This is a list of fugitives from justice, notable people who disappeared or evaded capture while being sought by law enforcement agencies in connection with a crime, and who are currently sought or were sought for the duration of their presumed natural lifetime. Listing here does not imply guilt and may include persons who are or were wanted only for questioning.

Before 1800

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
9th century	Muhammad ibn al-Qasim (Sahib al-Talaqan)	unknown	Abbasid Caliphate	Ibn Qasim was an Alid Imam[1] who led a rebellion that took place in the city of Taloqan. Ibn Qasim was arrested by the authorities and hauled away to Baghdad, but later escaped, and was never heard from again.[2]
11th century	Afshin Bey	60–61	Seljuk Empire	Afshin Bey was a Khorasani Turkmen commander of the Seljuk Empire who, after fleeing to Anatolia in 1067 after being on the run for committing a murder, disappeared again in 1077 after going to Aleppo on a mission to crush rebellions,[3] and was never seen again.
1324	Alice Kyteler	60–61	Lordship of Ireland	Kyteler was awaiting trial for charges of heresy, witchcraft, sorcery, etc. stemming from the 1324 death of her fourth husband, John Poer, when she fled, allegedly to England. A maidservant who did not escape, Petronilla de Meath, was convicted, tortured and burned at the stake.[4]
1696	Henry Every (sometimes spelled 'Avery')	37	England	Every, an English pirate, vanished after perpetrating one of the most profitable pirate raids in history. Despite a worldwide manhunt and an enormous bounty on his head, Every was never heard from again.[5] In March, Every had led his ship, the Fancy, to the island of New Providence. Every and his crew spent months living there and soon lost their ship. By June, Every and his crew were forced to flee the island. The crew then split up, with Every possibly setting sail toward Ireland. A manhunt for Every lasted for at least a decade. There were several unconfirmed sightings of him and contradictory reports of his death during the 18th century. Most of them are considered unreliable, however, and his fate is unknown.[6]

19th century

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1800	Jack York	unknown	Canada	York was a Canadian slave[7] from Quebec who was charged with raping a woman named Ruth Tufflemier and was arrested in August 1800. The charge was later changed to burglary, and the trial took place on 12 September 1800. York was convicted and sentenced to death, but later escaped and was never seen again.[8]
1857	Nana Saheb Peshwa II	34	India	Leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, who was allegedly responsible for both the Satichaura Ghat massacre and the Bibighar massacre. Nana Saheb escaped after the British retook the city of Kanpur. Multiple conflicting accounts exist of his further life and death, with some stating that he died of malaria in September 1857[9] and others claiming that he fled to Nepal and may have died in 1859.[10] Still other accounts record that Nana Saheb escaped and place his date of death as late as 1906.[11]
1864	Rufus Henry Ingram	30	United States	Bushwhacker who led Captain Ingram's Partisan Rangers, a gang of Confederate raiders who robbed banks and stagecoaches across California. On 15 July 1864, Ingram and his followers attempted to rob a mine, but were intercepted by police. Ingram managed to escape, fleeing into Missouri, never to be seen again.[12]
1864	Five Confederate prisoners of war	Various	United States	On 15 July 1864, a train carrying Confederate prisoners of war collided head-on with a coal train near Shohola, Pennsylvania, leading to multiple deaths and numerous injuries. During the fiasco, five of the prisoners transported on the train managed to escape and were never recaptured.[13]
1873	William J. Sharkey	26–27	United States	Sharkey was a convicted murderer and minor New York City Democratic politician who earned national notoriety for escaping from The Tombs disguised as a woman in 1873. Sharkey reportedly fled to Cuba, which had no extradition treaty with the United States. His ultimate fate is unknown.[14]
1873	Bloody Benders	Various	United States	Family of serial killers who killed at least 11 people in Labette County, Kansas from 1871 to 1873. Shortly before the discovery of their crimes, they fled south and were never captured. Over the years, several people were arrested because police thought they might be a member of the Bender family, but none were definitely confirmed.[15]
1875	Moses Ehrich	unknown	United States	Ehrich was an American businessman and underworld figure known as "'Old Unger" who served as a fence to burglars, thieves and shoplifters from his Eldridge Street store throughout the mid-to-late 19th century.[16][17][18] He was indicted four or five times on charges of receiving stolen goods during the administration of A. Oakey Hall, but always escaped conviction. Ehrich was represented by Hall in later years.[19] Ehrich disappeared from New York City in 1875, escaped to Canada,[20][21] and was never seen again.
1876	Agustus "Gus" Heffron	unknown	United States	Heffron was an American fugitive and a sidekick of fellow American fugitive Davy Crockett (who was a 23-year-old younger relative of the better-known famed American frontiersman Davy Crockett).[22] Unlike Crockett, who had been killed after escaping from jail, Heffron after being shot and sent to jail in New Mexico later escaped on 31 October 1876 and fled for the Colorado mountains and was never seen again.[23]
1878	Procopio	37	United States	Mexican desperado alleged to have committed about a dozen murders in California, but was convicted only of cattle theft and banditry. He escaped prison in 1877, but differing accounts exist of his fate.[24]
1880	Hoodoo Brown	unknown	United States	Leader of the Dodge City Gang, a group of gamblers and gunfighters who ruled over the city of Las Vegas, New Mexico between 1879 and 1880, in which they committed a variety of crimes including robberies, murders and thefts. In the summer of 1880, local citizens formed a vigilante group and drove Brown out of the state, with his ultimate fate left unclear.[25]
1881	Michael O'Rourke	19–20	United States	O'Rourke, an American fugitive and gambler from Arizona who was imprisoned, later escaped from jail on 18 April 1881.[26] O'Rourke may later have been killed, but this is unknown for certain.
1885	Mysterious Dave Mather	34	United States	"Mysterious" Dave Mather was a lawman who served in Kansas and the New Mexico Territory who was indicted for the murder of a man in Dodge City,[27] which he committed with his brother. The pair posted bail before they could be tried, and Mather never resurfaced afterwards.
1885	E. J. Dawne	41	United States	Dawne was an American preacher and judge for United States territorial court of Alaska who fled the country amidst charges of forgery and embezzlement. His last confirmed whereabouts were at a boarding house in Victoria, Canada, but he managed to flee and his definitive fate is unknown.[28]
1886	Massai	39	United States	Chiricahua Apache tribe member who fought against settlers and soldiers with Geronimo. In 1906, he disappeared from public record, with his fate subject to speculation.[29]
1887	Dan Bogan	27	United States	Gunfighter and outlaw responsible for several murders in the Texas Panhandle, who was convicted and sentenced to death for murdering a Texas Ranger in Wyoming in 1887. He escaped from jail and headed south, but authorities lost track of him, leaving his ultimate fate unclear.[30]
1889	Apache Kid	unknown	United States	Haskay-bay-nay-ntayl, better known as the Apache Kid,[31] was an army scout and later a renegade active in the U.S. states of Arizona and New Mexico who escaped from jail on 2 November 1889,[32] and was said to have killed many people during that time. He was eventually caught and sent to jail. He was later released and became a wanted fugitive again and was never recaptured.
1896	Francis Hermann	39–40	United States	Hermann, who was from England and later moved to the United States' Salt Lake City, Utah, was a pastor who was a known murderer and was also accused of murdering multiple people which included his own family members.[33] Hermann had fled town in 1896 and was never seen again.[34]

