Ceres

Ceres is a dwarf planet in the asteroid belt that lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The IAU has adopted two themes for naming surface features on Ceres: agricultural deities for craters and agricultural festivals for everything else.[1]

As of 2020, the IAU has approved names for 151 geological features on Ceres: craters, montes, catenae, rupēs, plana, tholi, planitiae, fossae and sulci.[2][3] In July 2018, NASA released a comparison of physical features found on Ceres with similar ones present on Earth.[4]

Piazzi, named after Giuseppe Piazzi, the discoverer of Ceres, is a dark region southwest of Dantu crater in ground-based images that was named before Dawn arrived at Ceres.[5]

Overview of features

Notable geological features of Ceres

Catenae

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Baltay Catena Baltai, a Mordvin (Mordvinian) agricultural festival in the Volga River region of Russia[6] 83.5
Gerber Catena Gerber, a Udmurt (Volga-Ural region, Russia) agricultural festival after the spring sowing in June[7] 100
Junina Catenae Festa Junina, Brazilian festival with a rural theme held in June at the end of the rainy season to give thanks for fertile rain[8] 263
Pongal Catena Thai Pongal, Tamil harvest festival observed in mid-January, a time to give thanks to nature[9] 95.5
Samhain Catenae[a] Samhain, the Gaelic festival at the end of the harvest season, which was observed in Ireland and Scotland during seven days in October and November, nearly halfway between the autumn equinox and the winter solstice[10] 715
Uhola Catenae Uhola, a Nigerian (Zuru) harvest festival[11] 400

Craters

Ceres is saturated with impact craters. Many have a central pit or bright spot.

In the first batch of 17 names approved by the IAU, craters north of 20° north latitude had names beginning with A–G (with Asari being the furthest north), those between 20° north and south latitude beginning with H–R, and those further south beginning with S–Z (with Zadeni being the furthest south).

