Procambarus virginalis (marbled crayfish), caught from an established population in southwestern Germany.

In 2016, following the EU Regulation 1143/2014[1] on Invasive Alien Species (IAS), the European Commission published a first list of 37 IAS of Union concern.[2] The list was first updated in 2017[3] and comprised 49 species. Since the second update in 2019,[4] 66 species are listed as IAS of EU concern. Since the third update in 2022,[5] 88 species are listed as IAS of EU concern, although the final inclusion of three of these species has been deferred to 2024, and one to 2027.[citation needed]

The species on the list are subject to restrictions on keeping, importing, selling, breeding and growing. Member States of the European Union must take measures to stop their spread, implement monitoring and preferably eradicate these species. Even countries in which they are already widespread are expected to manage the species to avoid further spread.[6]

Sortable table of invasive alien species of Union concern

Picture Scientific name English name Taxonomic group Entry into force [7]
Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. Golden wreath wattle Plantae 2019
Acridotheres tristis Linnaeus, 1766 Common or Indian myna Aves 2019
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Tree of heaven Plantae 2019
Alopochen aegyptiaca Linnaeus, 1766 Egyptian goose Aves 2017
Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. Alligator weed Plantae 2017
Ameiurus melas Black bullhead Pisces 2022
Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge bluestem Plantae 2019
Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Dendy, 1894) Jones & Gerard (1999) New Zealand flatworm Rhabditophora 2019
Asclepias syriaca L. Milkweed Plantae 2017
Axis axis Chital Mammalia 2022
Baccharis halimifolia L. Eastern baccharis Plantae 2016
Cabomba caroliniana Gray Green cabomba Plantae 2016
Callosciurus erythraeus Pallas, 1779 Pallas's squirrel Mammalia 2016
Callosciurus finlaysonii Finlayson's squirrel Mammalia 2022
Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw. Balloon vine Plantae 2019
Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet Plantae 2027 (2022)
Channa argus Northern snakehead Pisces 2022
Cortaderia jubata (Lemoine ex Carrière) Stapf Purple pampas grass Plantae 2019
Corvus splendens Vieillot, 1817 Indian house crow Aves 2016
Ehrharta calycina Sm. Perennial veldtgrass Plantae 2019
Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms Water hyacinth Plantae 2016
Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) St. John Nuttall's waterweed Plantae 2017
Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne Edwards, 1854 Chinese mitten crab Crustacea 2016
Faxonius rusticus Rusty crayfish Crustacea 2022
Fundulus heteroclitus Mummichog Pisces 2024 (2022)
Gambusia affinis Western mosquitofish Pisces 2022
Gambusia holbrooki Eastern mosquitofish Pisces 2022
Gunnera tinctoria (Molina) Mirbel Chilean rhubarb Plantae 2017
Gymnocoronis spilanthoides (D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.) DC. Spadeleaf plant Plantae 2019
Hakea sericea Needlebush Plantae 2022
Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier Giant hogweed Plantae 2017
Heracleum persicum Fischer Persian hogweed Plantae 2016
Heracleum sosnowskyi Mandenova Sosnowski's hogweed Plantae 2016
Herpestes javanicus É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818 Small Asian mongoose Mammalia 2016
Humulus scandens (Lour.) Merr. Japanese hop Plantae 2019
Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f. Floating pennywort Plantae 2016
Impatiens glandulifera Royle Himalayan balsam Plantae 2017
Koenigia polystachya Himalayan knotweed Plantae 2022
Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss Curly waterweed Plantae 2016
Lampropeltis getula Common kingsnake Reptilia 2022
Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus, 1758 Pumpkinseed Pisces 2019
Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.Cours.) G.Don Chinese bushclover, sericea Plantae 2019
Limnoperna fortunei Golden mussel Mollusca 2022
Lithobates catesbeianus Shaw, 1802 American bullfrog Amphibia 2016
Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet Water primrose Plantae 2016
Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H. Raven Floating primrose Plantae 2016
Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. Vine-like fern Plantae 2019
Lysichiton americanus Hultén & H. St. John American skunk cabbage Plantae 2016
Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus Japanese stiltgrass Plantae 2017
Morone americana White perch Pisces 2022
Muntiacus reevesi Ogilby, 1839 Muntjac deer Mammalia 2016
Myocastor coypus Molina, 1782 Coypu Mammalia 2016
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. Parrot's feather Plantae 2016
Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michaux Broadleaf watermilfoil Plantae 2017
Nasua nasua Linnaeus, 1766 South American coati Mammalia 2016
Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray, 1834 Raccoon dog Mammalia 2019 (2017)
Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus, 1766 Muskrat Mammalia 2017
Orconectes limosus Rafinesque, 1817 Spiny-cheek crayfish Crustacea 2016
Orconectes virilis Hagen, 1870 Virile (northern) crayfish Crustacea 2016
Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin, 1789 Ruddy duck Aves 2016
Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana, 1852 Signal crayfish Crustacea 2016
Parthenium hysterophorus L. Whitetop weed Plantae 2016
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov. Crimson fountaingrass Plantae 2017
Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877 Amur sleeper Pisces 2016
Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross Asiatic tearthumb Plantae 2016
Pistia stratiotes Water lettuce Plantae 2024 (2022)
Plotosus lineatus (Thunberg, 1787) Striped eel catfish Pisces 2019
Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852 Red swamp crayfish Crustacea 2016
Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017) Marbled crayfish Crustacea 2016
Procyon lotor Linnaeus, 1758 Raccoon Mammalia 2016
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Mesquite Plantae 2019
Pseudorasbora parva Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 Topmouth gudgeon Pisces 2016
Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Kudzu vine Plantae 2016
Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented bulbul Aves 2022
Rugulopteryx okamurae Plantae 2022
Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitch. Giant salvinia, kariba weed Plantae 2019
Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, 1788 Grey squirrel Mammalia 2016
Sciurus niger Linnaeus, 1758 Bryant's fox squirrel Mammalia 2016
Solenopsis geminata Red imported fire ant Insecta 2022
Solenopsis invicta Tropical fire ant Insecta 2022
Solenopsis richteri Black imported fire ant Insecta 2022
Tamias sibiricus Laxmann, 1769 Siberian chipmunk Mammalia 2016
Threskiornis aethiopicus Latham, 1790 Sacred Ibis Aves 2016
Trachemys scripta elegans Schoepff, 1792 Red eared slider Reptilia 2016
Triadica sebifera (L.) Small Chinese tallowtree Plantae 2019
Vespa velutina nigrithorax du Buysson, 1905 Yellow-legged Asian hornet Insecta 2016
Wasmannia auropunctata Electric ant Insecta 2022
Xenopus laevis African clawed frog Amphibia 2024 (2022)

Resources

See also

References

  1. ^ Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species
  2. ^ Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 of 13 July 2016 adopting a list of invasive alien species of Union concern pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  3. ^ Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1263 of 12 July 2017 updating the list of invasive alien species of Union concern established by Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  4. ^ Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1262 of 25 July 2019 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 to update the list of invasive alien species of Union concern
  5. ^ COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) 2022/1203 of 12 July 2022 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 to update the list of invasive alien species of Union concern
  6. ^ "List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern - Environment - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Archived from the original on 2019-08-19. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
  7. ^ Year of regulation adoption in brackets if different from entry into force.
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