1900-1924

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1903	Sam Carey	unknown	United States	Known as "Laughing Sam Carey", he was a member of the Hole-in-the-Wall Gang, a group of loosely-knit outlaws who operated in Johnson County, Wyoming, during the 1880s and 1890s. Little is known about Carey himself, including much of his personal history, and he was the singular member of the gang not known to have been apprehended, disappearing from history circa 1903.[35]
1908	Belle Gunness	48	United States	Gunness, who was a Norwegian-American serial killer, vanished on 28 April 1908 after a house fire (suspected arson) and withdrawing huge amounts of money from her bank accounts.[36] Although the remains of a headless woman found after the fire were suspected to be those of Belle Gunness, this remains unverified and debated.[37]
1908	Robert Leroy Parker (alias Butch Cassidy)	42	United States	After the two Hole-in-the-Wall Gang outlaws escaped from jail, "Wanted dead or alive" posters were posted throughout the country, with rewards of as much as $30,000 for information leading to their capture or deaths.[38] They were supposedly killed in a shootout with Bolivian police around 7–8 November, although authorities were unable to positively identify the bodies.
	Harry Alonzo Longabaugh (alias The Sundance Kid)	40–41
1908	Etta Place	30–31	United States	Etta Place was a companion of the American outlaws Robert LeRoy Parker, alias Butch Cassidy and Harry Alonzo Longabaugh, alias Sundance Kid. The three were members of the outlaw gang known as Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch. Both her origin and her fate remain unknown. Various claims have been made about her life after the death of Longabaugh. Some believe that she returned to New York City, while other theories suggest she moved back to Texas and started a new life there. One claim is that she returned to her life as a schoolteacher. Also various claims contend that she returned to prostitution, living the remainder of her life in Texas, California, or New York, but these claims are mere speculation, without any supporting evidence.
1915	Armando Normand	35–36	Bolivia	Normand was a Peruvian-Bolivian accountant, enslaver, and killer known for his role in the Putumayo genocide. Between 1904-1910 Normand was employed by the Peruvian Amazon Company at the Matanzas rubber station, near the upper Cahuinari River. Normand committed some of the most infamous crimes that were reported during the genocide, including multiple instances of immolations, flagellations, rapes, and killings.[39] He was later arrested around the end of 1912, after he was dismissed from the Company.[40] He later escaped from prison and apparently escaped to Brazil without a trace.
1912	Andrés O'Donnell	26–28	Peru	Between 1903-1911, O'Donnell was an agent of the Peruvian Amazon Company who managed the Entre Rios station near the upper Cahuinari River. Multiple witness testimonies collected by Benjamin Saldaña Rocca, Roger Casement and judge Carlos A. Valcárcel implicate O'Donnell in the Putumayo genocide. One testimony from an ex-employee of the Company stated that O'Donnell was responsible for ordering the executions of more than 500 Natives by 1907.[41] Casement attempted to have O'Donnell arrested in Barbados when he was discovered living free at Bridgetown.[42] Andrés was later released on a legal technicality, shortly after he escaped to Panama and then to New York where he disappeared.
1910	Sylvestro "Pedro" Morales	unknown	United States	Mexican bandit known for his violent criminal actions in California during the 1880s. Imprisoned for the 1889 murder of a rancher, he was later released for good behavior in 1909, whereupon he murdered a gang member who had betrayed him. Despite extensive searches by authorities, he was never recaptured.[43]
1914	Peter Madden	unknown	United States	Madden was an American thief, gang leader, and labor racketeer who in June 1914 was arrested for his suspected involvement, with his partner John Ryan, in a street mugging.[44] On 25 June they were sent to The Tombs, charged with stealing the wallet of William Beard in Madison Square. On 10 September he and Ryan were handcuffed together and sent to the nearby Criminal Courts Building. Two deputy sheriffs then noticed that Madden was missing. Finding Ryan alone, he explained that Madden had escaped while crossing the bridge. However, authorities believed Madden had slipped away down one of the two unguarded stairways while the prisoners were marched through the second floor of the Criminal Courts Building.[45] Madden was never seen again, and what became of him is unknown.
1916	Béla Kiss	39	Austria-Hungary	Kiss was a Hungarian serial killer and murderer of 24 people before he was drafted in the Austro-Hungarian Army in the First World War. Upon the discovery of his crimes he was traced to a Serbian hospital, but escaped a few days before investigators arrived. Although there were several reported sightings of the killer (notably in New York City in 1932), his true fate remains a mystery.[46]
1922	Edward F. Sands	27	United States	Sands was a suspect in the murder of Hollywood director William Desmond Taylor on 1 February 1922. He disappeared shortly after that, and was never seen again.[47]

1925-1949

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1925	David Brown	29–30	United States	Brown, a left-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball, disappeared in 1925[48] before he could be questioned about a man's murder.[49]
1931	Raymond "Craneneck" Nugent	35–36	United States	Egan's Rats Gang member Raymond "Craneneck" Nugent who was a killer, bank robber, and associate of Fred "Killer" Burke disappeared in April 1931 and no trace of him was ever found.
1937	Theodore Cole	24	United States	Cole and Roe, both convicted bank robbers (Cole went into Alcatraz for kidnapping also) in Oklahoma, had been caught during earlier, independent escape attempts from that state's McAlester Prison. Judged to be escape risks, they were both incarcerated in high-security Leavenworth Prison, then transferred to higher-security Alcatraz in 1936.[50] They escaped from Alcatraz, on 16 December 1937,[50] and although officials were quick to conclude they perished in the attempt, their remains were never found and their fate remains unclear.[51]
	Ralph Roe	31
1940	Eleanor Jarman	39	United States	In 1933, Jarman and two men robbed a clothing store in Chicago, Illinois, and the store owner was murdered in the process.[52] Jarman was jailed and served seven years of her 199-year sentence, but escaped in 1940. She eluded police while making intermittent contact with her family and son. She is deceased and believed to be buried under the name of an alias.
1944	Mieczysław Kosmowski	30–31	Poland	Kosmowski, a Polish Nazi collaborator, Gestapo agent and war criminal[53][54] was last seen in 1944 in Bydgoszcz, when he evacuated with the German Army.[55] In 1955, he was accused of denouncing several Poles to the Germans and a wanted poster was issued for him in 1957, and at the request of the court a warrant was issued, which was valid from 1957 until 2009.
1945	Szilveszter Matuska	52–53	Hungary	Matuska was a convicted Hungarian mass murderer and mechanical engineer. He had made two successful and at least two unsuccessful attempts to derail passenger trains in three European countries. His death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment under an extradition agreement.[56] Matuska escaped from jail in Vác in 1945 and his ultimate fate is unknown.
1945	Petar Brzica	28	Independent State of Croatia	An Ustaše guard at the Jasenovac Concentration Camp, Petar Brzica was involved in a "contest" to kill the most Serbian prisoners in one night. Brzica won the "contest", bragging of murdering up to 1,360 people. Brzica's post-war fate remains unknown, though reports of him living as an elderly man in Croatia surfaced in 2009.[57]
1945	Heinrich Müller	45	Germany	Müller, a prominent Nazi and Commanding Officer of the entire Gestapo apparatus, was last seen in the Führerbunker on the evening of 1 May 1945.[58] While there he had stated that his intention was to avoid being taken into custody by the Soviet forces advancing on Berlin. His CIA file and related documents state that while the record is "...inconclusive on Müller's ultimate fate... [he] most likely died in Berlin in early May 1945". Other theories have suggested that he either escaped to South America like many other fugitive Nazis and lived out his life there (the Israelis continued to investigate his whereabouts into the 1960s) or was protected by U.S. or Soviet intelligence under a new identity. Müller is the most senior Nazi official whose fate is unknown.[59]
1945	Ivan Marchenko	unknown	Germany	Ivan the Terrible is the nickname given to a notorious guard at the Treblinka extermination camp, Ivan Marchenko, based on statements by other guards at the camp. He is accused of extreme cruelty to prisoners at the camp, cutting off the ears of workers as they walked by or killing them outright, and torturing victims with pipes, a sword, and whips before they entered the gas chambers.[60] The true identity of Ivan the Terrible remains unknown, although John Demjanjuk was famously tried, convicted and then acquitted in Israel of being Ivan during a widely publicized trial in the 1980s and early 1990s.
1945	Karl Künstler	44	Germany	SS-Obersturmbannführer and commandant of the Flossenbürg concentration camp, under whose leadership executions of Polish and Soviet citizens skyrocketed. He was later demoted due to his constant alcohol abuse, and was presumably killed during the Battle of Nuremberg in April 1945.
1945	Richard Kunze	73	Germany	Politician of the German Social Party, a precursor to the Nazi Party, known for his anti-Semitic rhetoric and policies who served in the Reichstag until its dissolution in 1945. Kunze was himself arrested following the Battle of Berlin, but later went missing in May 1945, never to be seen again.[61]
1945	Lorenz Hackenholt	31	Germany	Schutzstaffel member who built and operated the gas chambers at the Belzec extermination camp in Poland, personally carrying out the executions of numerous people. Hackenholt disappeared in late 1945, initially thought to have been killed by partisans in Italy, but this hasn't been conclusively proven, and he hasn't been seen since.[62]
1945	Stepan Fedak	44	Ukraine	Fedak was a Ukrainian independence activist who had previously attempted to assassinate Poland's Chief of State, Marshal Józef Piłsudski. Fedak later served as a lieutenant in the Nazi SS Galicia division between 1943 and 1945. He disappeared without a trace in Berlin toward the end of World War II.[63]
1947	Frederick J. Tenuto	unknown	United States	Tenuto also known as "Angel of Death" was a New York City mobster and criminal[64] who escaped from the Philadelphia County Prison in a jailbreak on 10 February 1947. He was on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list as number 14 for over a decade, the longest on record at the time.[65] He replaced Stephen William Davenport who was number 12, as the first replacement who was not among the original ten, but was removed on 9 March 1964, due to reports that Tenuto had been killed and secretly buried, though it is not known for sure if this is true. His ultimate fate is unknown.