Official nomenclature of Ceres (September 2017)
Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Abellio Abellio, Gaul (Celtic) god of the apple tree[12] 32
Achita Achita, a Tiv god of agriculture[13] (Close-up Image-1) 40
Annona Annona, Roman goddess of crops and of the harvest[14] 60
Anura Anura, a Arawak (Guyana) spirit of the tobacco seeds[15] 37
Aristaeus Aristaeus, Greek god of agriculture[16] 35.8
Asari Asari, an Assyrian god of agriculture[17]
(in the image at right, Asari is just above center) 		56
Attis Attis, Greek and Phrygian god of vegetation and of fertility[18] 22
Axomama Axomamma, an Incan goddess of potatoes[19] 5
Azacca Azaka Medeh, Haitian loa of agriculture[20] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2) 49.91
Begbalel Bagbalel, a Yapese guardian of the taro fields who controls the yield of the crops[21] 102
Belun Belun, a Belarusian god of the fields[22] 36.04
Besua Besuā, a minor Egyptian grain god[23] 17
Bilwis Bilwis, a German corn spirit[24] 7
Binayo Binayo, a Mangyan female spirit, caretaker of rice spirits[25] 16
Bonsu Bonsu, a Batek god who watches over the fruits and flowers[26] 31
Braciaca Celtic mythology god of malt[27] 8
Cacaguat Nicaraguan god of cacao[28] 13.6
Centeotl Centeotl, Aztec god of maize and agriculture[29] 6
Chaminuka Shona (Zimbabwe) spirit who provides rains in times of droughts[30] (Close-up Image) 122
Coniraya Coniraya, Inca lunar deity responsible for agricultural terracing and irrigation[31] 135
Consus Consus, ancient Roman agricultural god who watched over the harvested and stored crop.[32] 64
Cozobi Cozobi, Zapotec (south Mexico) god of maize and of abundant food[33] 24
Dada Nigerian god of vegetables[34] 12
Damia Greek goddess of the cornfields and crops[35] 7
Dantu Dantu, Ga god associated with the planting of grain[36] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4) 126
Darzamat Dārza māte; Latvian deity, 'mother of the garden'[37] 92
Datan Polish god of the tilling of the soil[38] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5) 60
Dikhan Dikhan baba; Kazakh pre-Islamic deity of farming[39] 21
Doliku Dahomeyan (Benin) god of the fields[40] 15
Duginavi Kogi (northern Colombia) god who taught people agriculture[41] 155
Emesh Sumerian god of vegetation and agriculture[42] 20
Enkimdu Sumerian god of farming[43] 9
Ernutet Ernutet, Egyptian cobra-headed goddess of the harvest[44] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3 / organics detected[45]) 53.4
Ezinu Sumerian goddess of grain[46] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5) 116
Fejokoo Aboh (Igbo) deity who provided the yam[47]
(in the image at right, Fejokoo is just right of center) (Close-up Image) 		68
Fluusa Oscan (ancient southern Italy) goddess of flowers, counterpart of the Roman goddess Flora. 60
Gaue Germanic goddess to whom offerings are made for the rye harvest[48] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 80
Geshtin Sumerian goddess of the grapevine and wine[49] (Close-up Image) 80
Ghanan Chanan, Tzeltal god of maize[50] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 68
Hakumyi Paraguayan, Brazilian and Bolivian spirit helpful in gardening[51] 29.2
Hamori Japanese god, protector of tree leaves[52] (Close-up Image) 60
Hatipowa Indian god of agriculture[53] 40
Haulani Hau-lani, Hawaiian plant goddess[54] (Context Image) 34
Heneb Early Egyptian god of grain, produce and vineyards[55] 39
Homshuk Sierra Popoluca (south Mexico) spirit of corn (maize)[56] 70
Ialonus Ialonus, Celtic (British) god of the cultivated field and of the meadows[57] 16.5
Ikapati Lakapati or Ikapati, Tagalog goddess of the cultivated lands[58] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5) 50
Inamahari One of a pair (male and female) of Siouan (South Carolina, perhaps Catawba) deities invoked for success at the sowing season[59] 68
Inkosazana Inkosazana, the Zulu agricultural goddess[60] 40
Insitor Insitor, helper god of Ceres and Roman agricultural deity in charge of the sowing[61] 26
Jacheongbi Jacheongbi,korean goddess of agriculture in jeju who is said to have brought 5 grains to the island.[62] 31
Jaja Abkhaz harvest goddess[63] 22
Jarimba Yarimba, Antakirinya (Australia) god of flowers and fruit[64] 69
Jarovit Jarovit (Yarovit), proto-Slavic god of fertility and harvest, who comes down to the Underworld after each harvest and returns each spring[65] (Close-up Image-1; Closeup Image-2) 66
Juling Orang Asli (formerly also called Sakai people, now a term for separate and distinct group)/ (Malaysia) spirit of the crops[66] (Close-up Image) 20
Jumis Jumis,Latvian god of fertility of the field.[67]
Kahukura Kahukura,Maori god of kumara(sweet potato) crops.[68] 6.3
Kaikara Konjo and Banyoro (Uganda) goddess of harvest[69] 72
Kait Hattic goddess of grain (Asia Minor). Defines zero degrees longitude on Ceres[70] 0.4
Kaneki Micronesian (Pohnpei/Ponape Island, Caroline Islands) god of the coconut palm[71] 31.5
Kerwan Hopi spirit of the sprouting maize[72] (Close-up Image) 280
Kiriamma Veddan (Sri Lanka) goddess and provider of food ('milk mother')[73] 18.7
Kirnis Kirnis, Lithuanian spirit and guardian of cherry trees[74]
(in the image at right, Kirnis is near the terminator at 4 o'clock from the bright spots) (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2) 		115
Kokopelli Pueblo fertility deity who presides over agriculture[75] 34
Kondos Finnish agricultural deity[76] 44
Kumitoga
[kumiˈtoŋa] 		Kumitoga (Kumitonga), Tuamotuan goddess of feasting mats and one of three goddesses of plant life[77] 96
Kupalo Russian (Slavic) god of vegetation and of the harvest[78] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 26
Laukumate Latvian spirit, 'mother of the fields'[79] 29.7
Liber Liber, Roman god of agriculture[80] (Close-up Image) 23
Lociyo Zapotec (Mexico) deity to whom a ceremony is performed when the first chilli plant is cut[81] 37.8
Lono Lono, Hawaiian god of agriculture[82] (Close-up Image) 20
Meanderi Ngaing (New Guinea) goddess of taro, sugar cane and other foods[83] (Close-up Image) 103
Megwomets Yurok (California) dwarf god of acorns and distributor of vegetal abundance[84]
Messor Messor, helper god of Ceres and Roman god of harvesting, of cutting of the grain[85] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 40
Mlezi Name of god Tilo as "Food-Giver" (Tonga tribes of Malawi and Zambia)[86] 41.5
Mondamin Ojibwe corn (maize) god (Lake Superior area, Canada and the United States)[87] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5) 126
Nawish Acoma guardian of the field[88] 77
Nepen Egyptian god of rain[89] 26.4
Ninsar Ninsar, Sumerian goddess of plants and vegetation[90] 40
Nunghui Canelos Quichua (Ecuador) female spirit of garden soil and pottery clay[91] 22
Occator Occator, helper god of Ceres and Roman agricultural deity of the harrowing.[92] "Region A" in ground-based images (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5; Close-up Image-6; Close-up Image-7; Close-up Image-8; Close-up Image-9; Close-up Image-10; Close-up Image-11; Close-up Image-12) 92
Oltagon Philippine agricultural goddess[93] 28
Omonga Mori (Tomori) rice spirit that dwells in the Moon[94] (Close-up Image) 77
Oxo
/ˈɒʃoʊ/ 		Candomblé (and Yoruba) god of agriculture[95] (Context Image; Close-up Image - "Water-Ice" Detected; Close-up Image) 10
Peko Seto (southeast Estonia) fertility god[96] 11
Piuku Carib (Barama River, Guyana) god of the manioc[97] 31
Rao Mangarevan god involved in the planting of turmeric[98] (Close-up Image) 12
Ratumaibulu Fijian serpent god of agriculture and the underworld[99] 20
Razeka Arabian tribal god worshipped as the provider of food[100] 38.38
Rongo Rongo, Maori god of cultivation[101] (Close-up Image) 68
Roskva Teutonic goddess who symbolises the ripe fields of harvest[102] 22
Sekhet Egyptian name of Isis as goddess of cultivated lands and fields[103] (Close-up Image) 41
Shakaema Shakaëma, Jivaro (Ecuador and Peru) god of vegetation invoked in the planting and cultivation of bananas[104] 49
Shennong Shennong, Chinese buffalo-headed deity of agriculture[105] 32.5
Sintana Kogi deity who produced fertile black earth[106] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 61
Tafakula Tongan (Polynesia) goddess invoked for favourable seasons for the crops[107] 34
Tahu Maori (New Zealand) personification of all food[108] 25
Takel Yak Takel, Semang goddess of the tuber harvest[109] (Close-up Image) 21
Tawals Polish god of the fields and of the tilling[110] 8.8
Telepinu Telepinu Hittite god of fertility and vegetation[111] 31
Thrud Scandinavian goddess who "signifies the seed"[112] 7.8
Tibong Land Dayak (Borneo) malevolent spirit who devours and depletes the rice[113] 37
Toharu Pawnee god of food and vegetation[114] (Close-up Image) 87
Tupo An obscure Mangarevan god of disorder (perhaps the same as Tu or Tupa), involved in turmeric planting[115] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2) 37
Urvara Ancient titular deity of plants (Iranian) and fertile fields (Indian)[116] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5) 163
Victa Roman goddess of food and nourishment[117] 30
Vinotonus Britonic (Celtic) god of the vine (wine)[118] 140
Xevioso Fon (Benin/Dahomey) god of thunder and fertility[119] 8.5
Xochipilli Xochipilli, Aztec fertility god associated with maize and flowers; patron of music and dance[120] 22.7
Yalode Dahomeyan goddess worshipped by women at harvest rites[121] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3; Close-up Image-4; Close-up Image-5; Close-up Image-6; Close-up Image-7) 260
Zadeni Zadeni, ancient Georgian god of bountiful harvests[122] (Close-up Image-1; Close-up Image-2; Close-up Image-3) 129.28
Zatik Armenian god of fertility and vegetation[123] 4

