – 1801)
• Kingdom of Scotland (843 – 1707, 1660 – 1707)
• Kingdom of Prussia (1701 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Great Britain (1707 – 1801)
• Kingdom of Sardinia (1720 – 1861)

Africa

• Mali Empire (c. 1230 – c. 1600)
• Mamluk Sultanate (1250 – 1517)
• Mankessim Kingdom (1252 – 1873)
• Ifat Sultanate (1285 – 1415)
• Warsangali Sultanate (1218–1886)
• Ajuran Sultanate (13th Century – 17th Century)
• Songhai Empire (c. 1340 – 1591)
• Jolof Empire (c. 1350 – 1549)
• Bornu Empire (c. 1380 – 1893)
• Kingdom of Kongo (c. 1390 – 1914)
• Kingdom of Kaffa (c. 1390 – 1897)
• Adal Sultanate (c. 1415 – 1559)
• Benin empire (c. 1440 – 1897)
• Kingdom of Mutapa (c. 1450 – 1698)
• Kingdom of Fez (1472 – 1554)
• Kingdom of Loango (15th Century – 19th Century)
• Kasanze Kingdom (c. 1500 – 1648)
• Kingdom of Koya (1505 – 1896)
• Denanke Kingdom (1514 – 1776)
• Kingdom of Baguirmi (1522 – 1897)
• Kingdom of Matamba (1530 – 19th Century)
• Cayor Kingdom (1549 – 1879)
• Kingdom of Luba (1585 – 1889)
• Dendi Kingdom (1591 – 1901)
• Igala Kingdom (16th Century – 1901)
• Dahomey (c. 1600 – 1900)
• Kasanje Kingdom (1620 – 1910)
• Kuba Kingdom (1625 – 1900)
• Ouaddai Kingdom (1635 – 1912)
• Kénédougou Kingdom (c. 1650 – 1898)
• Geledi Sultanate – (c. late 17th Century – 1910)
• Ashanti Empire (c. 1701 – 1957)

Oceania

• Kingdom of Hawaii (1795 – 1893)
• Kingdom of Uvea (Wallis island) (1767 –)

Americas

• New Kingdom of Granada (16th Century – 1739)

Modern

Europe

• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801 – 1922)
• Kingdom of Italy (1805 – 1814, 1861 – 1946)
• Kingdom of Bavaria (1806 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Saxony (1806 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Württemberg (1806 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Westphalia (1807 – 1813)
• Kingdom of Hanover (1814 – 1866)
• United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815 – 1822)
• Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816 – 1861)
• Kingdom of Greece (1832 – 1924, 1935 – 1974)
• Kingdom of Sicily (1130-1816)
• Kingdom of Romania (1881 – 1947)
• Kingdom of Serbia (1882 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Bulgaria (1908 – 1946)
• Kingdom of Montenegro (1910 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Lithuania (1251 – 1263, 1918)
• Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918 – 1943)
• Kingdom of Iceland (1918 – 1944)
• Albanian Kingdom (1928 – 1939)
• Kingdom of Greece (1832 – 1924, 1935 – 1974)
• Modern Kingdom of Hungary (1920 – 1946)
• Kingdom of France (972 – 1792, 1814 – 1848)
• Russian Empire (1721 – 1917)
• Empire of Germany (1871 – 1918)
• Austria-Hungary (1867 – 1918)
• Kingdom of Portugal (1139 – 1910)

Asia

• Empire of Iran (1925 – 1979)
• Kingdom of Hejaz (1916 – 1925)
• Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920)
• Kingdom of Kurdistan (1922 – 1924)
• Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926 – 1973)
• Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (1926 – 1932)
• Kingdom of Iraq (1932 – 1958)
• Tibet (1912 – 1951)
• Empire of Japan (1868 – 1947)
• Korean Empire (1897 – 1910)
• Kingdom of Nepal (1768 – 2008)

Africa

• Zulu Kingdom (1816 – 1897)
• Yeke Kingdom (c. 1856 – 1891)
• Kingdom of Egypt (1922 – 1953)
• Kingdom of Libya (1951 – 1969)
• Kingdom of Tunisia (1956 – 1957)
• Kingdom of Burundi (1962 – 1966)
• Empire of Ethiopia (1270 – 1974)
• Central African Empire (1976-1979)

The Americas

• First Empire of Haiti (1804 – 1806)
• Kingdom of Haiti (1811 – 1820)
• United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815 – 1822)
• First Mexican Empire (1821 – 1823)
• Empire of Brazil (1822 – 1889)
• Second Empire of Haiti (1849 – 1859)
• Second Mexican Empire (1863 – 1867)