1960s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1960	James Squillante	41	United States	Squillante, a caporegime in the Gambino crime family, disappeared after being indicted on extortion charges. He is believed to have been murdered in a car crusher and his body disposed of in a crushed automobile that was subsequently melted down in an open hearth furnace.[66][67] No physical evidence has ever been found to substantiate this claim and no one was ever charged in connection with the disappearance.
1962	Frank Morris	35	United States	Morris and brothers Clarence and John Anglin escaped from Alcatraz prison in the U.S. state of California and disappeared. After extensive investigation, authorities presumed that they drowned in attempting to escape from the island prison, but no bodies were ever recovered. They may have survived, and the official investigation is still open more than 60 years after their escape. The U.S. Marshal Service has stated that the investigation will remain open on each individual man until proof of death has been established or the date of the fugitive's 100th birthday, whichever comes first.[68]
	Clarence Anglin	31
	John Anglin	32
1965	Charles Rogers	43	United States	Rogers, a reclusive unemployed seismologist in Houston, Texas, has remained at large since the "Icebox Murders" of his parents on 23 June leading to a warrant for his detention as a material witness. He was declared legally dead in 1975.[69][70]
1965	Ronnie Biggs	34	United Kingdom	Biggs was an English criminal who helped plan and carry out the Great Train Robbery of 1963. He moved to Paris to have plastic surgery to change his appearance to evade capture. Biggs was on the run for 36 years before handing himself in to UK officials in 2001.
1968	Siegfried Rautenberg	26	West Germany	Rautenberg was indicted for the October 1968 murder of prostitute Monika Schwiegerhausen in Hamburg, who was found drowned in the Pepermölenbek river. He was also sought as a suspect in the murders of two other prostitutes dating back to May of that year. He fled Germany and joined the Spanish Legion, which refused to extradite him until his supposed death in 1975 during a failed attempt to escape from the Spanish Sahara. His body was never recovered, and he officially remains a fugitive.[71]
1969	Sharon Kinne	30	Mexico	Kinne (known as 'La Pistolera') was an American woman convicted of homicide in Mexico and was awaiting trial for the murder of her husband James Kinne when she escaped from Ixtapalapa prison on 7 December 1969. Despite extensive manhunts in Mexico and the United States, her whereabouts are unknown.[72]

1970s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1970	Leo Burt	22	United States	Burt allegedly participated in the Sterling Hall bombing on the University of Wisconsin–Madison campus on 24 August 1970, and on 2 September was indicted federally in Madison, Wisconsin. He disappeared in 1970 and has not been seen since.[73][74]
1970	Thomas Brooks III	22	United States	Brooks, who was serving a 20-year sentence for his role in a 1968 murder, walked away from a prison work crew in Isle of Wight County, Virginia and was never recaptured.[75]
1971	Anthony Cox	35–36	United States	Cox, an American film producer and second husband of Yoko Ono, kidnapped their daughter Kyoko after losing a custody battle, hiding out with the help of The Living Word Fellowship. He later left the cult and has allowed their daughter to be in close contact with her mother, but their exact whereabouts remain unknown.[76]
1971	Elmer Crawford	40–41	Australia	The Crawford family murder was the 1970 killing of pregnant mother Therese and her three children: Kathryn, James and Karen. The family car was located at the bottom of a cliff at Loch Ard Gorge in Port Campbell, Victoria, Australia on 2 July 1970. The bodies of Therese and her children were still inside.[77] A July 1971 coroner's inquest found that Elmer Crawford murdered his wife and three children in their Cardinal Road, Glenroy home. Crawford had constructed an electrocution device, using a 15-metre (49 ft) length of electrical lead and alligator clips. He attached the alligator clips to his wife's ears while she slept and electrocuted her. He then beat his children to death, presumably using a hammer, then loaded their bodies into the family's FE Holden vehicle. He then drove them 200 kilometres (120 mi) to Port Campbell where he connected a hose from the exhaust to the driver's side window,[78] before pushing the car containing the bodies over the cliff edge in an effort to make the crime look like murder-suicide.[79] Crawford disappeared after and has not been seen since.[80]
1971	D. B. Cooper	Unknown	United States	D.B. Cooper is the media's name for an unknown man who hijacked Northwest Orient Airline Flight 305 on Thanksgiving Eve 1971. Cooper hijacked the plane while it was en route to Seattle and made demands of $200,000 and parachutes. After landing in Seattle and releasing the passengers the plane took off again for Mexico City, and somewhere between Seattle and Reno Cooper jumped out of the plane with the money and parachutes. He has never been found.[81] In 2016, the FBI redirected the resources allocated to the Cooper case towards other investigative priorities and requested anyone with a substantial lead to contact their local FBI Field Office.[82]
1972	Henri Young	60–61	United States	Young was a convicted bank robber and murderer,[83] who while serving one of a series of prison terms, attempted a 1939 escape from Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary with four other inmates. During the escape attempt two inmates were shot, and one died of his wounds. All surviving were quickly recaptured. Two, Young and Rufus McCain, received sentences of solitary confinement and served them at Alcatraz for a period of three years (until autumn of 1942). He was released from Washington State Penitentiary in 1972, and then jumped parole and, according to Washington State authorities, his whereabouts are unknown.[84]
1973	Frank Matthews	29	United States	Matthews was a major heroin and cocaine trafficker who operated throughout the eastern seaboard during the late 1960s and early 1970s. In 1973, the Drug Enforcement Administration arrested Matthews in Las Vegas, but he paid bail then disappeared. Matthews allegedly took $15-20 million with him and fled the country, leaving behind his common-law wife, their three sons, and their Staten Island mansion.[85] He was never known to be seen again.
1974	Lord Lucan	39	United Kingdom	Lucan went missing after the murder in London of his children's nanny, Sandra Rivett, for which he was the prime suspect.[86] It was speculated that the murder in the family home in Belgravia was a case of mistaken identity, and that Lucan had intended to kill his wife. He was declared legally deceased in October 2019, and a death certificate was issued in 2016, thereby making his son George the 8th Earl of Lucan.
1976	Frank Blackhorse	28–29	United States	Blackhorse (believed to be born Francis or Frank DeLuca, and also known under several aliases besides Blackhorse) was a member of the American Indian Movement and was charged with shooting an FBI officer during the Wounded Knee incident in 1973, although no conclusive evidence was presented. Blackhorse is believed to have disappeared in 1976.[87]
1976	Bradford Bishop	39	United States	Bishop disappeared 2 March from Bethesda, Maryland, shortly after allegedly murdering his wife, mother, and children.[88] On 18 March, the Bishop family car was found abandoned at an isolated campground in Elkmont, Tennessee.[89] On 10 April 2014, the FBI named him the 502nd fugitive to be placed on its List of 10 Most Wanted Fugitives.[90]
1979	Assata Shakur	32	United States	Shakur, born JoAnne Deborah Byron and sometimes known by her married name JoAnne Deborah Chesimard, is a former member of the Black Liberation Army who was convicted of the first-degree murder of state trooper Werner Foerster during a shootout on the New Jersey Turnpike in 1973. While serving a life sentence, she escaped from prison in 1979 and reappeared in Cuba in 1984 where she was granted political asylum. The FBI added her to its list of most-wanted terrorists as Joanne Deborah Chesimard,[91] and a total of $2 million is being offered for her capture (The FBI is offering $1 million and the New Jersey Attorney General is offering an additional $1 million).[92]
1979	William Morales	29	United States	Morales was an American bomb maker for Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña who was convicted in February 1979 for possession of explosives, and possession and transportation of explosives and a shotgun. He escaped from Bellevue Hospital in May 1979 and subsequently fled to Mexico, where he was held by the authorities before he emigrated to Cuba in 1988. He is currently on the FBI Most Wanted domestic terrorists list with a reward of $100,000 for information leading to his arrest.[93]