Faculae (bright spots)

Main article: Bright spots on Ceres

A few of the brightest faculae were numbered during the approach of the Dawn spacecraft.

Feature Named after Number Location Image
Cerealia Facula Cerealia, Ancient Roman festival of the grain goddess Ceres 5 Occator crater (center)
Pasola Facula Pasola, rice-planting festival on Sumba Island 5 Occator crater (center)
Vinalia Faculae Vinalia, Roman wine festivals 5 Occator crater (east)
Number Location Image
1 Haulani facula
2 Dantu faculae
3 Kupalo facula
4 Probably south of Nawish crater

Fossae

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Nabanna Fossa Nabanna, Bengali harvest festival for the 'new rice'[124] 168

Labes

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Dankdag Labes Dankdag, Dutch day of thanksgiving 23.5
Onam Labes Onam, harvest festival in Kerala 4.8
Sukkot Labes Sukkot, Jewish autumn festival 11

Labyrinthus

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Makahiki Labyrinthus Makahiki, Hawaiian harvest festival 22

Montes

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Ahuna Mons /əˈhuːnə/ Ahuna, the Sumi (Nagaland, northeast India) traditional post-harvest festival that signifies the celebration of the season's harvest's thanksgiving[125] (Close-up Image) 20
Liberalia Mons /lɪbərˈeɪliə/ Liberalia, ancient Roman festival to honour Liber and Libera, deities of the vine, worshipped, along with Ceres as fertility gods, held on 17 March[126] 90
Yamor Mons[b] /ˈjæmɔːr/ Yamor, an Ecuadorean maize festival[127] 17

Plana

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Hanami Planum[c] Hanami, Japanese cherry blossom festival[128] 555

Planitiae

The three planitiae may be large and largely obliterated craters.