1980s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1980	Chng Meng Joo	Unknown	Singapore	A Malaysian citizen. Chng Meng Joo and his two childhood friends Sim Min Teck and Beh Meng Chai went to a Jurong fishing port in Singapore to commit robbery in November 1980. During the course of robbery, the trio killed two people - Teo Keng Siang and Lee Cheng Tiong - during a vicious robbery cum stabbing rampage. The killers immediately fled to Malaysia, but except for Chng, the others were arrested and charged for the double murder. Beh was sentenced to two concurrent life sentences plus 20 years (concurrent) for manslaughter and robbery, while Sim was found guilty of murder and sentenced to death. Chng remains on the run as of today.[94][95][96]
1980	Luiz Baú	41	Brazil	Baú, a schizophrenic pedophile imprisoned for the 1975 murder of his underage victim, escaped from prison in January 1980. Between 12 and 16 February, he killed an additional three boys and a farm worker. He was arrested again several days later, but managed to escape. His ultimate fate is unclear.[97]
1981	Masoud Keshmiri	unknown	Iran	Militant from the People's Mujahedin of Iran who infiltrated the Islamic Republican Party, rising up in the ranks before planting an incendiary bomb in a briefcase at the Prime Minister's office on 30 August 1981. The subsequent explosion killed eight people, including the incumbent president and the prime minister. Keshmiri was initially believed to have died, but it was later revealed that he had escaped.[98]
1983	Víctor Manuel Gerena	25	United States	Gerena is an American fugitive wanted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the September 1983 White Eagle armed robbery. The $7 million in cash that was stolen was the largest cash robbery in U.S. history at that time.[99] He was a known member of the Los Macheteros movement. On 14 May 1984, Gerena became the 386th fugitive to be placed on the FBI's Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list.
1984	Richard Lynn Bare	19	United States	Richard Lynn Bare was arrested just over 14 months after the death of his and Jeffrey "Jeff" Burgess's (1964 or 1965 – 2012) best friend Sherry Lyall Hart at the Jumping Off Place, a cliff in the northwestern region of North Carolina. The state police and Federal Bureau of Investigation suspect Bare tossed Hart off the cliff area on the night of 15 January 1984, when she refused and condemned his sexual advances. Bare then chased Hart down to his 1977 Ford Mustang and pistol-whipped her.[100] She was bleeding extremely heavily from that moment on. Before tossing Hart off the cliff, Bare ordered Burgess to drive down to J.D.'s (then a beer store), turn around and come back up and pick him up.[101] Hart's remains were found eleven months later, and three months after that Burgess and Bare were arrested for her murder. Burgess was taken to Ashe County jail, and Bare was taken to Wilkes County jail. Early on 17 July 1985 (18 months following the murder), Bare escaped and has not been seen since. His friend Burgess was released pending the arrest of Bare. Burgess died in 2012 at age 47.[101][100]
1984	Ronnie Eckstine	38	United States	Eckstine was arrested in February 1984 on charges of forgery and evasion of arrest. However, he escaped from jail the following month by exchanging identification bracelets with another prisoner and leaving on their bail. His whereabouts remain unknown.[102]
1984	Sukumara Kurup	38	India	Sukumara Kurup is one of the most wanted criminals in Kerala, India, sought in connection to the infamous Chacko murder case. On 21 January 1984, Kurup, under the pretense of offering a lift to Chacko, spiked his drink and subsequently strangled him and burnt his body. Kurup allegedly committed the crime with his two accomplices to fake his own death and claim the insurance proceeds. Upon realizing that the police were on to him, he fled and has been on the run since January 1984. Kurup remains untraced.[103]
1984	Edward L. Montoro	52	United States	Motion picture producer/distributor Edward L. Montoro disappeared in 1984 after taking more than $1 million from his own company, Film Ventures International. It was speculated that he fled to Mexico.[104]
1984	Buakkan Vajjarin	Unknown	Singapore	Better known as "Ah Poo", the Thai national, who was then working in Singapore, was hired alongside two other Thais (Wan Pathong and Phan Khenapim) to help Phan's supervisor Vasavan Sathiadew to murder Vasavan's foster brother Frankie Tan, who had an affair with Vasavan's wife. After killing Tan, Ah Poo had fled Singapore and he remained missing till today, while the remaining Thais and Vasavan were sentenced to death and hanged for the murder. Lee Chee Poh, Tan's wife who paid Vasavan to hire the killers, was jailed for seven years on a lesser charge of abetting manslaughter.[105][106]
1985	Christopher Dale Flannery	46–47	Australia	Flannery, nicknamed "Mr. Rent-a-Kill", is alleged to have been an Australian contract killer. He left school at the age of 14 and had his first criminal conviction later that year. At 17, he was convicted of burglary, auto theft, assault against police, carrying firearms and rape, and was sentenced to seven years imprisonment.[107] On 23 April 1985, Flannery was allegedly sent to murder Tony "Spaghetti" Eustace. Eustace was found at about 7 pm by two school-children who were returning home from sports training. He had been shot six times in the back outside the Airport Hilton in North Arncliffe and was lying beside his gold Mercedes, bleeding profusely and dying shortly thereafter. After this, Flannery disappeared and police stated that they believed Flannery to have been responsible for up to a dozen murders.[108] He is presumed to be dead.
1985	Hassan Izz-Al-Din	22–23	Lebanon	Izz-Al-Din is a fugitive from Lebanon who is currently wanted by the U.S. government for his alleged involvement in the hijacking of TWA Flight 847 that took place on 14 June 1985.[109] A reward of $5 million is being offered for information leading to his capture.[110]
1985	Elizabeth Ann Duke	44	United States	Duke is an American fugitive and former teacher best known for her involvement with radical left-wing political organizations and subsequent flight from prosecution. She remains wanted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on charges related to the bombings carried out by the May 19th Communist Organization in the early 1980s. Duke disappeared in October 1985 and her fate remains unknown. The FBI is offering a reward of up to $50,000 for information leading directly to the arrest and conviction of Duke.[111]
1986	Mahmoud Atta	32	Israel	American citizen and alleged militant who was suspected of perpetrating a bus bombing on the West Bank, killing one and severely injuring others. The bombing was thought to be done on behalf of the Palestine Liberation Organization, and Atta was arrested in June 1987 in Venezuela and extradited to Israel, where he was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1990. His current status is unclear.[112]
1988	Alejandro Máynez	unknown	Mexico	Mexican drug trafficker responsible for the murders of at least two women in Ciudad Juárez between 1988 and 1990. The murders were committed with his cousin and a female accomplice, allegedly as part of a devil-worshipping cult. None of the trio have ever been arrested, and they remain fugitives from authorities.[113]
1989	Arthur Lee Washington Jr.	39	United States	Washington, an American fugitive and member of the Black Liberation Army, disappeared after being involved in a shootout with a New Jersey state trooper on 12 April 1989. He was on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list from 1989 to 2000[114] and has never been caught.

1990s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age at disappearance	Country	Circumstances
1990	Byron McLaughlin	35	United States	McLaughlin, a former Major League Baseball player, pleaded guilty in a California court to money laundering charges stemming from his production and sale of counterfeit footwear in Mexico but did not appear for his sentencing and is believed to have fled the country.[115]
1991	Glen Stewart Godwin	33	United States	Godwin was sentenced to 26 years to life in prison for the 1980 murder and robbery of drug dealer Kim LeValley in Palm Springs, California.[116] Godwin escaped from Folsom State Prison in Folsom, California, in 1987.[117] He fled to Mexico, where he was arrested for drug trafficking and sentenced to seven years and six months in prison in 1991.[118] While American authorities were working on Godwin's extradition proceedings, one of his fellow inmates at Puente Grande prison who was a member of a Mexican drug cartel died, and Godwin's extradition was delayed as it was suspected that he killed the inmate. Godwin was last seen in September 1991 before he escaped from Puente Grande prison. He was on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list from 1996 to 2016.[119]
1991	Toh Laie	34	Singapore	A Singaporean citizen. Toh was one of the two burglars who invaded the home of games stall operator Ng Keng Hua in February 1991 and had robbed Ng before he and his accomplice killed him by stabbing. After escaping from the crime scene, Toh was never seen again, although the police managed to identify him as a suspect and placed him on the wanted list for the murder. Toh gradually became known as one of Singapore's ten most wanted criminals, reason being the police considered his case thoroughly and regarded him and the nine other fugitives on the list as "the most dangerous and desperate suspects". Till today, Toh remains on the run for the murder. Meanwhile, the police managed to arrest Toh's accommplice Tan Bee Hock, who was ultimately brought to trial, found guilty and sentenced to death for murdering Ng.[120][121][122]
1993	Aarni Neuvonen	unknown	Estonia	Neuvonen, real name Vadim Rozenberg, also known under the aliases of Aarni Rozenberg and Vadim Petrov, is the largest-ever perpetrator of employment fraud in Estonia, who disappeared after 9 February 1993. He is known for having collected money with promise of overseas jobs from thousands of people and disappearing after having caused over (estimated) 10 million EEK of damages in 1993,[123] and has not been seen since.
1993	Chhota Shakeel	unknown	India	Shakeel, whose birth name is Mohammed Shakeel Babu Miyan Shaikh, is an Indian crime boss and high-ranking leader of the D-Company (Dawood Company), a criminal group based in South Asia. He became one of the most wanted men in India and the United States after his alleged participation in the 1993 Bombay bombings. It is unknown whether he is dead or alive, but there have been rumors and theories on how he could have died.[124]
1993	Roberto Solis	unknown	United States	Solis is an armored car robber, poet, and was imprisoned 17 years for the murder of a security guard during a robbery in 1969.[125] Solis was given parole in 1992,[126] but was involved with theft in October 1993 after which he disappeared and is currently wanted by the police.[127]
1993	Adam Emery	31	United States	Emery disappeared from the Claiborne Pell Newport Bridge with his wife after being convicted of second-degree murder in Rhode Island on 10 November.[128] He was released on bail the same day of his conviction, and the couple's car was found abandoned on the bridge. His wife's remains were found in 1994 in Narragansett Bay, and Emery was declared dead in absentia in 2004.
1993	Antonio Anglés	27	Spain	Anglés is a Spanish criminal sought in connection with the Alcàsser Girls crime that took place in Valencia during the night of 13 November 1992. Anglés friend Miquel Ricart was convicted of raping and killing the three girls that night, and it was alleged that Anglés was also present and participated. In 1993, Anglés ran away from Spain. Some people saw him in various places such as Ireland, the United States, and his birth country, Brazil, but those alleged sightings have been proven wrong. Anglés's whereabouts remain a mystery.
1994	Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar	38–39	India	Dawood Ibrahim is a Mumbai underworld criminal mobster and drug dealer most wanted by India with a reward of $25 million[129] over his head, and has been wanted since 1994.[130] He is currently believed to be residing in Pakistan, according to the Indian government, and heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company which he founded in Mumbai in the 1970s.[131][132][133][134][135] Dawood is wanted on the charges of murder, extortion, targeted killing, drug trafficking, terrorism and various other cases. He was designated as a global terrorist in 2003 by India and the United States with a reward of US$25 million for his capture for his believed role in the 1993 Bombay bombings. In 2011, he was named number three on The World's 10 Most Wanted Fugitives by the FBI and Forbes.[136]
1994	Protais Mpiranya	33–34	Rwanda	A Rwandan soldier, who is alleged to have participated in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Mpiranya is believed to have fled Rwanda following the genocide. The UN war crimes tribunal has offered a $5 million reward for Mpiranya's capture.[137] It was later discovered that he had died in 2006 and had been living under an assumed name in Zimbabwe.[138]
1996	Vernon Henry	44	United States	Henry was a suspected familicide criminal who, according to Idaho State Police, Henry's own children and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, murdered his daughter, Heather Jenee (1978 or 1979 – 1996), and his wife, Connie Marie (1953 or 1954 – 1996), on 11 or early 12 August with a pistol or revolver gun not long after the former came back following a night with her boyfriend.[139][140] Several children of the Henry family were watching the crime when it happened in the area of Coeur d'Alene and Athol, Idaho.[140] As of 2022 Henry has not been arrested, although he is wanted for two counts of first-degree murder, for unlawful flight to avoid prosecution and using a firearm when committing a felony.[141][142] The 1986 Toyota Camry in which he fled was never found as of 2022.
1997	Attilio Cubeddu	52	Italy	Cubeddu is a criminal from Sardinia who was a member of Anonima sarda, a term used for bandits engaged in various kinds of crime in the island, in particular kidnapping, from the 1960s onward.[143] Since 1997, he is on the "List of most wanted fugitives in Italy" of the ministry of the Interior, since he disappeared after he left the prison of Badu 'e Carros in Nuoro, where he was detained for murder, serious injury and kidnapping. In 1998 investigations were extended internationally for his extradition.[144]
1997	Shafi Muhammad Burfat	31–32	Pakistan	Shafi Muhammad Burfat is the founder and current chairman of Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz, a party in Sindh, Pakistan which believes in the freedom of Sindhudesh from Pakistan. On 1 April 2013 the party was declared a terrorist organization and banned by the home ministry of Pakistan.[145] Burfat has been added by the Federal Investigation Agency to its Red Book and his whereabouts remains unknown.[146]
1998	Ismael Zambada Garcia	unknown	Mexico	Garcia is Mexican suspected drug lord and fugitive[147] who has been wanted since 1998. He was a farmer, but later became a drug lord when began his criminal career by smuggling small amounts of drugs. Zambada has been featured on America's Most Wanted,[148][149] and a US$5 million reward for information leading for his capture has been offered by the FBI.
1998	Gilbert Wynter	37	United Kingdom	Wynter, a jeweler and enforcer for the Adams crime family, disappeared in London on 9 March 1998. His disappearance is believed to be related to the murder of Saul Nahome in December that year; both men were involved in a drug deal where £800,000 went missing.[150]
1998	Michel Barrera	18	United States	Bank robber and possible MS-13 gang member active in the Miami metropolitan area wanted on charges of bank robbery and attempted murder of police officers. He is additionally suspected of a murder in 2007.[151]
1998	Mahmut Yıldırım	47	Turkey	A Turkish rogue agent of Zaza origins, Yıldırım is wanted for the murders of eight individuals. He disappeared in 1998.[152]
1998	Chan Kai-kit	48	Macau	A member of the Legislative Assembly of Macau and of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Kai-kit disappeared sometime after 21 April 1998 in which he attended a formal Legislative Assembly meeting. Kai-kit's whereabouts remain unknown.[153]
1998	John Ruffo	43	United States	Ruffo is an American former business executive, white-collar criminal and confidence man, who in 1998 was convicted in a scheme to defraud many US and foreign banking institutions of over US$350 million. The swindle is considered one of the most significant cases of bank fraud in US history.[154] He disappeared on 9 November 1998 has been a fugitive from justice ever since, and is on the U.S. Marshals 15 Most Wanted Fugitives list.
1998	Pedro Alonso López	53	Colombia	Pedro Alonso López is a serial killer who was active in the nations of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Known as the "Monster of the Andes", López claimed to have raped and murdered over 300 young girls starting with his first victim in 1969. He mainly targeted girls who were 12 years old and came from impoverished families. In 1980, Pedro López was arrested by Ecuadorian police after an attempted abduction, where he proceeded to confess to the murders of 103 girls. The authorities did not believe him and convicted him of only three murders, for which he was sentenced to 16 years' imprisonment. After serving 14 years behind bars, Pedro Alonso López was declared "insane" and committed to a mental hospital in Colombia, where he spent the next year. In 1998, López was found by officials to be "legally sane", so he was released from custody. His whereabouts are currently a mystery, but the "Monster of the Andes" is still wanted in connection to a 2002 cold case in Peru.[155]
1998	Giovanni Motisi	48	Italy	Giovanni Motisi, also known as 'U Pacchiuni (Sicilian for 'The Fatman'), is a member of the Mafia in Sicily from the Altarello neighborhood in Palermo. He has been on the most wanted list of the Italian ministry of the Interior since 1998.[156] In March 2001, he escaped an attempt to arrest him.[157] In 2002 he was replaced as the capo mandamento of the Pagliarelli neighborhood by Antonio Rotolo when the latter left prison, because as a fugitive he did not manage the Mafia family sufficiently, and is currently wanted by the government.
1999	"Mani"	Unknown	Singapore	Only known as "Mani", the Indian national was hired as the driver of a getaway vehicle for Loganatha Venkatesan, an Indian worker who had an affair with a retired police inspector's wife. In actuality, Loganatha and his girlfriend Julaiha Begum plotted with two more male acquaintances to commit the murder of Julaiha's husband T. Maniam, and Mani was in charge of helping to drive the hired killers and Venkatesan to Maniam's bungalow, where Venkatesan and his accomplices killed Maniam on 21 April 1999. Venkatesan, Julaiha and the remaining others were convicted and hanged for murder on 16 February 2001, while Mani was never found despite the police's efforts to trace his identity and whereabouts.[158][159]