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Vendimia Planitia /vɛnˈdɪmiə/ The Fiesta Nacional de la Vendimia grape-harvest festival in Mendoza, Argentina during the first week of March, one of the most important festivals in the country[129] 800

Regiones

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Homowo Regio Homowo, Ga harvest festival 360

Rupēs

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Niman Rupes Hopi (southwestern United States) ritual ending the kachina (spiritual beings) season, celebrating the kachinas' return to their spiritual home in July and their part in the blossoming of plant life[130] (Related Image) 45

Sulci

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Nar Sulcus Azerbaijani festival of the pomegranate harvest, held October–November in Goychay, the centre of pomegranate cultivation in the country[131] 63

Tholi

Feature Named after Diameter (km) Image
Aymuray Tholi Quechua (Peru) harvest festival in May, meaning 'the song of the harvest'[132] 81
Bagach Tholus Bagach(Багач), Belarusian harvest festival held on the 21st of September[133] 4.3
Cerealia Tholus Cerealia,the major festival in Ancient Rome to celebrate the grain goddess Ceres (8 days in mid- to late-April)[134] 3.2
Cosecha Tholus Colombian harvest festival (Fiestas de la Cosecha), held in August in Pereira[135] 50
Dalien Tholus Bon Dalien, Khmer (Cambodian) festival at the end of the rice harvest (January to February)[136] 22
Hosil Tholus Hosil bayrami, Uzbek (Central Asia) cotton harvest festival[137] 31
Kekri Tholus Kekri, a Finnish festival held on the first Saturday of November.[138] 4.6
Kwanzaa Tholus Kwanzaa, African-American festival based on ancient African harvest festivals (from 26 December to 1 January)[139] 48
Lohri Tholus Lohri, Punjabi harvest festival on January 13.[140] 3.8
Lughnasa Tholus Lughnasa Celtic harvest festival traditionally celebrated on August 1[141] 35.87
Mikeli Tholus Miķeļi, Latvian harvest festival held at the end of September (the autumn equinox)[142] 37
Wangala Tholus Wangala, Garo people (Meghalaya and Assam states, northeast India and Bangladesh) post-harvest three-day festival that marks the end of the agricultural year (November)[143] 50
Ceres Quad Map
90°N 180°E / 90°N 180°E / 90; 180
Ac-H-1
ASARI
Ac-H-2
CHAHAL
Ac-H-3
DAGAO
Ac-H-4
EBISU
Ac-H-5
GURCHO
Ac-H-6
HOBNIL
KUMBA
Ac-H-7
KUMBA
Ac-H-8
MAINAO
Ac-H-9
PALO
Ac-H-10
RONDO
Ac-H-11
SILADI
Ac-H-12
TAUBEWA
Ac-H-13
WAYU
Ac-H-14
YUMYUM
Ac-H-15
ZELUS
Ceres Quad Map
Topographic map of Ceres as of February 2015. Darker areas represent lower elevations, and brighter areas represent higher elevations.
[
]

Notes

  1. ^ Name changed from Samhain Catena (singular) to Samhain Catenae (plural) and boundary expanded from 168 km to 715 km.
  2. ^ Name changed from Ysolo Mons to Yamor Mons. See: "Name changed on Ceres". Astrogeology. USGS. 7 December 2016.
  3. ^ Name changed from Erntedank Planum to Hanami Planum.