2000s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age (at disappearance)	Country	Circumstances
2000	Credonia Mwerinde	47	Uganda	Credonia Mwerinde was a co-founder of the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God; a sect that splintered from the Roman Catholic Church in Uganda. Believing the world was to end upon the millennium, many members of the sect expressed discontent in the weeks following 1 January. Resultingly, a purge ensued ultimately culminating in a fire at the Kanungu Church which killed more than 900 followers on 17 March,[160] and authorities discovered two mass graves containing additional mutilated human remains.[161]
2000	Lim Hin Teck and Ong Chin Huat	38 (Ong) 34 (Lim)	Singapore	Both Singaporean citizens. Lim and Ong were part of a gang of four people who attacked and killed moneylender Leong Fook Weng in May 2000, after they wanted to punish him for betraying his original gang and joined another. After stabbing Leong to death, the gang fled Singapore to other countries, and two of them, Robson Tay Teik Chai and See Chee Keong, were caught in 2002 and 2013 respectively after being discovered serving jail terms in other countries for unrelated crimes. After completing their respective sentences and repatriation to Singapore, Tay was given a jail term of nine years with 12 strokes of the cane for manslaughter while See was similarly convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to ten years in prison. One and Lim remain at large till today.[162]
2000	Peter Tham	52	Singapore	Stockbroker and former director of Pan-Electric Industries who fled the country circa September 2000, amidst an investigation that he was concealing personal assets. He was last traced to the Indonesian island of Batam, but disappeared completely after that.[163]
2001	David Carroll	48	Canada	A Canadian outlaw biker and a reputed gangster who disappeared on 28 March 2001 after being indicted on 13 counts of first-degree murder. At the time the warrant was issued, Carroll was in Ixtapa, Mexico.[164]
2001	Tahir Jalil Habbush	51	Iraq	Former government official who served as the head of intelligence under Saddam Hussein, known for informing MI6 that the country had no WMDs. A reward of up to $1 million is available for any information leading to his capture.[165]
2001	John Paul	62	United States	Paul, an American racecar driver who was last seen in Thailand,[166] disappeared on his boat in 2001 while being sought for questioning by officials regarding the disappearance of his ex-girlfriend, and has not been seen since.[167]
2001	Robert William Fisher	40	United States	Fisher disappeared after 10 April 2001, after his house in Scottsdale, Arizona blew up and caught fire. His family was found dead in the home and he is believed to be the person who murdered them and rigged the natural gas explosion.[168][169]
2001	Sharulhawzi bin Ramly and Muhammad Syamsul Ariffin bin Brahim	18 (Syamsul Ariffin) unknown (Sharulhawzi)	Singapore	Both Singaporean citizens. The two youths were among the group of eight Salakau gang members responsible for murdering a 17-year-old national footballer Sulaiman bin Hashim, whom they mistook as a rival gang member, in May 2001. While Syamsul Ariffin and Sharulhawzi both ran off to Malaysia and remains at large, their six accomplices (including the gang leader Norhisham Mohamed Dahlan) were jailed and caned for various offences ranging from rioting to manslaughter.[170]
2001	Zeferino Peña Cuéllar	unknown	Mexico	Peña Cuéllar is a Mexican fugitive who disappeared on 30 October 2001, after 14 gunmen dressed in military uniforms stormed an estate in the Hacienda Santa Lucía neighborhood in Monterrey in an attempt to kill him.[171] After several of his accomplices were arrested and/or killed, he disappeared from public view. Investigators suspect he may have retired from the Gulf Cartel, fleeing Mexico and hiding in Brazil, Canada, or Cuba with the fortune he made during his tenure.
2002	Alyan Muhammad Ali al-Wa'eli	unknown	Yemen	Ali al-Wa'eli is an Arab fugitive from Yemen who was formerly on the "Seeking Information" lists,[172] and been wanted since 11 February 2002 by the United States Department of Justice's FBI. Ali al-Wa'eli's current whereabouts are unknown.
2002	Renato Cinquegranella	52–53	Italy	Cinquegranella is an Italian criminal and a member of the Camorra.[173] Cinquegranella is on the "list of most wanted fugitives in Italy" of the ministry of the Interior.[174] Since 2002 Cinquegranella is wanted for mafia-type criminal association, murder, illegal possession of weapons and extortion.[175]
2002	Achemez Gochiyayev	31–32	Russia	Gochiyayev, a Russian from Karachayevsk, is believed to be behind the Russian apartment bombings, terrorist actions that took place in 1999[176] that killed 293 people and led Russia into the Second Chechen War.[177] He is a wanted fugitive in Russia.[178] After 5 March 2002, according to news reports, he is said to have fled to Georgia and later probably to Turkey, after he was last seen in 2002. His current whereabouts are unknown.
2003	Sajida Talfah	66	Iraq	Talfah is the cousin and widow of former Iraq President Saddam Hussein,[179] who is believed to have fled Iraq[180] and went to Qatar on 19 March 2003 hours before the bombing of Baghdad. Talfah has not been seen since and is currently wanted by the police.
2003	Carlos Meneses Lambis	38–39	Panama	Convicted rapist and extortionist who has been implicated in the murders of a prostitute and a domestic worker, committed in 2003 and 2004, respectively. He is also believed to be involved in the disappearance of a girlfriend, but charges were dropped in that case. Consistently ranked among Panama's Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives.[181]
2003	Saif al-Adel	unknown	Egypt	Saif al-Adel is an Egyptian senior member of al-Qaeda and he is believed to be the next leader of al-Qaeda after Ayman al-Zawahiri and is also a former military colonel. Adel was placed on the FBI's list of most wanted terrorists since it was started in 2001. The State Department's Rewards for Justice Program is currently offering up to US$10 million for information on his location.[182][183] Both Al-Adel and Saad bin Laden were implicated in the suicide bombing that took place on 12 May 2003 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.[184][185][186]
2003	Jorge López Pérez	unknown	Mexico	Pérez, who is nicknamed "El Chuta", is a Mexican suspected drug lord and high-ranking member of Los Zetas, a criminal group based in Tamaulipas, Mexico.[187] Pérez had an unspecified bounty placed on him on 18 June 2003,[188] and had not been seen since then.
2004	Ng Kim Soon	43	Singapore	A Singaporean citizen. Ng masterminded the kidnapping and attempted robbery of Bock Tuan Thong, a scrap car dealer. Ng and his two accomplices Tony Koh Zhan Quan and Lim Poh Lye restrained Bock, who fruitlessly tried to escape his brother's car, where the trio confined him inside after the abduction. While the robbers tried to restrain their hostage, Bock was fatally stabbed on the legs due to a cut to his femoral artery that caused excessive bleeding. Ng and Koh escaped to Malaysia while Lim remained behind in Singapore, where the police arrested Lim. Koh later surrendered himself, and hence both Lim and Koh were charged with murder. Originally, Lim and Koh were found guilty of robbery with hurt and sentenced to jail and caning, but the prosecution appealed and the Court of Appeal found the two men guilty of murder and sentenced them to death. Lim and Koh were hanged on 28 April 2006. Ng, who was last known to have escaped to Malaysia, remains missing till today and still wanted for Bock's murder.[189][190][191]
2004	Masood Azhar	45	Pakistan	Azhar is the founder and leader of the Pakistan-based terrorist organisation Jaish-e-Mohammed, active mainly in the Pakistani-administered portion of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.[192] He was arrested in December 2001, detained for one year[193] and reappeared on 26 January 2014 after being in seclusion. He was not seen after that, but was said to be behind several attacks. On 1 May 2019, Masood Azhar was listed as an international terrorist by the United Nations Security Council,[194] and is currently wanted by the government.[195]
2004	Vicente Castaño	47	Colombia	Former leader of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia, a right-wing paramilitary organization responsible for the murders of opposing leftist guerillas and narcotrafficking. Aside from these charges, Castaño is wanted for allegedly murdering his brother Carlos Castaño Gil.[196]
2005	Alexis Flores	29–30	Honduras	Flores, a Honduran fugitive wanted for the kidnapping, rape and murder of five-year-old Iriana DeJesus in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was last seen when he was incarcerated for 60 days and deported to Honduras after his release in June 2005.[197] Flores was added to the FBI's Top Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 2 June 2007.[198]
2005	Heloísa Gonçalves Duque Soares Ribeiro	55	Brazil	Known as "The Black Widow"; bigamist who was convicted in absentia for orchestrating the murder of ex-husband Jorge Ribeiro in Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and sentenced to 18 years imprisonment. She has also been accused, but thus far not charged, in at least three other murders, two attempted murders and numerous financial crimes.[199]
2005	Ye Zheyun	40	China	Zheyun, a Chinese businessman who was accused of being involved in a Belgian football corruption and betting scandals, was last seen in early November 2005 and has not been seen since.[200]
2006	Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi	unknown	Iraq	Mutlaq al-Rawi, the leader of the Syrian led Ba'athist movement in Iraq, was added to the Iraq Most Wanted List in 2006[201] and has not been seen since.
2006	Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri	39	Egypt	Member of Al-Qaeda's Shura council and former member of Egyptian Islamic Jihad known for financing and training militants. On the list since 2006, he is believed to be hiding in Iran.[202]
2006	Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed	unknown	Iraq	Younis al-Ahmed is a former senior member of the Ba'ath Party in Iraq. He disappeared in 2006, potentially went into hiding, and a large bounty has been placed on him.[203]
2006	Abdullah Al-Rimi	unknown	Yemen	Al-Rimi, or Abdullah Ahmed Al-Remi, has been described as an "important al-Qaeda recruiter",[204] and became wanted by the FBI, and sought in connection with possible terrorist threats against the United States. On 3 February 2006, together with 22 others, 12 of them al-Qaeda members, Al-Rimi escaped from a Yemeni jail in Sanaa, according to a BBC report.[205] They reportedly escaped by digging a 140-metre tunnel to a nearby mosque.
2006	Iqlaque Fakir Mohammed Shaikh	29	India	Iqlaque Fakir Mohammed Shaikh from New Mangalwar Peth, India, was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Gudrun Corvinus, a German archaeologist of the Nepal Research Center in Kathmandu. She was a member of the Afar expedition in Ethiopia which discovered the famous skeleton called "Lucy". While working in the Namib Desert, she discovered animal fossils from the Miocene period. Corvinus moved to Nepal in 1984 and explored the region, specifically the Dang Deokhuri District, Dun valley, and Siwalik Hills. Shaikh was given 14 days' parole to look after his sick wife, but on the last day of parole was suspected to have run off with his wife and mother. Despite numerous sightings, he is still at large and has not been taken into custody.[206]
2006	Abd Al Aziz Awda	55	Palestine	Abd Al Aziz Awda is one of the founders of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine or Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ).[207] Awda was listed as a "Specially Designated Terrorist" under United States law on 23 January 1995, and has been wanted since 24 February 2006.
2007	Abdulreza Shahlai	50	Iran	Iranian brigadier general serving in the Quds Force who was designated as a terrorist by the United States government, alleging that he has funded terrorist groups responsible for the murder of American troops in Iraq and for a failed assassination attempt against a former Saudi Arabian ambassador.[208]
2007	Omid Tahvili	37	Canada	Tahvili, an Iranian Canadian gangster who is the kingpin of an organized crime family in Canada which is connected to various international crime organizations, escaped from jail in November 2007 disguised as a janitor. In April 2008, Forbes.com, after consulting law enforcement agencies around the world, listed him as one of the world's ten most wanted fugitives.[209]
2008	Jason Derek Brown	38	United States	Brown is an American fugitive wanted for first-degree murder and armed robbery in Phoenix, Arizona on 29 November 2004, and on 8 December 2007 was named by the FBI as the 489th fugitive to be placed on the Ten Most Wanted list.[210] His last confirmed sighting was in August 2008.
2009	Vassilis Palaiokostas	42	Greece	Palaiokostas is a Greek fugitive who escaped by helicopter twice from the Greek high-security Korydallos Prison while serving a 25-year sentence for kidnapping and robbery. He is believed to have been the mastermind of the kidnapping of Giorgos Mylonas, a Greek industrialist, as the ransom paid was traced back to him. In 2000 he was convicted for the 1995 kidnapping of Alexander Haitoglou, the CEO of Haitoglou Bros, a food company in Northern Greece and sentenced to 25 years in prison.[211] On the afternoon of 22 February, Palaiokostas again escaped from Korydallos Prison in Athens by helicopter,[212] and has not been seen since.
2009	Shaileshkumar Jain	39	India	Indian internet entrepreneur indicted in California for several counts of wire fraud and trafficking of stolen goods dating back to 2001, but fled the country after failing to appear at trial. He is currently sought after by the FBI, who are offering a prize for any information leading to his arrest.[213]
2009	Edgardo Leyva Escandón	40	Mexico	Escandón is a Mexican suspected criminal and high-ranking member of the Tijuana Cartel, a criminal group based in Baja California. On 22 October 2009, the United States Department of the Treasury sanctioned Leyva Escandón under the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act (sometimes referred to simply as the "Kingpin Act"), for his involvement in drug trafficking along with five other international criminals and one entity.[214] He is currently wanted in Mexico.
2009	Jakrapob Penkair	40	Thailand	Thai politician and media personality, diplomat and politician who served as a member of parliament for Bangkok,[215] the government spokesperson of Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra from 2003 to 2005, and later as a cabinet minister from 2007 to 2008 under the premiership of Samak Sundaravej. Penkair was forced to step down after allegations of lèse majesté,[216] a legal weapon commonly used in Thailand to silence dissent, and has been in exile since the 2009 Thai political unrest, and is currently wanted.

2010s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age (at disappearance)	Country	Circumstances
2011	Mahmoud Reza Khavari	59	Iran  Canada	Iranian-Canadian banker and former chairman of Bank Melli Iran who was charged with fraud following the 2011 Iranian embezzlement scandal. He fled to Canada, where he presumably remains to this day, unable to be extradited as the two countries do not have an extradition treaty.[217]
2011	Prakashanand Saraswati	82	India	Religious leader and writer who founded the Radha Madhav Dham, a non-profit organization which promotes Hinduist values. In 2008, Saraswati was denounced by three former members who said he had sexually molested as children, and subsequently convicted of 20 counts of child molestation in 2011. However, before he could be imprisoned, his bail was paid and he promptly disappeared, possibly escorted by followers to Mexico from there to India using a fake ID.[218]
2011	Xavier Dupont de Ligonnès	50	France	Dupont de Ligonnès disappeared from Nantes, France.[219] His wife, four children and two dogs had been shot and buried in the back garden of the family home. He was seen leaving a hotel in south-eastern France a few days after his family was murdered. He was the prime suspect in the killings and the subject of an international arrest warrant. A man was arrested in Glasgow, Scotland in October 2019 on suspicion of being Dupont de Ligonnès, and was positively identified as such in the media, before the authorities announced that it was a case of mistaken identity.[220] His whereabouts remain unknown.
2011	David Durham	43	United States	Durham was pulled over in a routine traffic stop by a Lincoln City, Oregon policeman on the night of 23 January and later shot the officer. He has not been seen since.[221][222] Law enforcement investigators have theorized that Durham attempted to swim across Alsea Bay and drowned.[223]
2011	Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil	28–39	Iran	Khalil who is also known as Yasin al-Suri, is allegedly a senior al-Qaeda facilitator and financier based in Iran, according to the U.S. government. As of 22 December 2011, a $10 million from the U.S. Rewards for Justice Program[224] is being offered for his capture.
2012	Samantha Lewthwaite	28	United Kingdom	Lewthwaite, who is also known as Sherafiyah Lewthwaite and The White Widow, is a British Muslim woman who is a fugitive from Kenya and one of the most wanted terrorism suspects in the world,[225] and is also believed to be a member of the radical Islamic militant group Al-Shabaab which is Somalia-based.[226] Lewthwaite has been wanted since 4 January 2012 and there is currently a warrant for her arrest.[227]
2012	Arnoldo Jimenez	30	United States	Jimenez is an American fugitive who was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 8 May 2019. He is wanted for the murder of his wife, Estrella Carrera, who was found dead in a bathtub at her apartment in Burbank, Illinois.[228] Jimenez is the 522nd fugitive to be placed on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. The FBI is offering a reward of up to $100,000 for information leading to his capture.[229]
2012	Eugene Palmer	73	United States	Palmer is an American fugitive who was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 29 May 2019. He is wanted for allegedly shooting and killing his daughter-in-law, Tammy Palmer, on 24 September 2012 in Stony Point, New York.[230] Palmer is the 523rd fugitive to be placed on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. The FBI is offering a reward of up to $100,000 for information leading to his capture.[231]
2013	Lo Fu-chu	69	Taiwan	Lo, a Taiwanese politician,[232] was at one time the leader of the Celestial Alliance criminal organization. On 28 March 2013, Lo was convicted of stock manipulation, money laundering, and insider trading and was sentenced to four years in jail and fined NT$6 million (US$200,000). Later he was released on a NT$10 million (US$330,000) bond, but then failed to report to police on 24 April 2013 when he was to start his sentence. He is believed to have fled to either the United States, Australia, or China,[233] where he has many relatives and friends, but this is unknown for sure.
2013	Fausto Isidro Meza Flores	30	Mexico	Meza Flores is a Mexican drug lord and high-ranking leader of the Beltrán Leyva Cartel. The FBI offered a US$5 million bounty for information regarding his whereabouts.[234] His last known residence was in the state of Nuevo León, where he was reportedly seen with some of his family members at a youth basketball game in San Pedro Garza García on 19 January 2013.[235]
2013	Abu Mohammad al-Julani	38–42	Syria	Al-Julaini is the current commander-in-chief of Tahrir al-Sham, an Islamist militant group active in Syria. The U.S. State Department has designed him as a globally wanted terrorist, offering a $10 million reward for any information leading to his capture.[236] As of 2020, he was last seen recruiting people from villages around the Idlib Governorate.[237]
2013	Febri Irwansyah Djatmiko	31	Singapore	Indonesian fish farm worker. Febri was recruited by his Singaporean employer Chia Kee Chen to come to Singapore and murder 37-year-old Dexmon Chua Yizhi, the lover of Chia's wife. After abducting and murdering Chua on 28 December 2013, Febri fled to Malaysia before heading to Indonesia. Singaporean authorities sought the assistance of Interpol, which issued a red notice for Febri's arrest. Febri was eventually located by the Indonesian police and he gave statements relating to the murder, but he was not extradited back to Singapore for trial due to the absence of an extradition treaty between Indonesia and Singapore. As of 2024, Febri remains at large in Indonesia and his current status is unknown, and he remains on Interpol's "Red Notice" list. Chia, who recruited Febri to kill Chua, was found guilty of murder in 2017, and initally given a life term, the prosecution's appeal ended with Chia sentenced to death in 2018, and he was since hanged for the murder. A third accomplice Chua Leong Aik, who helped to abduct the victim Dexmon Chua and acted as driver, was jailed for five years.[238][239][240]
2014	Oleksandr Yakymenko	50	Ukraine	Russian-Ukrainian military pilot and former Head of the Security Service indicted on terrorism charges following the Euromaidan protests in February 2014. Along with other top officials, he fled to Russia, where he presumably resides to this day.[241]
2014	Andriy Klyuyev	50	Russia	Politician and businessman indicted on 7 March 2014, on charges of mass murder relating to the war in Donbas. Klyuyev supposedly fled to and currently lives in Donetsk, which is controlled by the separatist Donetsk People's Republic.[242]
2014	Bastian Vasquez	24	Norway	Vasquez who is also known as Abu Safiyyah is a Norwegian jihadist who became wanted after failing to appear in court in 2013 for being in propaganda videos for the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).[243] As of 29 June 2014 Vasquez was known to have appeared as the presenter in an ISIL propaganda video that was released by Al Hayat Media Center. Vasquez, who has not been heard from after that, is believed to have been murdered in early 2015,[244] but this is not known for certain to be true.
2014	Anders Cameroon Østensvig Dale	35	Norway	Dale, also known as Muslim Abu Abdurrahman and Abu Abdurrahman the Norwegian,[245] is a Norwegian Yemen-based terrorist who was last seen in July 2014 and is currently sought by the police as his current whereabouts are unknown. In September 2014 he was blacklisted by the United Nations Security Council as one of 11 wanted terrorists since the United States had requested his blacklisting.[246][247]
2014	Tiger Memon	54	India	Memon, also known as Ibrahim Mushtaq Abdul Razzaq Memon is an Indian terrorist and one of the prime conspirators behind the 1993 Bombay bombings, which resulted in the deaths of 257 people. He was indicted for the crime on 15 September 2014, together with three of his brothers, but he remains at large.[248]
2014	Ibrahim al-Banna	48–49	Egypt	Al-Banna who is also known as Abu Ayman al-Masri is an Egyptian fugitive who on 14 October 2014 was added to the U.S. State Department's Rewards for Justice wanted list.[249][250] After al-Banna had fled to Yemen he was thought to have been killed on 15 February 2018 by gunmen from the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement in Syria.[251][252] This was later proven to be false and al-Banna is currently being sought.[253]
2015	Tareq Kamleh	29–30	Australia	Kamleh is an Australian fugitive and medical doctor who had joined the Islamic extremist group ISIL in 2015 to work as a paediatric doctor after traveling to Syria and has tried to get other doctors to join as well.[254] In June 2018 several Islamic State fighters tweeted that Kamleh had been killed during the battle of Raqqa in either September or October 2017, but this has not been verified.[255]
2015	Hayat Boumeddiene	26	France	Boumeddiene is a French woman currently being sought by French police as a suspected accomplice of her common law husband Amedy Coulibaly, who killed one police officer in the Montrouge shooting of 8 January 2015, and four people he had taken hostage in the Porte de Vincennes siege of 9 January, in which he was killed by police. Boumeddiene had moved to the areas ISIS-held in Iraq and Syria shortly before the attacks. Although she was reported dead in March 2019, a witness claimed she had escaped from Al-Hawl in November 2019.[256] She was convicted in absentia to a 30-year prison sentence on 16 December 2020.[257]
2015	Ahmad Umar	43	Somalia	High-ranking Somali militant and current leader of Al-Shabaab, appointed after the death of his predecessor in April 2015.[258]
2015	Zakiur Rehman Lakhvi	48–49	Pakistan	Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhavi,[259] a Pakistani Islamic militant and Islamist who is known as the top leader of the militant group Lashkar-e-Taiba and currently serves as Supreme Commander of operations in Kashmir and as a member of LeT's General Council. Although Lakhvi was released from jail on bail on 10 April 2015,[260] he is currently listed on India's NIA Most Wanted list.[261]
2015	Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes	48	Mexico	Cervantes is a Mexican drug lord and leader of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG), a criminal group based in Jalisco. He is the most-wanted criminal in Mexico and one of the most-wanted in the U.S. Both governments are offering up to MXN$30 million and US$10 million, respectively, for information that leads to his arrest. On 1 May 2015, the Mexican government launched Operation Jalisco, a military-led campaign that intended to combat organized crime groups in Jalisco and capture their respective leaders. He is wanted for drug trafficking, organized crime involvement, and illegal possession of firearms. El Mencho is reportedly responsible for coordinating drug trafficking operations in the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Under his command, the CJNG became one of Mexico's leading criminal organizations.[262]
2015	Bhadreshkumar Chetanbhai Patel	24	India	Patel is an Indian fugitive wanted for murdering his wife at a Dunkin' Donuts store in Hanover, Maryland on 12 April 2015. He was last seen at Newark Penn Station. He was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 18 April 2017.[263]
2015	Mykola Azarov	67	Ukraine	Politician and former Prime Minister of Ukraine from 2010 to 2014, wanted on charges of abuse of power relating to the Ukrainian crisis. He has set up a government in exile outside the country, which is seen as a pro-Russian puppet.[264]
2016	Pavlo Lebedyev	54	Ukraine	Ukrainian–Russian businessman and financier who served as the People's Deputy of Ukraine and Minister of Defense. He was indicted for desertion and criminal activities on 14 March 2016, and has since fled to Russia, where he is now a member of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs.[265]
2016	Alejandro Castillo	17	United States	Castillo is wanted for his involvement in the murder of 23-year-old Truc Quan "Sandy" Ly Le in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was last seen on surveillance video crossing the border into Mexico from Nogales, Arizona. He was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 24 October 2017.[266]
2016	Jho Low	35	Malaysia	Malaysian businessman accused of masterminding the fraud scheme of the 1MDB scandal, from which he funnelled US$4.5 billion into his personal bank accounts. An international fugitive, he is believed to be hiding in Macau, China.[267]
2016	Jorge Luis Mendoza Cárdenas	unknown	Mexico	Mendoza Cárdenas is a Mexican suspected drug lord known as La Garra and high-ranking leader of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG).[268] In August 2008, he was arrested for his alleged participation in the murder of a family of six in Jalisco, but he was later released from prison without a public explanation and his name was not mentioned in the legal proceedings.[269] He has been wanted by the Drug Enforcement Administration since November 2016.[270]
2017	Shunsuke Takasugi	69	Japan	Takasugi is wanted for cheating his fans of over 50 million yen (about US$450,000) from 2003 to 2012. He used the influence of his role as Kazuya Oki/Kamen Rider Super-1 in the seventh installment of the Kamen Rider series, Kamen Rider Super-1, to cheat his fans by saying that "Super-1's henshin belt was taken by the Yakuza (gangsters) and I need money to get it back." Since then, he has refused to return the money and was supposed to report to court, but disappeared sometime in 2017.[271]
2017	Syed Salahuddin	73	Pakistan	Syed Mohammed Yusuf Shah, commonly known as Syed Salahudeen, is the head of Hizb-ul-Mujahideen,[272] a pro-Pakistan Kashmiri separatist militant organisation operating in Kashmir. He also heads the United Jihad Council, a Pakistan-based conglomeration of jihadist militant groups,[273][274] with the goal of annexing Jammu and Kashmir to Pakistan.[275][276][277][278] Salahuddin vowed to block any peaceful resolution to the Kashmir conflict, threatened to train more Kashmiri suicide bombers, and vowed to turn the Kashmir Valley "into a graveyard for Indian forces".[279][280] He is currently listed on the Most Wanted List of India's National Investigation Agency.[281] He is named as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist by the U.S. Department of State.[282][283]
2017	Gregorian Bivolaru	65	Romania	Romanian yoga instructor and spiritual guru who had previously served charges of child molestation and sexual assault of children in his native country. In 2017, he was indicted for the trafficking of minors by Finnish authorities, but disappeared after he was released from a prison in Romania.[284]
2017	Ruja Ignatova	37	Bulgaria	Bulgarian convicted fraudster who founded a cryptocurrency Ponzi scheme known as OneCoin, which has been described by The Times as "one of the biggest scams in history"[285] and duped billions of dollars from investors. Ignatova has not been seen since 2017; she was charged in absentia by U.S. authorities in early 2019 on charges of wire fraud, securities fraud and money laundering[286] and faces up to 90 years in prison for her role in the OneCoin scheme.
2018	Sami al-Oraydi	45	Jordan	Jordanian militant who served as a former religious authority for the Al-Nusra Front, before being appointed as the senior sharia official for the Guardians of Religion Organization in February 2018.[287]
2018	Monica Witt	39	United States	Former OSI special agent and defense contractor charged with spying on behalf of the Iranian government, for whom she is alleged to have been working since 2013.[288]
2019	Dmytro Salamatin	54	Ukraine	Former politician and government official indicted on charges of abuse of power in favor of Russia, allegedly costing the country $560 million. He is believed to have fled into Russia, and to be currently living there.[289]
2019	Abu Humam al-Shami	41–42	Syria	Former military chief of the al-Qaeda affiliated Al-Nusra Front and leader of the Guardians of Religion Organization. He was falsely reported as deceased in 2015, but this was disproven when the U.S. Department of Justice announced a reward for his apprehension on 12 September 2019.[290]
2019	Ibrahim al Qosi	59	Sudan	Sudanese paymaster for Al-Qaeda who was previously interned at Guantanamo Bay. He was repatriated to his native country in 2012, but has since moved to Yemen and resumed activities for the militant group, for which he was designated a Wanted Terrorist in November 2019.[291]