References

  1. ^ Brown, Andrew R.; Byrd, Deborah (24 March 2015). "Dwarf planet Ceres gets place names". EarthSky Communications. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  2. ^ Staff (16 September 2016). "Planetary Surface Feature News". IAU. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  3. ^ Staff (16 September 2016). "Names Approved for 14 Features on Ceres". USGS. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  4. ^ Landau, Elizabeth; McCartney, Gretchen (24 July 2018). "What Looks Like Ceres on Earth?". NASA. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
  5. ^ "Catalog Page for PIA17831".
  6. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Baltay Catena on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  7. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Gerber Catena on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  8. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Junina Catenae on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  9. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Pongal Catena on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  10. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Samhain Catenae on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  11. ^ "Planetary Names: Catena, catenae: Uhola Catenae on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 12 September 2016.
  12. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Abellio on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  13. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Achita on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  14. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Annona on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  15. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Anura on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  16. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Aristaeus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  17. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Asari on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  18. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Attis on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  19. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Axomama on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  20. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Azacca on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  21. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Begbalel on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  22. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Belun on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  23. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Besua on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  24. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Bilwis on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  25. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Binayo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  26. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Bonsu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  27. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Braciaca on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  28. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Cacaguat on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  29. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Centeotl on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  30. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Chaminuka on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  31. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Coniraya on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  32. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Consus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 March 2016.
  33. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Cozobi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  34. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Dada on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  35. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Damia on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  36. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Dantu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  37. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Darzamat on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  38. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Datan on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  39. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Dikhan on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  40. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Doliku on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  41. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Duginavi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  42. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Emesh on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  43. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Enkimdu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  44. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ernutet on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  45. ^ "Dawn discovers evidence for organic material on Ceres (Update)". Phys.org. 16 February 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
  46. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ezinu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  47. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Fejokoo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  48. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Gaue on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  49. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Geshtin on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  50. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ghanan on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  51. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Hakumyi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  52. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Hamori on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  53. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Hatipowa on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  54. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Haulani on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. USGS Astrogeology Science Center. 3 July 2015.
  55. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Heneb on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  56. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Homshuk on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  57. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ialonus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  58. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ikapati on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  59. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Inamahari on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  60. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Inkosazana on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.
  61. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Insitor on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  62. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Jacheongbi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.
  63. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Jaja on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  64. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Jarimba on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015..
  65. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Jarovit on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  66. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Juling on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  67. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Jumis on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.
  68. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kahukura on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.
  69. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kaikara on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  70. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kait on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 9 August 2015.
  71. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kaneki on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  72. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kerwan on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  73. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kiriamma on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  74. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kirnis on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  75. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kokopelli on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  76. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kondos on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  77. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kumitoga on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  78. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Kupalo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  79. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Laukumate on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  80. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Liber on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  81. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Lociyo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  82. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Lono on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  83. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Meanderi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  84. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Megwomets on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  85. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Messor on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  86. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Mlezi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  87. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Mondamin on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  88. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Nawish on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  89. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Nepen on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  90. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ninsar on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  91. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Nunghui on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  92. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Occator on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  93. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Oltagon on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  94. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Omonga on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  95. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Oxo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  96. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Peko on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  97. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Piuku on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  98. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Rao on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  99. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Ratumaibulu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  100. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Razeka on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  101. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Rongo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  102. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Roskva on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 4 December 2015.
  103. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Sekhet on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  104. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Shakaema on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  105. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Shennong on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  106. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Sintana on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  107. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Tafakula on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  108. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Tahu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  109. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Takel on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  110. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Tawals on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  111. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Telepinu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  112. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Thrud on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  113. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Tibong on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  114. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Toharu on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  115. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Tupo on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  116. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Urvara on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 July 2015.
  117. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Victa on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  118. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Vinotonus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 21 September 2015.
  119. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Xevioso on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 August 2017.
  120. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Xochipilli on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 16 September 2015.
  121. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Yalode on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  122. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Zadeni on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 3 July 2015.
  123. ^ "Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Zatik on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 11 August 2017.
  124. ^ "Planetary Names: Fossa, fossae: Nabanna Fossa on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  125. ^ "Planetary Names: Mons, montes: Ahuna Mons on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 1 October 2015.
  126. ^ "Planetary Names: Mons, montes: Liberalia Mons on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  127. ^ "Planetary Names: Mons, montes: Yamor Mons on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  128. ^ "Planetary Names: Planum, plana: Hanami Planum on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. 20 June 2016.
  129. ^ "Planetary Names: Planitia, planitiae: Vendimia Planitia on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 25 March 2016.
  130. ^ "Planetary Names: Rupes, rupēs: Niman Rupes on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 15 October 2015.
  131. ^ "Planetary Names: Sulcus, sulci: Nar Sulcus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 20 June 2015.
  132. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Aymuray Tholi on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 22 August 2015.
  133. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Bagach Tholus on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  134. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Cerealia Tholus on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  135. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Cosecha Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 22 August 2015.
  136. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Dalien Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
  137. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Hosil Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 22 August 2015.
  138. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Kekri Tholus on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. USGS. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  139. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Kwanzaa Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 22 August 2015.
  140. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Lohri Tholus on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. USGS. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  141. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Lughnasa Tholus on Ceres". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
  142. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Mikeli Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 22 August 2015.
  143. ^ "Planetary Names: Tholus, tholi: Wangala Tholus on Ceres". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. 14 December 2015.
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