2020s

Date of disappearance	Person(s)	Age (at disappearance)	Country	Circumstances
2020	Jan Marsalek	40	Austria	The Austrian former manager and COO of the (now-defunct) German payment-processing firm Wirecard is considered a prime culprit in what became known as the Wirecard scandal. He disappeared in June 2020, shortly before the fraud emerged. He is also suspected to have been involved in multiple other crimes, including espionage and the theft of at least €500 million.[292][293][294] Marsalek is believed to have fled to Russia,[295] Belarus or another country.[296]
2020	Guillermo Álvarez Cuevas	75	Mexico	Ex-footballer and former owner of the Cruz Azul football club indicted on charges of money laundering, racketeering and extortion, transferring his assets mainly to the U.S. and Spain.[297]
2020	Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi	52	Algeria	Jihadist militant and current emir (leader) of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, designated as a wanted terrorist by the U.S. since November 2020.[298]
2021	Taras Kozak	49	Ukraine	Kozak is a politician, media proprietor and businessman wanted on charges of treason and attempted looting of national funds from occupied Crimea. He is believed to be residing in Belarus.[299]
2021	Jacek Jaworek	52	Poland	A Polish construction worker who allegedly killed his own brother, sister-in-law and 17-year-old nephew following an argument on July 10, 2021. He has since been listed as a fugitive upon the "EU Most Wanted" list. As of December 2023, his whereabouts remain unknown.[300]
2021	Gillmore Hoefdraad	58	Suriname	Hoefdraad was a former governor of the Central Bank and Minister of Finance of Suriname. He disappeared in July when the Prosecutor General filed a request to the National Assembly to prosecute him for dubious transactions.[301] He was sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment in December 2021.[302] Last seen in Skeldon, Guyana.[301]
2021	Yulan Adonay Archaga Carias	39	Honduras	Archaga Carias is a Honduran fugitive who was added to the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list on 3 November 2021, the 526th fugitive to be placed on that list. He is wanted for racketeering, narcotics trafficking, and firearms offenses. The FBI is offering a reward of up to $5 million for information leading to his capture.[303]
2022	Poh Yuan Nie	56	Singapore	Poh Yuan Nie is a Singaporean fugitive and a former principal of a private tuition centre in Singapore. Poh was charged in October 2016 with masterminding a sophisticated scheme of abetting six students from China to cheat in the Singapore-Cambridge GCE O-level examinations. Poh and three tutors - Tan Jia Yan (Poh's former girlfriend), Feng Riwen and Fiona Poh Min (Poh's niece) - from her tuition centre (which was now defunct) were involved in the crime, and they each faced minimally 27 charges of cheating. Tan pleaded guilty and served three years in jail in 2019 while Poh and the remaining others were jointly tried and convicted of multiple counts of cheating despite not pleading guilty in 2020. Poh was given a jail term of four years while both her niece and Feng were jailed between two and three years, although Poh was allowed to remain out of prison on bail while pending her appeal, which was dismissed in November 2022. In September 2022, despite a court order informing her to begin her jail term during that same month, Poh did not surrender herself and failed to appear in court. Authorities suspected that Poh had fled Singapore and she was therefore placed on top of Singapore's most wanted list. Interpol also issued a red notice for Poh's arrest in January 2023. As of 2024, Poh remains on the run.[304][305]